61. Gibraltar News By VOX; Rock Of Gibraltar Headlines; City Of Gibraltar News; Stra Gibraltar geology, posted by vox, Gibraltar News Features Gibraltar geology. land uplifts which also left behind raised beaches and cave formations, http://www.vox.gi/Features/Gibraltar_Geology-03112007.html

Home Rss/Atom Sitemap Contact Vox ... Log in - Register now (free) Local GGR Welcomes European Court Ruling Local "Gibraltar Still a Colony" Spain Tells UN Features Three, two, one all systems are... gone? Local The Foreign Affairs Committee Local The Civil Garrison Features Geology - Ground and Surface Water Supply Features Well What Do You Know? Local Informe Sobre la Cuestion de Gibraltar Films Alvin and the Chipmunks Features Advanced Local Politics Elections 2007 ... Features Gibraltar Geology Gibraltar Geology Vox Online News Sections Local Politics Finance Features ... Your Letters Poll: Sections Which section do you enjoy most? Local Politics Finance Features Vox View Interviews Profile Business-Law Rated Sport Entertainment Fun Zone Science-Technology Your Letters Poll Results Vox News Archive January February March April May June July August September October November December Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Email to a friend To: Bcc: Your email address: Message: Print version del.icio.us Digg this Did you enjoy this article? (total 4 votes) Related News Quaternary Geology (Part 2) Geology Physiography and Geology of the Rock Geology - Ground and Surface Water Supply ... Gibraltars’ Geological History Most Popular Today Spain’s New Threat to Gibraltar’s Retailers Open Letter To The President F.I.F.A.

62. IngentaConnect Radon Hazards, Geology, And Exposure Of Cave Users: A Case Study The study also demonstrates that there is variation both within and between caves as a result of subtleties of the bedrock geology, fault patterns, http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/els/01476513/2000/00000046/00000003/art919

var tcdacmd="dt"; Home About Ingenta Ingenta Labs Ingenta Blog ... Check our FAQs Or contact us to report problems with: Subscription access Article delivery Registration Library administrator tasks ... Other problems For Publishers Why go online? Why choose IngentaConnect? Beyond Print: enhancing your service Access and authentication ... Contact us For Researchers For Authors About IngentaConnect Search and browse Publications available ... Register For Librarians Resource Zone Why choose IngentaConnect? Why choose IngentaConnect Complete? Activating Subscriptions ... Register CM8ShowAd("HorizontalBanner"); Radon Hazards, Geology, and Exposure of Cave Users: A Case Study and Some Theoretical Perspectives Authors: Gillmore G.K.; Sperrin M.; Phillips P.; Denman A. Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety , Volume 46, Number 3, July 2000 , pp. 279-288(10) Publisher: Elsevier view table of contents Key: - Free Content - New Content - Subscribed Content - Free Trial Content CM8ShowAd("Skyscraper");

63. Karst Field Studies Emphasis is placed on the kinds of observation and measurements needed to interpret the control of geology on karst processes and cave patterns. http://caveandkarst.wku.edu/geology.htm

skip to: page content links on this page site navigation footer (site information) Center for Cave and Karst Studies - Western Kentucky University Webmail Topnet Employee Login Karst Geology Home About CCKS Karst Field Studies Products and Services ... Photo Gallery Detailed Information: Dye Tracing Electrical Resistivity Microgravity Cave Cartography ... WKU Homepage Media and Publications: Recent Events Professional Submissions Staff Information Specializing in solving environmental problems associated with karst landscapes. Karst Geology Mammoth Cave, Kentucky June 10-16 A study of the origin, hydrology, and patterns of caves and other karst features from the standpoint of rock types, geologic structures, water chemistry, and the evolution of the surface landscape. Emphasis is placed on the kinds of observation and measurements needed to interpret the control of geology on karst processes and cave patterns. The geology and origin of Mammoth Cave serves as a reference point of discussions of caves and karst of various kinds throughout the world. Students must be in excellent physical condition. Previous caving experience is highly recommended but not required. Participants should have at least one previous course in geology, although the appropriate concepts will be reviewed during the Karst Geology course. Registration: Graduate, Undergraduate or Workshop

64. Medvednica Nature Park - Nature - Geology - Veternica Cave Most findings from Veternica cave are currently deposited in the Institute for Quarter geology and palaeontology of Croatian Academy of Science and Art http://www.pp-medvednica.hr/Medvednica_en/Medvednica_priroda_geologija3_en.htm

hrvatski Nature Geology Home ... Site map Veternica cave BACK Veternica cave is located in southwest part of Medvednica, above village Gornji Stenjevec. The distance from the center of Zagreb is less than 9 km. It is protected as a geomorphologic monument of nature since 1979. Veternica – a view from the inside Since 1950's Zagreb 's cavers have continuously been exploring the cave and drawing maps of the underground corridors. Total length up to now explored passages is 7104 m, and the length of the main passage is 2622 m. Total altitude difference is over 200 m. Veternica – caver Geology Why was Veternica cave formed exactly in this part of Medvednica ? Southwestern part of Medvednica is a karst area, and in that way it reminds of southern Dinaric region of Croatia . Like other karst regions this area is built of limestone and limestone similar rock called dolomites. Water easily dissolves these rocks and causes the formation of different surface and underground karst shapes. Veternica cave was formed during Pleistocene, which begun 1.8 million years ago, and ended about 10.000 years ago. In the Pleistocene era glacial and interglacial periods exchanged. Veternica cave was formed by water sinking in Ponikve area along the rock fissures in the northwest – southeast direction. Water has found the easiest path in the underground, and has flown on the contact of two types of rocks: lithothamnium limestone and dolomites underneath it.

65. Wiley InterScience :: Session Cookies Your browser may not have a PDF reader available. Google recommends visiting our text version of this document. http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/gea.20179

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66. Geology, Geomorphology And Cave Development geology, Geomorphology And cave Development in the Xin Long Area, Sichuan Province, China. 1994 Yangtze Gorges Expedition. http://homepage.mac.com/brianjudd/cavedive/china/china94/maps/skmap/skmap.html

1994 Yangtze Gorges Expedition Geology, Geomorphology and Cave Development China Caves Project XIN LONG AREA Kev Senior The village of Xin Long is situated approximately 35km south of the Jiang Chang (Yangtze River) and the city of Fengjie. The limestone hills around the village rise to nearly 1800 metres and the continental climate is dominated by cold northerly winds in winter and stormy, humid tropical weather from the southeast in the summer. Average precipitation is between 1500 and 2000 mm with most falling in the summer months often during severe storms. Long periods of drought can occur and we were fortunate to visit the area during one of its longer dry spells because cave exploration was much safer. Temperatures reached 42C in Chongqing with high humidity, but at Xin Long humidity was lower and temperatures a more comfortable 30C. From Map: Kev Senior The huge thickness of finely laminated limestones have tended to respond to the tectonic stresses by folding and kinking at the axes and without developing an extensive joint system. For example, along the anticline which houses the downstream Xio Zhai Tian Ken cave, the only persistant joints are those which follow the fold axis and these provide the only route for vadose water. The northern limb of the fold affectively 'seals' the cave waters from the Jiu Pan He which flows in a syncline at a much lower altitude only a kilometre to the north. Where joints and faults do occur across fold limbs, they are the controls for river capture through the limb as has occured at the Mie Gong He gorge.

67. Anvil Point To Blackers Hole Cave, Isle Of Purbeck, Near Swanage - Geology Of Th Anvil Point to Fisherman s Ledge to Blackers Hole cave, Isle of Purbeck, near Swanage geology of the Wessex Coast (including the UNESCO Dorset and East http://www.soton.ac.uk/~imw/Anvil-Point-Blackers-Hole.htm

West, Ian M. 2007. Anvil Point to Fisherman's Ledge to Blackers Hole Cave, Isle of Purbeck, near Swanage - Geology of the Wessex Coast (including the UNESCO Dorset and East Devon World Heritage Coast - Jurassic Coast). Internet site: www.soton.ac.uk/~imw/Anvil-Point-Blackers-Hole.htm. School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton University, UK. Version: 18th September 2007 School of Ocean and Earth Science National Oceanography Centre, Southampton Website written at Romsey, Hampshire, and hosted by Information Systems Services Southampton University ... Swanage Online Society Anvil Point is in the eastern part of a dramatic stretch of the Portland limestone coastline of the Isle of Purbeck, stretching from Durlston Head to St. Aldhelm's Head . It has long been quarried at Tilly Whim Caves, Dancing Ledge Seacombe and Winspit . It provides excellent exposures of the Portland Stone and the basal Purbeck Formation. The cliffs are superb for geologists and also for walkers. They are very well-known to rock climbers. The Portland Stone contains chert beds with sponge spicules, giant ammonites, serpulid worm tubes and shell-sand limestones, the quarried beds, with rich bivalve assemblages and the giant ammonite Titanites anguiformis . The coast has special geomorphological problems including a hanging dry valleys and an old coastal bevel. It also, incidently, has an interesting history. The Tilly Whim caves are old quarries of the Napoleonic War

68. Hong Meigui Cave Exploration Society :: Karst Geology In China The following information about karst geology was prepared by Mr. Chen from the Guilin Karst Institute for tourists visiting Wulong Karst National http://www.hongmeigui.net/articles.php?article=geology-karst

69. Geology Of The Malmesbury District - CAVE, R geology of the Malmesbury District; cave, R. Offered by Keogh s Books, Secondhand Antiquarian. http://www.antiqbook.co.uk/boox/keogh/31899.shtml

ANTI Q BOOK Search Antiqbook Ask a question or Order this book Browse our books ... Book dealer info CAVE, R Geology of the Malmesbury District published by Her Majesty's Stationaery Office, London, 1977. 0118812424. viii, 343 pages with appendix and index at the end of the book, includes contributions by other scientist, many black and white diagrams, pull - out geology maps some of which are coloured, some colour and black and white photographs. First Edition, previous owner's name in black stamp on the front free end paper, the book is in near fine condition, dustwrapper is in good condition, small tears at the head of the spine, front cover corners bumped, orange cloth with black titles, approximately 25 x 16 cm, Hardback. GBP 20.00 = appr. US$ 40.56 Offered by: - Book number: 31899 Hundreds of the world's finest antiquarian and used booksellers offer their books on Antiqbook. They offer full satisfaction and normal prices - no markups, no hidden costs, no overcharged shipping costs. 7 million books at your fingertips! Search all books at Antiqbook

70. Science Links Japan | Geomorphology,geology And The Cave System In Rashomon. (Bo Title;Geomorphology,geology and the cave system in Rashomon. (Board of Education,Niimi City S). Author;SHIBATA AKIRA(Okayamakenniimikitako) MORITA http://sciencelinks.jp/j-east/article/200005/000020000500A0055812.php

Sitemap Home Opinions Press Releases ... Rashomon Shizen Kankyo Hogo. Hozen Chosa Hokokusho. Heisei 11nen(1999) Geomorphology,geology and the cave system in Rashomon. (Board of Education,Niimi City S). Accession number; Title; Geomorphology,geology and the cave system in Rashomon. (Board of Education,Niimi City S). Author; SHIBATA AKIRA(Okayamakenniimikitako) MORITA MASARU(Osaka Kyoiku Univ.) MASUHO EISAKU(Osaka Kyoiku Univ., Graduate School, JPN) HIRATA MINORU(Okayama Univ., Fac. of Sci.) INOUE YASUSHI(Okayama Univ., Fac. of Sci.) ITO KEI(Okayama Univ., Fac. of Sci.) Journal Title; Rashomon Shizen Kankyo Hogo. Hozen Chosa Hokokusho. Heisei 11nen Journal Code: ISSN: VOL. NO. PAGE. FIG.15, REF.13 Pub. Country; Japan Language; Japanese Abstract; BACK About J-EAST How to use List of Publications ... FAQ

71. SUSS Bull 38(4) - Spider Cave - Geology geology. Ian Cooper. Spider cave is contained within the Late Silurian (415410 million years old) Jenolan caves Limestone. This limestone is a composite http://www.ee.usyd.edu.au/suss/Bulls/38(4)/geology.html

Geology Ian Cooper Spider Cave is contained within the Late Silurian (415-410 million years old) Jenolan Caves Limestone. This limestone is a composite unit with a thickness of 235m at Caves House (Allan 1986). Stratigraphy in vicinity of Spider Cave is as follows: Age Unit Name Rocktype(s) Thickness (m) Siluro-Devonian Jenolan Beds Cleaved, purple shale and mudstone, rhyolitic ignimbrite and felsic volcaniclastic sediments. Late Silurian Jenolan Caves Limestone Bedded shaly limestone Massive rudaceous limestone with coral, stromataporoid, crinoid and shell fragments Massive grey muddy limestone Finely bedded muddy limestone with increasing shale interbeds towards base Unconformity or Disconformity Ordovician Rockley Volcanics Black siliceous mudstone with radiolaria; mafic volcanilithic sandstone and local andesite (Caves House Andesite) The limestone is interpreted to represent a shallow marine shelf with coarser reworked detritus, derived from small reefs. Spider Cave is developed in the three lowermost units of the Jenolan Caves Limestone. ) is also folded by these folds.

72. Geotimes - February 2004 - French Caves Travels in geology February 2004 To reward your long week of cave crawling and volcano traipsing, Padirac. Read more Travels in geology. Back to top http://www.geotimes.org/feb04/Travels0204.html

Travels in Geology February 2004 Cave crawling in France Long before the Louvre housed its first painting, before Caesar conquered the Gauls, before humans first fermented the grape to make wine, even before prehistoric people ever daubed paint on a cave wall, France began to roll over a hotspot. Formerly submerged areas of southwestern France were uplifted, exposing vast swathes of continental shelf and shoreline to the ravages of weather and volcanism. Beginning at the edge of the old limestone continental shelf, the geologically inclined traveler can trek all the way to the granite of the continent proper, taking in everything along the way from cave paintings to volcanoes to the excellent local wines. For the full trip, it will take about a week to 10 days. Renting a car is essential to this geologic adventure, as some of the distances between major destinations are long. Once you've arrived in an area, however, bicycling is the ideal way to scout out the local geology. Many lovely hotels as well as bed and breakfasts rent rooms in the larger towns, or you can stay at the ubiquitous campsites scattered throughout the region. If you do decide to camp, bring gear for all weather, as the climate is variable and, even in the summer, can vacillate from hot and dry to cold and rainy from one day to the next. One of the most impressive caves is Font de Gaume . A limestone cave carved by water, it is one of the last caves with colored paintings that is still open to the public. Running bison, wild horses and the famous kissing deer fantastically adorn the walls.

73. Underground Wonders Limestone makes up the majority of caves in the United States. . related to caves, including cave biology and ecology, cave archaeology and geology. http://www.riverdeep.net/current/2001/12/121001_caves.jhtml

December 10, 2001 Rock and Water More than 335 miles of accessible passages make Mammoth Cave in Kentucky the world's longest cave. Lechuguilla Cave, part of Carlsbad Caverns in New Mexico, is the nation's deepest at 1,567 feet. Together, these two caves attract more than 2,000,000 visitors annually. What natural processes make caves so fascinating? The most common caves are solution caves. They form when soluble carbonate rock, such as limestone, dolomite, marble, or gypsum, is dissolved by groundwater. Limestone makes up the majority of caves in the United States. In addition to soluble carbonate rock, two additional factors must be present for caves to form. First, rainwater seeps through cracks in the bedrock, absorbing carbon dioxide (CO ) from the atmosphere, decaying leaves, and soil on the way. The CO

74. City Of Austin - EcoWeb Tour: Geology Spider web title The Web of Life, cave formations links to geology geology is essential to learning about the ecosystem of the Bull Creek Nature http://www.ci.austin.tx.us/water/geology.htm

Options Directory Departments FAQ ... Contact Us Previous Home Next Spanish explorer Bernardo de Miranda y Flores struck out across the Texas Hill Country in 1756, writing of the "hills and rocks and thickets of cedar and oak" as he crossed what he called "los Balcones." The name (pronounced bal-COH-nees) was a reference to the dramatic stair-step terrain of the region that resembled a series of rising balconies. Today, the Balcones Canyonlands remain a unique classroom for the study of the history and structure of the earth known as geology. Geology is essential to learning about the ecosystem of the Bull Creek Nature Preserve. Geological features, both above and below ground, significantly affect the habitat of species. For instance, prime golden-cheeked warbler habitat can often be found in steep-sided canyons dotted with natural springs or seeps. In addition, six of the eight endangered species protected by the conservation plan are small and highly specialized karst invertebrates adapted to living underground in caves. The term "karst" is of German origin and describes a type of landscape characterized by the dissolution of limestone forming caves, sinkholes, springs, and underground streams. The limestone in our area, including the rock upon which one hikes in the Bull Creek Nature Preserve, was formed during the Cretaceous Period over millions of years when the area was covered by advancing and retreating shallow seas. The natural steps that can be seen along the trails at Bull Creek are formed by layers of solid limestone and marl. Marl is a softer, clay-containing limestone that crumbles and erodes easily, collapsing underneath the solid layers that lose support and fall, creating a stair. On a larger scale, this process is responsible for the stair-step terrain of the Hill Country.

75. Geology Geography (E) Your browser may not have a PDF reader available. Google recommends visiting our text version of this document. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/reprint/139/3555/635-a.pdf

76. Nearctica - Geology - Caves And Karst Topography A segment of this site is a slide show of pictures and information on the caves of Indiana. It is an excellent introduction to the karst geology of Indiana http://www.nearctica.com/geology/gcave.htm

Caves and Karst Topography Special Segments Butterflies of North America Conifers of North America Eastern Birds List of N.A. Insects Home Eastern Wildflowers General Topics Natural History Ecology Family Environment Evolution Home Education Home Conservation Geophysics Paleontology Commercial Organizations Return to Geology Main Page Karst is a distinctive landscape topography largely formed by the dissolving of carbonate bedrocks such as limestone, dolomite, or marble by water. This geological process results in unusual surface and subsurface features ranging from sinkholes, vertical shafts, disappearing streams, and springs, to complex underground drainage systems and caves. The most famous of these features are caves. A speleothem is a technical term for any of the formations found in caves such as stalagmites, stalactites, columns, cave pearls, and so forth. Although caves are commonly associated with limestone and karst, not all caves are formed this way. Some famous caves are lava tubes. A lava tube is an underground conduit for magma that later drains and becomes an underground tunnel. Caves can be formed by other geological processes which you can find in some of the links listed below. For the record: Stalactite - Hangs down.

77. Geology: ECB Surf Report Park geology Tour, from the National Park Service, allows you to choose geologic featurescaves, glaciers, volcanoes-and then virtually tour national parks http://explore.ecb.org/surf/surf_report?subject=42

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