21. Artificial Intelligence To Appear, Van Nostrand Scientific Encyclopedia, Ninth E artificial intelligence home entry, Van Nostrand Scientific Encyclopedia, Ninth Edition, Wiley, New York, 2002. http://www.cs.indiana.edu/~leake/papers/p-01-07/p-01-07.html

Artificial Intelligence David B. Leake Indiana University To appear, Van Nostrand Scientific Encyclopedia , Ninth Edition, Wiley, New York, 2002. Introduction AI is a young fieldeven its name, ``artificial intelligence,'' was only coined in 1956. One of the challenges for AI has been to determine which tasks to studywhat constitutes an ``AI question''and how to evaluate progress. Much early AI research focused on tasks commonly thought to require high intelligence in people, such as playing high-quality chess. Skeptics viewed this as an impossible assignment, but AI made rapid progress. By the 1960's, programs were capable of tournament play. In 1997, in a landmark match, the chess system Deep Blue defeated Gary Kasparov, the world's human chess champion for the previous twelve years. At the same time, however, AI research was illuminating the enormous difficulty of commonsense tasks that people take for granted, such as understanding stories or conversations. Developing programs that can deal at a human level with rich everyday reasoning remains a fundamental research challenge. The first half-century of AI has yielded a wide range of results. AI research has illuminated the nature of reasoning problems, and the fundamental requirements for intelligent systems. AI research in the area of

22. SRI's Artificial Intelligence Center Founded in 1966, the artificial intelligence Center is one of the world s foremost centers of research in AI. http://www.ai.sri.com/

Search Contact SRI Home [Shakey] NEWS Thu Jan 24 2008 Latest News Item: more...!! Next AIC Seminar: more... Debugging Reinvented: Asking and Answering Why and Why Not Questions about Program Behavior , by Andy Ko, on Thu Jan 31 Did You Know?: Douglas Engelbart invented the computer mouse while at SRI BACKGROUND About the AIC Contact Us Join the AIC Visiting the AIC ... Search the AIC site PEOPLE Research Staff Visitors Facilities Staff Administrative Staff RESEARCH Research Programs Projects Publications Software ACHIEVEMENTS AIC Timeline Video Archives Published Books AIC News Items ... Shakey EVENTS AIC Seminars Richard Waldinger's Coffee STAR Lab Seminars CSLI Events ... MIT Club of N. Calif. SRI LINKS SRI Home Page About SRI Technology Careers at SRI SRI International is a nonprofit corporation.

23. Artificial Intelligence, AI, Artificial Intelligence History At LiveScience.com LiveScience.com explains artificial intelligence,ai,artificial intelligence history,ai artificial intelligence and artificial intelligence software. http://www.livescience.com/artificialintelligence/

Artificial Intelligence AI, or artificial intelligence, is a division of computer science that explores intelligent behavior, learning and adaptation in machines. The idea of automating tasks that currently require intelligent behavior is the basis for most research in the field of artificial intelligence. Providing solutions to real life problems through the production of artificial intelligence software or machines is the ultimate goal. Artificial intelligence systems have many practical uses in business, from organizing operations to investing in stocks. Many of these applications are made up of networks similar to the neurons in a human brain, which are known to do extremely well in pattern recognition. The attacks on 9/11 have brought about much renewed interest and funding for artificial intelligence research. New research in threat-detection, including machine vision research and data-mining, is aimed at helping to solidify our nation’s security. Other examples of how artificial intelligence is used include software applications and spam filtering solutions. The development of traditional strategy games like computer chess and other video games also use AI. For more information on artificial intelligence, choose from the articles and other interactive features below.

24. Artificial Intelligence At Georgia Tech We ve moved. http://www.cc.gatech.edu/ai/

We've moved

25. Artificial Intelligence artificial intelligence. AI @ ScienceDirect. 2007 Volumes 171; 2006 Volumes 170; 2005 Volumes 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169; 2004 Volumes http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/journals/ai/index.html

Artificial Intelligence AI @ ScienceDirect 2007: Volumes 2006: Volumes 2005: Volumes 2004: Volumes 2003: Volumes 2002: Volumes 2001: Volumes 2000: Volumes 1999: Volumes 1998: Volumes 1997: Volumes 1996: Volumes 1995: Volumes 1994: Volumes 1993: Volumes 1992: Volumes 1991: Volumes 1990: Volumes 1989: Volumes 1988: Volumes 1987: Volumes 1986: Volumes 1985: Volumes 1984: Volumes 1983: Volumes 1982: Volumes 1981: Volumes 1980: Volumes 1979: Volume 1978: Volumes 1977: Volumes 1976: Volume 1975: Volume 1974: Volume 1973: Volume 1972: Volume 1971: Volume 1970: Volume DBLP: [ Home Author Title Conferences ... Journals Thu Jan 24 19:30:04 2008 by Michael Ley ley@uni-trier.de

26. WP Theme: Artificial Intelligence | Wordpress Themes - WP Theme, Plugin, Resourc Ported over Artifical Intelligence from Solucija requested by emporia. The header structure doesn t quite fit a typical Wordpress blog, so I couldn t find. http://ericulous.com/2007/02/09/wp-theme-artificial-ntelligence/

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27. GameDev.net -- Artificial Intelligence Gamedev.net is the leading resource for game developers, featuring daily news updates, over 1500 featured articles and tutorials, dozens of game development http://www.gamedev.net/reference/list.asp?categoryid=18

28. Artificial Intelligence --  Britannica Online Encyclopedia Britannica online encyclopedia article on artificial intelligence the ability of a digital computer or computercontrolled robot to perform tasks commonly http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9009711

var britAdCategory = "other"; Already a member? LOGIN Encyclopædia Britannica - the Online Encyclopedia Home Blog Advocacy Board ... Free Trial Britannica Online Content Related to this Topic This Article's Table of Contents Introduction What is intelligence? Learning Reasoning Problem solving ... Language Methods and goals in AI Symbolic vs. connectionist approaches Strong AI, applied AI, and cognitive simulation Alan Turing and the beginning of AI Theoretical work Chess The Turing test Early milestones in AI The first AI programs Evolutionary computing Logical reasoning and problem solving English dialogue ... Other neural networks Nouvelle AI New foundations The situated approach Is strong AI possible? Additional Reading ... Print this Table of Contents Linked Articles instinctual behaviour human intelligence Shopping New! Britannica Book of the Year The Ultimate Review of 2007. 2007 Britannica Encyclopedia Set (32-Volume Set) Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. New! Britannica 2008 Ultimate DVD/CD-ROM The world's premier software reference source. artificial intelligence (AI) Page 1 of 31 the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot Special Offer!

29. Artificial Intelligence And Cognitive Science At The University Of Georgia artificial intelligence and Cognitive Computing at the University of Georgia. http://www.ai.uga.edu/

UGAMAIL My UGa UGa Libraries UGa News ... CNET News Using computers to model and extend the human mind... The University of Georgia has always seen cognitive science as an interdisciplinary field where computer science intersects with philosophy psychology linguistics engineering , and other fields. This comprises both classical artificial intelligence , which focuses on getting computers to behave intelligently, and newer approaches to cognitive computing , where the computer is seen as an extension rather than a model of the human mind. The Artificial Intelligence Center is an interdepartmental research and instructional center within the Franklin College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Georgia Strengths include logic programming, expert systems, neural nets, genetic algorithms, natural language processing, and computational psycholinguistics. The Artificial Intelligence Center houses two degree programs, the Master of Science program in Artificial Intelligence and the bachelor's degree program in Cognitive Science.

30. Master Artificial Intelligence (MSc) - Artificial Intelligence Informatie over de Engelstalige master artificial intelligence. http://www.studeren.uva.nl/ma-artificial-intelligence

Home Opleidingen Voorlichting Waarom de UvA? ... Medewerkers zoeken Artificial Intelligence Information February 28, 2008 Voorlichtingsavond b¨ta-masters read more... Published November 16, 2005 Admission criteria Admissions information (Dutch) Type of master Master Language of instruction English Length of programme Two years Title Master of Science (MSc) Master Artificial Intelligence (MSc) The primary focus in the field of Artificial Intelligence is on development and understanding of intelligent computational processes for the benefit of both creating useful artefacts and of helping better understand human intelligence. The MSc programme in Artificial Intelligence consists of four tracks; graduates receive an MSc degree in Artificial Intelligence. Students are advised to make a choice for one of these tracks early and to register for the track of their choice straight away if possible. Tracks in Artificial Intelligence: Forensic Intelligence (MSc) Gaming (MSc) Intelligent Systems (MSc) Learning Systems for Language, Knowledge and Speech (MSc) For information about the tracks, please follow the links below.

31. Artificial Intelligence [Internet Encyclopedia Of Philosophy] artificial intelligence (AI) would be the possession of intelligence, or the exercise of thought, by machines such as computers. http://www.iep.utm.edu/a/art-inte.htm

Artificial Intelligence Artificial intelligence A complication arises if humans are animals and if animals are themselves machines, as scientific biology supposes. Still, "we wish to exclude from the machines” in question “men born in the usual manner" (Alan Turing), or even in unusual manners such as in vitro fertilization or ectogenesis. And if nonhuman animals think, we wish to exclude them from the machines, too. More particularly, the AI thesis should be understood to hold that thought, or intelligence, can be produced by artificial means; made, not grown. For brevity’s sake, we will take “machine” to denote just the artificial ones. Since the present interest in thinking machines has been aroused by a particular kind of machine, an electronic computer or digital computer, present controversies regarding claims of artificial intelligence center on these. Table of Contents (Clicking on the links below will take you to those parts of this article) 1. Thinkers, and Thoughts a. What Things Think? b. Thought: Intelligence, Sentience, and Values 2. The Turing Test ... 6. References and Further Reading 1. Thinkers, and Thoughts Back to Table of Contents a. What Things Think?

32. The A. L. I. C. E. Artificial Intelligence Foundation - Chatbot - Chat Bot - Cha The ALICE AI Foundation promotes the adoption of the ALICE and AIML free open source software for chatrobots, chat robots, chatterbots or chatterboxes, http://www.alicebot.org/

@import "http://www.alicebot.org/all.css"; AC_VHost_Embed_1138(135,180,'FFFFFF',1,1,38629,0,0,0,'4e077f05c749c259305fe1b02c797524',6); Promoting the development and adoption of ALICE and AIML Free Software Free Live Chat: with the award winning A. I. chat robot A. L. I. C. E. Get Started Chat with A.L.I.C.E. Chat with GOD What is AIML? Foundation Bot Directory ... AIML Overview Software Downloads Bot Hosting AIML Sets AIML Working Draft ... Superbot - New! Links ESL Books Film and TV Recent Press ... Scholarly Research and Teaching Resources News Articles News Archive ALICE Mailing Lists ... ALICE Brain Picture Gallery Chatbot Industry Survey AIML Bots AIML Spinoffs Non-AIML Bots Chat Robot Patents ... Chat Robot Communities Contests and Communities The Loebner Prize The Chatterbox Challenge Robitron Discussion The World Chatterbots Challenge AIML Forums Alicebot Botworld AI Nexus Forum AI Dreams Forum ... Virtual Humans Forum A.L.I.C.E. and AIML Chat Robot News Tip: If you want to comment on any of these news items, visit AliceBot.BlogSpot.Com Pandorabots Second Life Update November 28, 2007

33. Bush Undercuts American Credibility, Again. - By Fred Kaplan - Slate Magazine 16, 2008; artificial intelligence President Bush s cavalier dismissal of the NIE undermines our credibility, again. Fred Kaplan posted Jan. http://www.slate.com/id/2182071/fr/rss/

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34. Welcome To The Books Of Patrick Henry Winston And Friends Patrick H. Winston, (co)author of On To Java, Third Edition , On To Smalltalk , On To C++ , On To C , artificial intelligence, and Lisp presents his http://people.csail.mit.edu/phw/Books/

Books by Patrick Henry Winston and Friends On To Java, Third Edition On To Smalltalk On To C++ On To C ... Lisp Textbooks in the On To Series On To Java, Third Edition Sundar Narasimhan, Coauthor Now available on-line as well as in hard copy Known Bugs Software: you can obtain the software by cutting and pasting from the on-line edition Available from Amazon.com On To Smalltalk About the Book Table of Contents Preview Available from Amazon.com Software is no longer on line for this book, but given sufficient interest, the entire book will be put on line, in the same form as On To Java On To C++ About the Book Table of Contents Preview Available from Amazon.com Software is no longer on line for this book, but given sufficient interest, the entire book will be put on line, in the same form as On To Java On To C About the Book Table of Contents Preview Available from Amazon.com Software is no longer on line for this book, but given sufficient interest, the entire book will be put on line, in the same form as On To Java Other Textbooks Artificial Intelligence, Third Edition

35. Artificial Intelligence Beyond the Future Inventor and futurist Ray Kurzweil was online to answer your questions about the Singularity theory an era where humans and technology http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/discussion/2006/06/14/DI20060614020

var SA_Message="SACategory=" + 'liveonline/special/10'; Hello Change Preferences Sign Out Sign In Register Now ... Pets SEARCH: washingtonpost.com Web Search Archives washingtonpost.com Live Discussions Special Reports ... E-Mail This Article RSS News Feeds Top News Live Discussions What is RSS? All RSS Feeds Transcripts: Related News: Tech Frontiers Science Transcript Artificial Intelligence When Humans Transcend Biology Ray Kurzweil Futurist, Inventor and Author Monday, June 19, 2006; 2:00 PM Inventor and futurist Ray Kurzweil was online Monday, June 19 at 2 p.m. ET to answer your questions about Artificial Intelligence. In his latest book, "The Singularity Is Near," he examines the next step of the evolutionary process: the union of human and machine, in which knowledge and skills embedded in our brains will be combined with greater capacity, speed and knowledge-sharing ability. (Courtesy of Kurzweil Technologies, Inc) Tag This Discussion Saving options 1. Save to description Headline (required) Subheadline Byline 2. Save to notes (255 character max): Subheadline Blurb None Tag This Discussion setTimeout('update_delicious_form(delicious_cookie)',1)

36. AI Lab, University Of Zurich artificial intelligence Laboratory, University of Zurich artificial intelligence Laboratory, Institute of Informatics, University of Zurich, http://www.ifi.uzh.ch/ailab/

People Projects Robots Publications ... Lab Tours Address (map) AI Laboratory Department of Informatics University of Zurich Andreasstrasse 15 8050 Zurich SWITZERLAND Contact: Claudia Wirth Tel.: +41 44 635 43 53 Fax: +41 44 635 45 07 wirth at ifi.unizh.ch Internal wiki Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, University of Zurich Item 1 Title Item 1 Description Item 1 Title Item 1 Description Item 1 Title Item 1 Description News Brain Science Podcast: Rolf Pfeifer discusses Embodied Intelligence Self-Organization, Embodiment, and Biologically Inspired Robotics Science anniversary of the AI Lab Program [PDF] Book: How the Body Shapes the Way We Think A New View of Intelligence Rolf Pfeifer and Josh C. Bongard Foreword by Rodney Brooks, MIT Press 2007. Rolf Pfeifer and Josh Bongard demonstrate that thought is not independent of the body but is tightly constrained, and at the same time enabled, by it. They argue that the kinds of thoughts we are capable of have their foundation in our embodimentin our morphology and the material properties of our bodies. Reviews: Nature, 24 May 2007, No.447, pp.381-382

37. Artificial Intelligence Originating in artificial intelligence with the study of robot learning and models of natural learning, it has led to spinoffs like neural and evolutionary http://www.ai.cse.unsw.edu.au/

[an error occurred while processing this directive] [an error occurred while processing this directive] Home People Publications AI Seminars ... Contact Artificial Intelligence Key Areas: The following are the main research areas in our group. There are many other areas of interest persued by individual researchers - please consult their respective home pages for more details. Knowledge Acquisition : Knowledge Acquisition is concerned with the development of knowledge bases based on the expertise of a human expert. This requires to express knowledge in a formalism suitable for automatic interpretation. Within this field, research at UNSW focusses on incremental knowledge acquisition techniques, which allow a human expert to provide explanations of their decisions that are automatically integrated into sophisticated knowledge bases. Knowledge Representation and Reasoning : Knowledge representation and reasoning deals with the formal aspects of representing and modelling problem domains and then reasoning with these representations. A key focus is the tradeoff between the expressiveness of the representation and the complexity of the associated reasoning algorithms. Machine Learning : Machine learning is the computational approach to learning from data. Originating in artificial intelligence with the study of robot learning and models of natural learning, it has led to spin-offs like neural and evolutionary computation, data mining, learning theory and program synthesis. The techniques have been applied in just about every current data-intensive area of activity.

38. BBC - Science & Nature - Hot Topics - Artificial Intelligence (AI) We often don t notice it, but artificial intelligence (AI) is all around us. It is present in computer games, in the cruise control in our cars and the http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/hottopics/ai/

@import '/includes/tbenh.css'; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index 24 January 2008 Accessibility help Text only Animals Prehistoric Life ... BBC Homepage In Hot Topics Alcohol Animal experiments Artificial Intelligence ... Contact Us Like this page? Send it to a friend! You are here: BBC Hot Topics HOT TOPICS Updated November : 16 : 2004 Artificial Intelligence (AI) Contents Key points What is AI? Man and machine Robot future Key points We often don't notice it, but artificial intelligence (AI) is all around us. It is present in computer games, in the cruise control in our cars and the servers that route our email. The world's most powerful supercomputer can carry out 100 trillion operations per second, which some scientists believe could be approaching the processing power of the human brain. Machines have always excelled at tasks like calculation. But they can now challenge humans on everything from chess to football to mixing music. Rogue robot In June 2002, a robot called Gaak gave an alarming demonstration of its independence. It made a dash for freedom from an exhibit at the Magna science centre in Rotherham. Gaak crept along a barrier until it found a gap and squeezed through. Having left the building, it reached Magna’s exit by the M1 motorway before it was rumbled. Gaak What is AI?

39. Artificial Intelligence Authors/titles Recent Submissions artificial intelligence. Authors and titles for recent submissions Subjects artificial intelligence (cs.AI); Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO) http://arxiv.org/list/cs.AI/recent

arXiv.org cs cs.AI Search or Article-id Help Advanced search All papers Titles Authors Abstracts Full text Help pages Artificial Intelligence Authors and titles for recent submissions Tue, 22 Jan 2008 Tue, 15 Jan 2008 Thu, 10 Jan 2008 Wed, 9 Jan 2008 ... Fri, 4 Jan 2008 [ total of 7 entries: [ showing up to 25 entries per page: fewer more Tue, 22 Jan 2008 arXiv:0801.3147 (cross-list from cs.DS) [ ps pdf other Title: From k-SAT to k-CSP: Two Generalized Algorithms Authors: Liang Li Xin Li Tian Liu Ke Xu Subjects: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS) ; Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Computational Complexity (cs.CC) arXiv:0801.3113 (cross-list from cs.NE) [ ps pdf other Title: iBOA: The Incremental Bayesian Optimization Algorithm Authors: Martin Pelikan Kumara Sastry David E. Goldberg Comments: Also available at the MEDAL web site, this http URL Subjects: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE) ; Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI) arXiv:0801.3111 (cross-list from cs.NE) [ ps pdf other Title: Analysis of Estimation of Distribution Algorithms and Genetic Algorithms on NK Landscapes Authors: Martin Pelikan Comments: Also available at the MEDAL web site

40. Brown CS: Artificial Intelligence artificial intelligence at Brown University is concerned with theoretical and empirical studies involving problems ranging from natural language http://www.cs.brown.edu/research/ai/

Home Search About Us News ... Research AI People Publications Comp Finance Graphics ... Industrial Relations Artificial Intelligence People Faculty Michael Black Eugene Charniak Thomas Dean Amy Greenwald Thomas Hofmann Pascal Van Hentenryck Postdocs Graduate students Undergraduate students Alumni ... Publications Major Grants IGERT Research Groups BLLIP (Brown Laboratory for Linguistic Information Processing) BLLIP is research group for the stufy of computational linguistics (or, if you prefer, Natural Language Processing). It is comprised of members from both the Computer Science and the Cognitive and Linguistic Science departments. Events Every week BLLIP group meeting, for discussion of current work in the Natural Language Processing (i.e. computational linguistics) group. Every Friday at 11am in the Cog Sci conference room (Metcalf 229?). Semiregular AI Lunch , for presentations of current and in-progress AI papers, practice talks, etc. Often on Wednesdays at noon in the conference room (CIT 506). Information on particular areas Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) Uncertainty in AI Bayesian networks, belief networks, influence diagrams ... Planning and scheduling Page Owner: Don Blaheta Last Modified: Tue Jun 4 13:46:47 2002

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