1. Cephalopod - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia There are around 786 distinct living species of cephalopods. Two important extinct taxa are Ammonoidea, the ammonites, and Belemnoidea, the belemnites. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cephalopod

Cephalopod From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Cephalopods Fossil range: Late Cambrian - Recent A variety of cephalopod forms from Ernst Haeckel 's 1904 Kunstformen der Natur Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca Class: Cephalopoda Cuvier Orders Subclass Nautiloidea Plectronocerida Ellesmerocerida Actinocerida ... Bactritida Subclass † Ammonoidea Goniatitida Ceratitida Ammonitida Subclass Coleoidea Belemnoidea Aulacocerida Belemnitida ... Neocoleoidea (most living cephalopods) Boletzkyida Sepiida Sepiolida Spirulida ... Vampyromorphida The cephalopods Greek plural (kephal³poda); "head-foot") are the mollusc class Cephalopoda characterized by bilateral body symmetry , a prominent head, and a modification of the mollusk foot, a muscular hydrostat , into the form of arms or tentacles Teuthology , a branch of malacology , is the study of cephalopods. The class contains two extant subclasses . In the Coleoidea , the mollusk shell has been internalized or is absent; this subclass includes the octopuses squid , and cuttlefish . In the Nautiloidea the shell remains; this subclass includes the

2. Cephalopoda Classification and images of cephalopods from the Tree of Life project. http://www.tolweb.org/Cephalopoda

Under Construction Containing Groups Mollusca Bilateria Animals Eukaryotes ... Life on Earth Other Mollusca Polyplacophora Bivalvia Gastropoda Cephalopoda Subgroups Nautilidae Coleoidea Cephalopoda Cuvier 1797 Octopods, squids, nautiluses, etc. Richard E. Young, Michael Vecchione, and Katharina M. Mangold (1922-2003) Endoceratoidea Actinoceratoidea Orthoceratoidea Nautiloidea Ammonoidea Coleoidea Bather, 1888 (octopods, squids, cuttlefishes and their relatives) Containing group: Mollusca Introduction The Cephalopoda is an ancient and very successful group of the Mollusca. Cephalopods have been among the dominant large predators in the ocean at various times in geological history. Two groups of cephalopods exist today: The Nautiloidea with a few species of the pearly nautilus, and the Coleoidea, containing the squids, cuttlefishes, octopods and vampire squids, which is represented by about 700 species. Cephalopods are the most active of the molluscs and some squids rival fishes in their swimming speed. Although there are relatively few species of living cephalopods, they occupy a great variety of habitats in all of the world's oceans. Individual species are often very abundant and provide major targets for marine fisheries. Cephalopods first appeared about 500 million years ago in the Upper Cambrian Period. Although considerable uncertainity still exists, the two extant lineages may have separated 470 mya with the possible origin of the Bactritida or earlier. The long separation of the two lineages has, today, resulted in lineages with cephalopods that are very different in structure.

3. CephBase - Cephalopod (Octopus, Squid, Cuttlefish And Nautilus) Database CephBase is a dynamic databasedriven web page on cephalopods (octopus, squid, cuttlefish and nautilus). Complete classification of the 786 species, http://www.cephbase.utmb.edu/

For comments, questions and corrections email cephbase@hotmail.com Co-creators: James B. Wood and Catriona L.Day Maintained by: Catriona Day Welcome to CephBase A database-driven web site on all living cephalopods (octopus, squid, cuttlefish and nautilus) June 16, 2006 CephBase is a dynamic relational database-driven web site that has been online since 1998. CephBase provides taxonomic data, distribution, images, videos, predator and prey data, size, references and scientific contact information for all living species of cephalopods (octopus, squid, cuttlefish and nautilus) in an easy to access, user-friendly manner. Species Database: Search by scientific, common name or synonym to call up species-specific pages with information such as full taxonomy, type species, names, size, predators, prey, biogeography, distribution maps, country lists, life history, images, videos, references, genetic information links and other internet resources. Image Database: Search our 1642 cephalopod images which cover all life stages, behaviour, ecology, taxonomy as well as many other aspects of these amazing animals. Each image has a caption, key words, location, photographer and other data. Please take a look at: The CephBase Image Database; Cataloging color, shape and texture

4. National Resource Center For Cephalopods Offers resources for cephalopod researchers. Includes photo gallery. http://www.nrcc.utmb.edu/

National Resource Center for Cephalopods [ Home ] Table of Contents About the NRCC Live Animal Res Ceph Info Resources ... Cephalopod Photo, Video and Graphic Illustration Resources NEW!! Allied Research Programs About the NRCC Contacting the NRCC The NIH National Center for Research Resources ... Options for Viewing this Page Please report problems with this page to Shannara Collins

5. Cephalopod Information - Coral Sea Cephalopods - Nautilus, Octopus And Cuttlefis Cephalopod research in the Coral Sea and Great Barrier Reef cephalopods include nautilus, octopus and cuttlefish. http://www.australiancephalopods.com/

NAUTILUS LINKS OCTOPUS HOME ... EMAIL US Please wait for the clips to load Octopus Intelligence Reef Cuttlefish Cuttlefish Pulse Octopus Movement NAUTILUS OCTOPUS Research on Cephalopods The cephalopods include the octopus, nautilus, squid and cuttlefish that are the most highly developed of all invertebrate groups. This class of molluscs have well developed nervous system, brain and eyes, with octopus being the subject of experiments where they successfully solved problems. Most cephalopods 'live hard and die young' having fast growth rates and only a 1-3 year life-span. There are hundreds of cephalopod species worldwide in all undersea habitats, and surprisingly few inhabiting the coral reefs. Dr Mark Norman and Andy Dunstan, head the Undersea Explorer cephalopod project - a non profit study of Australian cephalopods funded by the Gro-Sea Foundation. Dr Norman has studied cephalopods throughout the Western Pacific and has commented on how little the group is known to science. He's personally discovered more than 100 new species, 44 of them in Australia. This project aims to look at octopus species and cuttlefish along the northern Great Barrier Reefs and at Osprey Reef in the Coral Sea. Included in the overall cephalopod project is the ongoing study of the nautilus population in the depths of Osprey Reef - a capture-record-tag-release program has been underway for five years.

6. Cephalopods At The National Museum Of Natural History Yes, it s a cephalopod! This squid and other cephalopods are featured in the Cephalopod pages maintained at the National Museum of Natural History! http://www.mnh.si.edu/cephs/

Cephalopods at the National Museum of Natural History Yes, it's a cephalopod! This squid and other cephalopods are featured in the Cephalopod pages maintained at the National Museum of Natural History! See the following links for more information on cephalopods. Current Classification of Recent Cephalopoda (a downloadable pdf file) Cephalopods in Action. This is a multimedia appendix to published papers, that features video clips of cephalopods filmed from submersibles. Included are: The list of publications The list of species featured in the videos, arranged as a taxonomic list, only relevant taxa included The newest action! Videos of the "Mystery Squid"! A more complete explanation of the purpose of these pages Introducing an interactive key to the families of the Decapodiformes. Try this, it's exciting! Bibliographic resources Cephalopod Online Bibliography Theses and Dissertations on Cephalopoda (a downloadable pdf file) Giant Squid pages Search for the giant squid Expedition to search for the giant squid off New Zealand, 1999 Expedition journals from the search for the giant squid off New Zealand, 1999 List of ... published records (a downloadable pdf file) This page was created by Jim Felley, Mike Vecchione, Clyde Roper, Mike Sweeney, and Tyler Christensen. If you have questions or comments, contact Mike Vecchione at

7. Earth, Wind & Water: Cephalopods Today is International Cephalopod Awareness Day so I humbly present my favourite photos of the various cephalopods I ve come across. http://tai-haku.blogspot.com/2007/10/cephalopods.html

skip to main skip to sidebar Monday, October 08, 2007 Cephalopods Today is International Cephalopod Awareness Day so I humbly present my favourite photos of the various cephalopods I've come across.... A bobtail from the Philippines.... A tiny Cuttlefish trying to convince me it is, in fact, a rock... A reef squid gets flashy in Egypt.... and finally a big red octopus... Posted by tai haku at 9:25 PM 2 comments: Cephalopodcast said... Thanks for participating in ICAD . Those bobtails are adorable. Who says cephs aren't cute? 12:36 AM tai haku said... my pleasure - thanks for coordinating! PS - yes they are! 1:36 AM Post a Comment Newer Post Older Post ... Home Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom) About Me tai haku is the nom-de-blog of a Scuba-diving, tree-planting, bird photographing nature fan living and blogging in a tropical paradise so you don't have to. View my complete profile Links and libraries My favourite Blogs My favourite Resources Themes, Memes and Greatest Hits Blog Archive Blog Archive Latest correspondence var numcomments = 5;var showcommentdate = false;var showposttitle = true;var numchars = 0;var standardstyling = true;

8. ADW: Cephalopoda: Information There are approximately 650 to 700 extant species of cephalopods in two subclasses and five orders. cephalopods are strictly marine and are found in all of http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Cephalopoda.html

Overview News Technology Conditions of Use ... Home Kingdom Animalia Phylum Mollusca Class Cephalopoda Class Cephalopoda octopuses and squids Information Pictures Specimens Classification editLink('skunkworks/.accounts/948113ed-0725-4ec7-aa3f-e92aeeadf227') 2008/01/20 03:06:08.430 US/Eastern By Kristen Wheeler and Daphne G. Fautin Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca Class: Cephalopoda Members of this Class There are approximately 650 to 700 extant species of cephalopods in two subclasses and five orders. Cephalopods are strictly marine and are found in all of the world's oceans. All cephalopods are carnivorous. The strong beak is at the entrance to the buccal cavity , on the floor of which lies the radula. There are two pairs of salivary glands , one of which may be poisonous. The digestive tract consists of three parts: esophagus , which may contain a crop; stomach , which mashes food; and caecum , where most digestion and absorption occur. The posterior portion of the caecum contains a diverticulum that serves as an ink gland, producing a suspension of melanin that can be expelled through the mantle cavity. Locomotion in cephalopods is accomplished mainly by jet propulsion. To close its mantle completely, a squid fits two cartilaginous ridges on the mantle wall into two cartilaginous grooves on the opposite funnel wall; contraction of circular muscles around the mantle cavity then forces water out the funnel. The funnel can be aimed, allowing the animal to change its direction. Locomotion in other cephalopods can be accomplished by other means. Octopoids can use their arms to "walk," and sepioids and teuthoids possess lateral fins that can propel the animal.

9. Fossil Cephalopods In Utah A Pictorial Guide to Fossil cephalopods found in Utah. http://www.ammonoid.com/

Utah Fossil Cephalopods Utah Fossil Cephalopods in Time Utah Fossil Cephalopods in Space Some Large Ammonites from Utah ... Fossil Cephalopod Links Latest Find: Cardioceras hyatti from the Redwater Member of the Stump Formation Under Utah Fossil Cephalopods you will see lists of Utah's fossil cephalopods in systematic, biostratigraphic and alphabetic form. There is also a list of references for information on the cephalopods from utahs rocks. Some of the more detailed pages of localities or faunas are linked from there. Under Utah Fossil Cephalopods in Time you will find a geologic time chart with links to the different Systems or Periods, from there, links to stages or biozones showing representative fossils from each stage or biozone can be found. Utah Fossil Cephalopods in Space has a map showing localities where I have found fossil cephalopods, and a few other maps that I am working on. Some Large Ammonites from Utah has pictures of the large (over 10", 250mm) I have found. A few of the localities I find fossils at are shown in Some Fossil Cephalopod Bearing Rocks . Some of my favorite Fossil Cephalopod Links are listed in the last section.

10. Flickr: Cephalopods - Octopus, Squids, Cuttlefish, Nautilus This group is intended for sharing your underwater photographs of marine creatures in the phylum mollusca, class cephalopoda (namely octopus, squids, http://www.flickr.com/groups/46801721@N00/

YAHOO.util.Event.addListener(window, 'load', F._window_onload); YAHOO.util.Event.addListener(window, 'resize', F._window_onresize); YAHOO.util.Event.addListener(window, 'blur', F._window_onblur); YAHOO.util.Event.addListener(window, 'focus', F._window_onfocus); YAHOO.util.Event.addListener(window, 'unload', F._window_onunload); You aren't signed in Sign In Help Home The Tour ... This Group's Discussions Cephalopods - Octopus, Squids, Cuttlefish, Nautilus Discussion Pool Map 196 Members Group Photo Pool See all 632 photos From bauble bauble From bauble bauble From Crazy-Clayz From Dermal Denticles From efdixon From Alucard (Dr.) More photos... Discuss (Or, browse all topics Title Author Replies Latest Post HiDef Macro Video w/cuttlefish www.ScubaMagazine.net 7 months ago New Lembeh Straits Critter Group www.ScubaMagazine.net 9 months ago New Group: Mollusca carissa.thomas

11. Cephalopods - National Zoo| FONZ Learn about a fascinating class of invertebrates that includes cuttlefish, squid, octopus, and nautilus. Brought to you by the National Zoo FONZ. http://nationalzoo.si.edu/Animals/Invertebrates/Facts/cephalopods/

Visit Hours Getting to the Zoo Zoo Map ... Humboldt Squid Fact Sheet Related Resources Octopus micropyrsus ) to giant squid ( Architeuthis ), some of which measure over 18 meters long. Although cephalopod species have many differences among them, they all share several common features: Habitat All cephalopods inhabit marine environments. There are no freshwater cephalopod species. Diet Cephalopods are strictly carnivorous. They all possess a hard beak used for defense and tearing prey. Most species hunt for prey, while some are scavengers. Life Span Generally, cephalopods grow quickly and have short life spans. Most live from one to two years, with the exception of the nautilus , which may live more than 15 years. Body Plan Appendages Three Hearts and Blue Blood Cephalopods usually have three hearts. Two hearts pump blood to the gills, and one central heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body. Cephalopod blood is blue because it binds oxygen using a blue, copper-containing protein called hemocyanin. Human blood is red because the oxygen-binding protein hemoglobin contains iron. Brain Cephalopods have the largest brains of any invertebrate, and species of octopus, squid, and cuttlefish are capable of learning and retaining information.

12. Cephalopods.html In marine environments, cephalopods clearly rank at the top of the Protostomes, in terms of size, intellegence, and trophic dominance. http://www.cco.caltech.edu/~brokawc/Bi11/cephalopods.html

Fish vs. Cephalopods In marine environments, cephalopods clearly rank at the top of the Protostomes, in terms of size, intellegence, and trophic dominance. At the top of the Deuterostomes are either the modern teleost fish or the marine mammals. For my purposes, I am going to use fish as the Deuterostome example, because they reflect a more primary adaptation to aquatic habitats, and occur in a wider range of sizes and habitats. (Competition between fish and marine mammals may be relevant to the more recent success of the teleosts, compared to other groups of fish, but that's a story for another day.) There are many similarities between cephalopods and fish that suggest that they are a prime example of convergent evolution driven by their competition for the same resources, in the same recent era. This view has been forcefully stated in the review article: "Cephalopods and Fish: the limits of convergence", A. Packard, Biological Reviews 47: 241-307 (1972). This article discusses "the remarkable fact that cephalopods are like fish in almost every feature except their basic anatomical plan." A contrasting view has been presented in: "The constraints on cephalopods: why squid aren't fish", R. K. O'Dor & D. M.Webber, Canadian Journal of Zoology, 64: 1591-1605 (1986). They summarize by saying: "Despite the functional similarities created by competition in the nekton, ... squid are no longer so much competing with fish as trying to stay out of their way."

13. Cephalopods In A Blanket, Educational Resources For K-16 cephalopods in a Blanket, Educational Resources for K16, Kentucky Geological Survey. http://www.uky.edu/KGS/education/ceph.htm

KGS Home Earth Science Education Cephalopods in a Blanket This recipe uses a variation of the old pigs-'n-a-blanket theme in order to make edible cephalopods. Cephalopods were squid-like animals that lived in shells. They were very common in Paleozoic-era seas. They would probably have tasted like calamari (a fancy name for squid to trick people into eating it), but what are your chances of getting a child to eat squid? You'll need: Crescent roll batter, in standard tube with precut dough works best Mustard and ketchup for eyes and enjoyment of the dogs Baking pan Knife Oven Preparation time: 30 to 45 minutes Recipe: 3. Bake in the oven according to the directions on the batter roll, usually until the dough is slightly golden. 4. Remove from the oven. If the "tentacles" haven't opened, open them up with a knife. 5. You can use your imagination for putting eyes on the cephalopod. The easiest way to do this is to place a drop of mustard on the side of the cephalopod first, and then put a dab of ketchup on a toothpick or the end of a fork, so as to place a smaller spot of red ketchup within the larger yellow circle of mustard. For regular-sized hot dogs, place the eye on the hot dog between the "tentacles" and the crescent-dough shell. For appetizer hot dogs there isn't enough room for the eye on the hot dog, so just put it on the crescent-dough shell. You can also slice an olive and pimento and attach with a dab of ketchup. 6. Eat and enjoy!

14. Live Cephalopod Resources Welcome to the Live Cephalopod Resources Page. Live healthy cephalopods are available yearround to both on-site visiting users as well as workers requiring http://www.utmb.edu/nrcc/LiveAnimRes.htm

National Resource Center for Cephalopods Home Table of Contents About the NRCC [ Live Animal Res ] Ceph Info Resources On-Site Facilities Allied Res. Prgms Photo/Video/Drawings Live Cephalopod Resources Species Available General Species Information Basics of Cephalopod Aquarium Husbandry Per Animal Charges Table of Per Animal Charges Packing and Shipping Charges To Order Welcome to the Live Cephalopod Resources Page. Live healthy cephalopods are available year-round to both on-site visiting users as well as workers requiring live healthy animals at their home facility. Please understand that the NRCC is first and foremost a university based research facility supported by National and State agencies to facilitate research and education efforts using cephalopod molluscs. Because of this we can supply live squids, cuttlefishes, octopuses and chambered Nautilus ONLY to bona-fide researchers officially affiliated with either Public or Private Institutions of Education or Research, educators and teachers at any level via their affiliated institution and Public Aquariums fulfilling their charters for public education. Regrettably, we cannot provide animals to the private sector targeting the home aquarium market. Thank you for your understanding. The cephalopod species the NRCC can provide are listed below. Click on a species name to find out more about it. For pricing of animals shipped to you, go to our

15. Polarized Signaling Underwater And The P-vision Of The Octopus As other cephalopods, they have chromatophores and iridescent cells forming special So, why is Pvision so prevalent in cephalopods? How do they do it? http://polarization.com/octopus/octopus.html

Home Vikings Bees Rainbow ... Space Undercover Underwater The case for polarized communication Some cephalopods can change the polarization of the skin and may use it for stealthy signaling The underwater world is polarized and many of its inhabitants are aware of it. They have polarization vision (P-vision). But can any of them actively control the polarization of light and use it for signaling? Maybe so. Moody and Parriss discovered P-vision in octopuses and soon after others found it in the rest of the octopods and decapods (sweet words in the ears of a shoemaker). Indeed, if you have eight or ten arms and a big head you've probably got P-vision. Could it be the secret of how the Giant Squid avoids encounters with eager underwater photographers? Nobody has yet been able to study those creatures of Jules Verne's nightmares, but their smaller relatives are much more amenable for experimentation (and a favorite of neuroscientists). The European Cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) is a relative of the squid with a calcified internal shell. They live in coastal waters throughout the Mediterranean Sea and eastern Atlantic from England to North Africa. They can be quite cute or cute-less, depending of the profile they show the camera (but beware of hurting their feelings: they may ink you), as seen in these photographs from the National Resource Center for Cephalopods , in Galveston, Texas.

16. Cephalopods All the recent cephalopod shells are composed of aragonitic layers prismatic layers, nacreous layers and spherulitic prismatic layers. http://biomin.geol.u-psud.fr/ydweb/cephalo/index.htm

Cephalopods All the recent cephalopod shells are composed of aragonitic layers : prismatic layers, nacreous layers and spherulitic prismatic layers. It must be noticed that the "prismatic" layers in Cephalopod shells are not similar to those of other Molluscs ; they are always aragonitic, and composed of small fibres, ressembling to the fibres of the coral skeletons. The outer layer of the outer wall is spherulitic prismatic in Nautilus and Sepia , and prismatic in Spirula . The nacreous middle layer is almost entirely organic in the Spirula shell, more or less mineralized in the Sepia shell. The inner layer is prismatic in the three genera. It may be supposed that the rostra of belemnites and other fossil Coleoids are hypertrophied outer spherulitic prismatic layers. 1- Recent Nautiloids 2- Fossil Nautiloids 3- Ammonoids 4- Recent Coleoids ... 6- References Return to Studied material Last Updated on 2 October 1997 by Dauphin

17. Cuttlefish: The Sentient Cephalopods This page includes a true story of humancuttlefish interaction, and several photographs. http://www.heptune.com/cutfish.html

The Cuttlefish of Sentosa by Brenna Lorenz Reproduction of any part of site without express permission is strictly prohibited. All photos of the cuttlefish of Sentosa are by Brenna Lorenz. South of the city of Singapore is an island called Sentosa. Sentosa has been converted into a tourist haven, and you can reach it by cable car. The most interesting attraction there, for us, was the aquarium. These cuttlefish live there in a huge floor-to-ceiling tank. When we first approached them, they were all lined up, hovering, facing us, watching the tourists. Some of them lurked back in the rocks, others were closer to the front of the tank, but all of them were facing the same direction. Except for the undulations of their fins and the languid posturing of their tentacles, they were motionless. Their bodies rippled with changing color patterns. We all stood and stared at them, and they stood and stared back at us. We found the positioning of their tentacles fascinating. It looked so purposeful. We speculated as to whether they were communicating among themselves with the color changes and the tentacle positions. One of us suggested that we try talking to them using our fingers as tentacles. Each of us came close to the glass, put our fingers in front of our faces, and arranged our fingers in gestures similar to theirs.

18. Cephalopods From Hawaii cephalopods of Hawaii. HAWAIIAN BOBTAIL SQUID. Euprymna scolopes. This fascinating critter is nocturnal and is only known from Hawaii. http://members.aol.com/uwphotohi/Cephalopods.html

Cephalopods of Hawaii HAWAIIAN BOBTAIL SQUID E uprymna scolopes This fascinating critter is nocturnal and is only known from Hawaii. Short Arm Sand Octopus Octopus sp. This little kown species so far has only been found on sand. The octopus to the left was hiding under the shell it's carrying, other juveniles have been found in miter shells. This larger one was found on sand peering out from a small hole under a piece of coral rubble. Long Arm Sand Octopus Octopus sp. This fascinating critter has been observed mimicing a snake eel, flat fish, and mantis shrimp. It will also evade capture by sacrificing one arm, cutting it off and porpelling it at its pursuer . Long Arm Night Octopus Ocotopus sp. This nocturnal species has been observed on shallow reef and in caves during the day. Day Octopus Octopus cyanea This widely known octopus is often taken by the local population and eaten or used as fishing bait. Night Octopus Octopus ornatus oval squid Sepiteuthis lessoniana Ron Holcom

19. IZ Facts - Cephalopods Giant squid are jet propelled as are all other cephalopods. They pull water into their mantle cavities and then squeeze it out through a funnel at the http://invertebrates.si.edu/cephalopods.htm

Can an octopus leave the water? Octopus, at least some species, on rare occasions reportedly can leave the water to hunt for food. Briareus , from the Florida Keys is one species claimed to crawl out of water, over rocks, and up walls. They remain out of the water only for a short period of time since they breathe using gills. What is the largest octopus? The largest octopus is the North Pacific giant octopus ( Octopus dofleini ). It lives in the Northeast and the Northwest Pacific Oceans and weighs about 15kg. Some of the largest ones weigh up to 50kg and measure up to 3-5 meters total length. How do octopuses reproduce? The male has a modified arm called a hectocotylus that he stretches out to the female and inserts into her mantle cavity. The arm transfers spermatophores from a storage sac into her mantle cavity near the oviduct where the eggs are fertilized. Shortly after the eggs hatch, the female dies. How does a giant squid eat? A giant squid has two long tentacles that make up much of the total length of the animal. Each tentacle terminates with a flattened club that has several hundred suckers on one side. The tentacles grab prey and transfer it to the 8 arms where the squid’s muscular, beak-like mouth bites out chunks to swallow. The food then travels down the esophagus, which runs through the squid’s brain. How big can a giant squid grow?

20. Cephalopoda@Everything2.com Nautilus Bioluminescence in cephalopods Colossal Squid The Five Kingdoms Tetrabranchiata blueringed octopus Dibranchiata squid http://everything2.com/index.pl?node=Cephalopoda

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