1. Virtual Laboratories In Probability And Statistics Interactive, webbased resources for students and teachers of probability and statistics. http://www.math.uah.edu/stat/

var baseURL = "./"; Virtual Laboratories in Probability and Statistics Project Information Expository Material Foundations Probability Spaces Distributions Expected Value ... Interacting Particle Systems Ancillary Materials Applets Data Sets Biographical Sketches Distribution Tables ... Experiments Welcome! The goal of this project is to provide free, high quality, interactive, web-based resources for students and teachers of probability and statistics. Basically, our project consists of an integrated set of components that includes expository text, ancillary material (applets, data sets, biographical sketches), and an object library. Please read the introduction for more information about the content, structure, mathematical prerequisites, and organization of the project. Technologies and Browser Requirements This site uses a number of advanced technologies, including the Mathematics Markup Language (MathML), for portable and notationally correct mathematical expressions, and the Java 2 Runtime Environment for the applets. To use this site, you will need one of the following browser configurations. The first one is recommended.

2. Home Page The Applied probability Trust is a nonprofit foundation for study and research in the mathematical sciences. It publishes research journals, a student magazine and occasional special volumes. http://www.shef.ac.uk/uni/companies/apt/

A P P L I E D P R O B A B I L I T Y T R U S T The Applied Probability Trust is a non-profit-making foundation for study and research in the mathematical sciences. The Trust was founded in 1964, with the assistance of the London Mathematical Society , in order to publish the Journal of Applied Probability. The Trust now publishes a number of periodicals; these are the international journals Journal of Applied Probability Advances in Applied Probability both edited by Professor C. C. Heyde, The Mathematical Scientist edited by J. Gani, and the student mathematical magazine Mathematical Spectrum which is edited by Dr D. Sharpe. The APT also publishes occasional special volumes on topics in applied probability, the latest being Stochastic Methods and Their Applications (J. Appl. Prob. Spec. Vol. ), a Festschrift for Chris Heyde. The APT has four Trustees: Professor D.J. Daley (Australian National University), Professor J. Gani FAA (Australian National University), Professor C.C. Heyde FAA (Australian National University and Columbia University) and Sir John Kingman FRS (Isaac Newton Institute, Cambridge, representing the London Mathematical Society).

3. Percent And Probability Learn what a percent is and how to figure probability. http://www.mathleague.com/help/percent/percent.htm

Percent and Probability Percent What is a percent? Percent as a fraction Percent as a decimal Estimating percents ... Percent discount Chances and probability What is an event? Possible outcomes of an event Probability Math Contests School League Competitions Contest Problem Books Challenging, fun math practice Educational Software Comprehensive Learning Tools Visit the Math League What is a Percent? A percent is a ratio of a number to 100. A percent can be expressed using the percent symbol %. Example: 10 percent or 10% are both the same, and stand for the ratio 10:100. Percent as a fraction A percent is equivalent to a fraction with denominator 100. Example: 5% of something = 5/100 of that thing. Example: 2 1/2% is equal to what fraction? Answer: Example: 52% most nearly equals which one of 1/2, 1/4, 2, 8, or 1/5? Answer: 52% = 52/100. This is very close to 50/100, or 1/2. Example: 13/25 is what %? Alternatively, we could say: Let 13/25 be n %, and let us find n . Then 13/25 = n n , so 25 n n n n Example: 8/200 is what %?

4. 60: Probability Theory And Stochastic Processes Part of Dave Rusin's excellent Mathematical Atlas. http://www.math.niu.edu/~rusin/known-math/index/60-XX.html

Search Subject Index MathMap Tour ... Help! ABOUT: Introduction History Related areas Subfields POINTERS: Texts Software Web links Selected topics here 60: Probability theory and stochastic processes Introduction Probability theory is simply enumerative combinatorial analysis when applied to finite sets; thus the techniques and results resemble those of discrete mathematics. The theory comes into its own when considering infinite sets of possible outcomes. This requires much measure theory (and a careful interpretation of results!) More analysis enters with the study of distribution functions, and limit theorems implying central tendencies. Applications to repeated transitions or transitions over time lead to Markov processes and stochastic processes. Probability concepts are applied across mathematics when considering random structures, and in particular lead to good algorithms in some settings even in pure mathematics. History A list of references on the history of probability and statistics is available. Applications and related fields Some material in probability (especially foundational questions) is really measure theory . The topic of randomly generating points on a sphere is included here but there is another page with general discussions of spheres . Probability questions given a finite sample space are usually "just" a lot of counting, and so are included with

5. Probability Web A collection of pages maintained by Bob Dobrow to serve people with interests in probability theory and its applications. http://www.mathcs.carleton.edu/probweb/probweb.html

6. Probability Tutorials Tutorials in measure theory, lebesgue integration and probability, by Noel Vaillant. http://www.probability.net/

www.probability.net Updated 27-Apr-2005 Probability Tutorials by Noel Vaillant Tutorials A B C D ... W Contents Tutorial 1 :Dynkin systems Dynkin system Sigma-algebra Dynkin theorem Tutorial 2 :Caratheodory Measure Outer-measure Extension of measures Tutorial 3 Stieltjes measure Stieltjes measure Lebesgue measure Borel sigma-algebra Tutorial 4 Measurability Continuous map Measurable map Metric Topology Tutorial 5 Lebesgue integral Monotone convergence Fatou lemma Dominated convergence Tutorial 6 Product spaces Rectangle Product sigma-algebra Product topology Tutorial 7 :Fubini theorem Product measure Partial measurability Fubini theorem Tutorial 8 Jensen inequality Convex function Compact space Taylor expansion Jensen inequality ... Tutorial 9 :Lp - spaces Holder inequality Cauchy-Schwarz Minkowski Lp-Completeness ... Tutorial 10 :L -functionals Complete spaces Hilbert spaces Orthog. projection L2-Functionals ... Tutorial 11 :Complex measure Complex measure Signed measure Total variation of a measure Tutorial 12 :Radon-Nikodym Absolute continuity Radon-Nikodym Hahn decomposition Tutorial 13 :Regular measure Inner, Outer-regular measure

7. Lessons On Probability Math Goodies offers 10 interactive lessons on topics in probability. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

8. Percent And Probability Learn what a percent is and how to figure probability. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

9. The Probability Web: Journals Interdisciplinary probability journals those whose focus is the application of probability and stochastic processes within a specific area or areas. http://www.mathcs.carleton.edu/probweb/journals.html

Journals Journals are listed under several headings. Mainstream journals : those whose major focus is probability theory and its applications, stochastic processes or stochastic modelling. Electronic bulletins Interdisciplinary probability journals : those whose focus is the application of probability and stochastic processes within a specific area or areas. Queueing theory and telecommunications modelling : a separate heading is given to these important areas of stochastic modelling. Operational research : operational research journals which have significant stochastic modelling content. Probability and mathematics : journals incorporating probability and other branches of mathematics. Probability and statistics : journals incorporating both probability and statistics. Mathematical reviews Mainstream journals Advances in Applied Probability Advances in Probability and Related Topics (Marcel Dekker) Annals of Applied Probability (Institute of Mathematical Statistics) Annals of Probability (Institute of Mathematical Statistics) Bernoulli (Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability) Chance (a co-publication of the American Statistical Association and Springer-Verlag) Electronic Journal of Probability Electronic Communications in Probability ESAIM Probability and Statistics Frontiers in Pure and Applied Probability (VSP, Utrecht TVP, Moscow)

10. Probability Web A collection of pages maintained by Bob Dobrow to serve people with interests in probability theory and its applications. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

11. Interactive Mathematics Miscellany And Puzzles, Probability Math puzzles. Interactive education. probability examples, Random number generator. http://www.cut-the-knot.org/probability.shtml

Username: Password: Probability In a world as crazy as this one, it ought to be easy to find something that happens solely by chance. It isn't. Kevin McKeen The Orderly Pursuit of Pure Disorder. Discover, January, 1981 American Heritage Dictionary defines Probability Theory as the branch of Mathematics that studies the likelihood of occurrence of random events in order to predict the behavior of defined systems. Starting with this definition, it would (probably :-) be right to conclude that the Probability Theory, being a branch of Mathematics, is an exact, deductive science that studies uncertain quantities related to random events. This might seem to be a strange marriage of mathematical certainty and uncertainty of randomness. On a second thought, though, most people will agree that a newly conceived baby has a 50-50 chance (exact but, likely, inaccurate estimate) to be, for example, a girl or a boy, for that matter. Interestingly, a recent book by Marilyn vos Savant dealing with people's perception of probability and statistics is titled "The Power of Logical Thinking". My first problems will be drawn from this book. As with other mathematical problems, it's often helpful to experiment with a problem in order to gain an insight as to what the correct answer might be. By necessity, probabilistic experiments require computer simulation of random events. It must sound as an oxymoron - a computer (i.e., deterministic device) producing random events - numbers, in our case, to be exact. See, if you can convince yourself that your computer can credibly handle this task also. A knowledgeable reader would, probably, note that this is a program (albeit deterministic) and not the computer that does the random number simulation. That's right. It's me and not your computer to blame if the simulation below does not exactly produce random numbers.

12. Chance Welcome Page This data base contains materials designed help teach a Chance course or a more standard introductory probability or statistics course. http://www.dartmouth.edu/~chance/

Chance Home Chance News Chance Course Video and Audio Teaching Aids ... Related Links Search this site: A GNU book. Introduction to Probability by Charles Grinstead and Laurie Snell The Chance Project Mathematics Dept. Dartmouth College Hanover, NH 03755 Welcome to Chance! This site contains materials to help teach a Chance course. Chance is a quantitative literacy course developed cooperatively by the Chance Team: J. Laurie Snell and Peter Doyle of Dartmouth College, Joan Garfield of the University of Minnesota, Tom Moore of Grinnell College, Bill Peterson of Middlebury College, and Ngambal Shah of Spelman College. We were assisted by grants from NECUSE and the National Science Foundation's Undergraduate Curriculum Development Program. The goal of Chance is to make students more informed, critical readers of current news stories that use probability and statistics. Chance News . Chance News is a newsletter that reviews articles in the news that use probability or statistical concepts (chance news). It is aimed at helping the general public better understand current chance news and assisting teachers of probability and statistics who want to liven up their courses by using current chance news. From 1992 to 2004 Chance News appeared on this Chance website. These issues of Chance News are archived here . To make it easier for others to contribute to Chance News, it is now available at the

13. Virtual Laboratories In Probability And Statistics Interactive, webbased resources for students and teachers of probability and statistics. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

14. Probability Lesson on Introduction to probability Terms and Conditions For Use An experiment is a situation involving chance or probability that leads to results http://www.mathgoodies.com/lessons/vol6/intro_probability.html

Lesson on Introduction to Probability Terms and Conditions For Use Recommend This Lesson! Problem: A spinner has 4 equal sectors colored yellow, blue, green and red. What are the chances of landing on blue after spinning the spinner? What are the chances of landing on red? Solution: The chances of landing on blue are 1 in 4, or one fourth. The chances of landing on red are 1 in 4, or one fourth. This problem asked us to find some probabilities involving a spinner. Let's look at some definitions and examples from the problem above. Definition Example An experiment is a situation involving chance or probability that leads to results called outcomes. In the problem above, the experiment is spinning the spinner. An outcome is the result of a single trial of an experiment. The possible outcomes are landing on yellow, blue, green or red. An event is one or more outcomes of an experiment. One event of this experiment is landing on blue. Probability is the measure of how likely an event is. The probability of landing on blue is one fourth.

15. Project Links | Home Contains modules for probability and statistics, discreet math, linear systems and advanced calculus. Developed by the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. http://links.math.rpi.edu/

Overview Background on the people involved in the project. Assumptions How we intend these modules to be used in the classroom. Hardware and software requirements. For Instructors Information for instructors using our materials. The Project Links Modules by general applied topic by general mathematics topic Hardware and Software Guidelines Recommendations for setting up your computer to maximize your time with Project Links. Developers' Connection Documentation and services for current developers and programmers, and for those with new module ideas. Jobs with Project Links Information for those RPI students with programming skills in Java, HTML, and Director. 2001 ASME Curriculum Innovation Award 2000 NEEDS Premier Award for Excellence in Engineering Education [2/24/03]: The website has been updated. The electromagtic field applets have been fixed, and a preliminary version of the module "compatibility mode" has been deployed.

16. Probability Tutorials Tutorials in measure theory, lebesgue integration and probability, by Noel Vaillant http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

17. Conditional Probability Lesson Conditional probability lesson from Math Goodies! In the last lesson, the notation for conditional probability was used in the statement of http://www.mathgoodies.com/lessons/vol6/conditional.html

Lesson on Conditional Probability Terms and Conditions For Use Recommend This Lesson! Problem: A math teacher gave her class two tests. 25% of the class passed both tests and 42% of the class passed the first test. What percent of those who passed the first test also passed the second test? Analysis: This problem describes a conditional probability since it asks us to find the probability that the second test was passed given that the first test was passed. In the last lesson, the notation for conditional probability was used in the statement of Multiplication Rule 2. Multiplication Rule 2: When two events, A and B, are dependent, the probability of both occurring is: The formula for the Conditional Probability of an event can be derived from Multiplication Rule 2 as follows: Start with Multiplication Rule 2. Divide both sides of equation by P(A). Cancel P(A)s on right-hand side of equation. Commute the equation. We have derived the formula for conditional probability. Now we can use this formula to solve the problem at the top of the page.

18. Mr. Probability Money Management Systems For Gamblers. Offers blackjack, craps and video poker money management systems. http://www.mrprobability.com/

Easy-to-win Poker reviews poker free rolls and the most updated information on online poker. A frame of mind between winning and losing sometimes lies in how well you are enjoying yourself. Don't let anybody tell you that to Gamble, you have to be Lucky! Gambling is a game of skill! And we can help you achieve the skills necessary to be a winner! Our systems show you the easy way to employ the very best method of proper betting at "21". In just a few hours you can be as good as most of the better Black Jack, Craps, Roulette Players. And with a little more practice you can play with the best of them. Isn't it about time you started winning back that money you've been losing? We guarantee that after learning our Systems, and practicing for a short time, you will be able to Maximize Your Wins - and Minimize Your Losses. Nostalagic posters...! Visit and see the great collections of Posters! Special Notes We have added Texas Holdem and Omaha and Omaha Hi-Lo as part of our services to Our customers. With the popularity of these games we felt that there was a need to explain and show the proper ways of playing these fascinating games. They are included with your download of my systems and games. They are full of informative techniques and strategies to help you play these games.Also included in the download is a dictionary of gambling so you may learn the terms of the different games. The Price is US$ 25.00 and I will guarantee you that you will not be disappointed. In the meantime go to Omaha and Texas Holdem by clicking the logo at the bottom of the menu, and brush up on the rules of the games. Good Luck and always remember Skill and Odds Cannot Be Beat.

19. What Is Probability? What is probability? Example In general, probability of an event occuring is given by http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

20. Workshop On The Interface Of Probability And Number Theory University of Illinois, UrbanaChampaign, USA; 1920 May 2000. Abstracts. http://www.math.uiuc.edu/nt2000/probability/

Workshop on the Interface of Probability and Number Theory Millennial Conference Homepage Abstracts of Talks (postscript file) Schedule of Talks (updated 5/19/2000) Scientific Program This two day workshop is part of the Special Year in Number Theory 1999/2000 , and a satellite conference to the Millennial Conference on Number Theory , which is held during the week following the workshop. Its purpose is to bring together researchers from the probability and number theory communities interested in problems that lie at the interface of these two areas. The themes of the workshop include: Probabilistic number theory Uniform distribution and discrepancy Probabilistic methods in additive number theory Probability theory on algebraic and combinatorial structures Probabilistic models in number theory Speakers R. Arratia (Univ. of Southern California) G.J. Babu (Penn State Univ.) W. Chen (Macquarie Univ.) J.-M. Deshouillers (Univ. of Bordeaux) M. Drmota (Technical Univ. of Vienna) P.D.T.A. Elliott (Univ. of Colorado) A. Granville (Univ. of Georgia)

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