41. The Number System Of Ganda A Playground of Thoughts number systems of the World The number system of Ganda. The number system of Ganda Number, Reading, Meaning. 0, zeero, 0 http://www.sf.airnet.ne.jp/ts/language/number/ganda.html

A Playground of Thoughts Number Systems of the World The Number System of Ganda This page is based on A Basic Grammar of Luganda . (Luganda is another name of Ganda) It's interesting that bigger numbers have simpler names than smaller numbers. Number Reading Meaning zeero emu bbiri ssatu nnya ttaano mukaaga musanvu munaana mwenda kkumi kkumi n'emu 10 and 1 kkumi na bbiri 10 and 2 kkumi na ssatu 10 and 3 kkumi na nnya 10 and 4 kkumi na ttaano 10 and 5 kkumi na mukaaga 10 and 6 kkumi na musanvu 10 and 7 kkumi na munaana 10 and 8 kkumi na mwenda 10 and 9 amakumi abiri amakumi abiri mu emu ) and 1 amakumi abiri mu bbiri ) and 2 amakumi abiri mu ssatu ) and 3 amakumi abiri mu nnya ) and 4 amakumi abiri mu ttaano ) and 5 amakumi abiri mu mukaaga ) and 6 amakumi abiri mu musanvu ) and 7 amakumi abiri mu munaana ) and 8 amakumi abiri mu mwenda ) and 9 amakumi asatu amakumi asatu mu emu ) and 1 amakumi asatu mu bbiri ) and 2 amakumi asatu mu ssatu ) and 3 amakumi asatu mu nnya ) and 4 amakumi asatu mu ttaano ) and 5 amakumi asatu mu mukaaga ) and 6 amakumi asatu mu musanvu ) and 7 amakumi asatu mu munaana ) and 8 amakumi asatu mu mwenda ) and 9 amakumi ana amakumi ana mu emu ) and 1 amakumi ana mu bbiri ) and 2 amakumi ana mu ssatu ) and 3 amakumi ana mu nnya ) and 4 amakumi ana mu ttaano ) and 5 amakumi ana mu mukaaga ) and 6 amakumi ana mu musanvu ) and 7 amakumi ana mu munaana ) and 8 amakumi ana mu mwenda ) and 9 amakumi ataano amakumi ataano mu emu ) and 1 amakumi ataano mu bbiri ) and 2 amakumi ataano mu ssatu ) and 3 amakumi ataano mu nnya ) and 4 amakumi ataano mu ttaano ) and 5

42. Binary Number System.html The binary number system is used by computers to send a series of electrical signals representing information in a special cipher of 0 s and 1 s. http://home.rmci.net/dunhamk/crypto/bns.htm

Binary Number System The binary number system is used by computers to send a series of electrical signals representing information in a special cipher of 0's and 1's. Before you try to tackle the math of the binary number system, Base 2, it's probably a good idea to review what you already know, Base 10. The Base 10 number systems makes use of 10 digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. Numbers above 9, such as 10, are actually a combination of numbers in the sequence above. In the case of 10 it is a combination of 1 and 0. This forces a positioning of the digits (like 1 and 0) into a given location within a number. In the example of number 10 has two digits, 1 and 0. The 1 is the second digit to the left of the assumed decimal place. Because it is in the second position to the left of the decimal it has the value of 10. The 1 indicates that there is only 1 number in the placement value worth 10. The 1 indicates that there are no numbers for the placement value of 1. Look at the table below and fill in the placement values up to 1,000,000. Placement Values ? ? ? 1,000 100 10 1

43. Galileo And Einstein: Babylon So the Babylonian system is based on the number 60 the same way ours is based on 10. There are some real problems with the Babylonian number system, http://galileoandeinstein.physics.virginia.edu/lectures/babylon.html

Michael Fowler UVa Physics Department Index of Lectures and Overview of the Course Spanish Version of this Lecture The Earliest Written Language Sumer and Babylonia , located in present-day Iraq , were probably the first peoples to have a written language, beginning in Sumer in about 3100 BC. The language continued to be written until the time of Christ, but then it was completely forgotten, even the name Sumer became unknown until the nineteenth century. From the earliest times, the language was used for business and administrative documents. Later, it was used for writing down epics, myths, etc., which had earlier probably been handed down by oral tradition, such as the Epic of Gilgamesh. Weights and Measures: 60s everywhere! In about 2500 BC, by Royal Edict, weights and measures were standardized in Babylon . This was a practical business decision, which without doubt eliminated much tension in the marketplace. The smallest unit of length was the finger, about 2/3 of an inch. The cubit was 30 fingers. The cord (surveyor's rope) was 120 cubits, that is, 3600 fingers. The league was 180 cords, about seven miles. By 2000 BC, there was a calendar with a year of 360 days, 12 months of 30 days each, with an extra month thrown in every six years or so to keep synchronized with astronomical observations. (According to Dampier

44. The First Place-Value Number System The Babylonian s sexagesimal (base60) number system, which first appeared around 1900 to 1800 BC, is also credited as being the first known place-value http://www.maxmon.com/1900bc.htm

1900 BC The First Place-Value Number System The decimal system with which we are fated is a place-value system, which means that the value of a particular digit depends both on the digit itself and on its position within the number. For example, a four in the right-hand column simply means four ...... in the next column it means forty ...... one more column over means four-hundred ...... then four thousand, and so on. For many arithmetic operations, the use of a number system whose base is wholly divisible by many numbers, especially the smaller values, conveys certain advantages. And so we come to the Babylonians, who were famous for their astrological observations and calculations, and who used a sexagesimal (base-60) numbering system (see also The invention of the abacus a Although sixty may appear to be a large value to have as a base, it does convey certain advantages. Sixty is the smallest number that can be wholly divided by two, three, four, five, and six ...... and of course it can also be divided by ten, fifteen, twenty, and thirty. In addition to using base sixty, the Babylonians also made use six and ten as sub-bases. a The Babylonian's sexagesimal system, which first appeared around 1900 to 1800 BC, is also credited as being

45. BBC - Schools - KS2 Bitesize Revision - Maths Activities, tests and work to help revise for the Number section of the KS2 National Tests in Maths. The number system http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks2bitesize/maths/number.shtml

@import '/includes/tbenh.css'; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index 14 March 2008 Accessibility help Text only BBC Homepage BBC Schools ... Contact Us Like this page? Send it to a friend! Activity Revision Bite Quiz Activity Revision Bite Quiz Activity Revision Bite Quiz Activity Revision Bite Quiz Activity Revision Bite Quiz Activity Revision Bite Quiz Activity Revision Bite Quiz Activity Revision Bite Quiz Activity Revision Bite Quiz Activity Revision Bite Quiz Activity Revision Bite Quiz Activity Revision Bite Quiz About the BBC Help Advertise with us

46. Ancient Greek Number System Strange enough even if 10 was a special number the Greeks used two rather complex systems of number representation. The first Herodianic, found in http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/Counting.htm

Greek Numbers Michael Lahanas It seems to us that after the invention of writing the largest discovery was the use by humanity of the so-called decimal notation. M. V. Ostrogradsky Arithmetica , Gregor Reisch 1503. A Symbolic Image: Boethius and Pythagoras in a mathematical Competition. Pythagoras uses an Abacus, while Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius (480 AD-524 AD) uses Numerals from India. Boethius looks very proud, he is ready while the poor Pythagoras still tries to find the solution. "Ten is the very nature of number. All Greeks and all barbarians alike count up to ten, and having reached ten revert again to the unity. And again, Pythagoras maintains, the power of the number 10 lies in the number 4, the tetrad. This is the reason: if one starts at the unit (1) and adds the successive number up to 4, one will make up the number 10 (1+2+3+4 = 10). And if one exceeds the tetrad, one will exceed 10 too.... So that the number by the unit resides in the number 10, but potentially in the number 4. And so the Pythagoreans used to invoke the Tetrad as their most binding oath: `By him that gave to our generation the Tetractys, which contains the fount and root of eternal nature...'" Aetius I. 3.8)

47. Indian Numerals We will examine two different aspects of the Indian number systems in this article. First we will examine the way that the numerals 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/HistTopics/Indian_numerals.html

Indian numerals Ancient Indian Mathematics index History Topics Index Version for printing It is worth beginning this article with the same quote from Laplace which we give in the article Overview of Indian mathematics Laplace wrote:- The ingenious method of expressing every possible number using a set of ten symbols each symbol having a place value and an absolute value emerged in India. The idea seems so simple nowadays that its significance and profound importance is no longer appreciated. Its simplicity lies in the way it facilitated calculation and placed arithmetic foremost amongst useful inventions. the importance of this invention is more readily appreciated when one considers that it was beyond the two greatest men of Antiquity, Archimedes and Apollonius The purpose of this article is to attempt the difficult task of trying to describe how the Indians developed this ingenious system. We will examine two different aspects of the Indian number systems in this article. First we will examine the way that the numerals 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 evolved into the form which we recognise today. Of course it is important to realise that there is still no standard way of writing these numerals. The different fonts on this computer can produce many forms of these numerals which, although recognisable, differ markedly from each other. Many hand-written versions are even hard to recognise. The second aspect of the Indian number system which we want to investigate here is the place value system which, as

48. Ahnentafel Number System - Genealogy & Ancestor Charts From a German word meaning ancestor table, an ahnentafel is an ancestor based numbering system. Learn what an ahnentafel is and how to read it. http://genealogy.about.com/cs/research/p/ahnentafel.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') You are here: About Genealogy Genealogy Genealogy ... Submit to Digg Most Popular Free Family Tree Chart - Interactive Graphical Family Tree C... Last Name Meanings Nature vs. Nurture Spanish Surname Meanings Ahnentafel Numbering System From Kimberly Powell Your Guide to Genealogy FREE Newsletter. Sign Up Now! From a German word meaning "ancestor table," an ahnentafel is an ancestor based numbering system. An excellent choice for presenting a lot of information in a compact format. What is an Ahnentafel?: An ahnentafel is basically a list of all known ancestors of a specific individual. Ahnentafel charts use a strict numbering scheme which makes it easy to see, at a glance, how a specific ancestor is related to the root individual. They also include the full name, and dates and places of birth, marriage and death for each listed individual (when known). How to Read an Ahnentafel: What Does an Ahnentafel Chart Look Like?: To look at it visually, here is the layout of a typical ahnentafel chart, with the mathmatical numbering system illustrated: 1. person

49. JSTOR The Number System Of The Mayas THE number system OF THE MAYAS Gary D. Salyers In the year 1517 when Francisco de Cordaba landed the first Spanish expedition on the coast of Yucatan in http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0025-570X(195409/10)28:1<44:TNSOTM>2.0.CO;2-O

50. The Ancient Egyptian Number System The Ancient Egyptian number system. by Caroline Seawright March 19, 2001. The Ancient Egyptian number system. In ancient Egypt mathematics was used for http://www.thekeep.org/~kunoichi/kunoichi/themestream/egypt_maths.html

The Ancient Egyptian Number System by Caroline Seawright March 19, 2001 The Ancient Egyptian Number System In ancient Egypt mathematics was used for measuring time, straight lines, the level of the Nile floodings, calculating areas of land, counting money, working out taxes and cooking. Maths was even used in mythology - the Egyptians figured out the numbers of days in the year with their calendar . They were one of the ancient peoples who got it closest to the 'true year', though their mathematical skills. Maths was also used with fantastic results for building tombs, pyramids and other architectural marvels. A part of the largest surviving mathematical scroll, the Rhind Papyrus (written in hieratic script), asks questions about the geometry of triangles. It is, in essence, a mathematical text book. The surviving parts of the papyrus show how the Egyptian engineers calculated the proportions of pyramids as well as other structures. Originally, this papyrus was five meters long and thirty three centimeters tall. It is again to the Nile Valley that we must look for evidence of the early influence on Greek mathematics. With respect to geometry, the commentators are unanimous: the mathematician-priests of the Nile Valley knew no peer. The geometry of Pythagoras, Eudoxus, Plato, and Euclid was learned in Nile Valley temples. Four mathematical papyri still survive, most importantly the Rhind mathematical papyrus dating to 1832 B.C. Not only do these papyri show that the priests had mastered all the processes of arithmetic, including a theory of number, but had developed formulas enabling them to find solutions of problems with one and two unknowns, along with "think of a number problems." With all of this plus the arithmetic and geometric progressions they discovered, it is evident that by 1832 B.C., algebra was in place in the Nile Valley.

51. PROJECT THREE: THE YORUBA NUMBER SYSTEM In her book, Africa Counts, Claudia Zaslavsky describes the Yoruba number system as a complex system based on 20 (vigesimal) that uses subtraction to http://www.prenhall.com/divisions/esm/app/ph-elem/multicult/html/chap3.html

PROJECT THREE: THE YORUBA NUMBER SYSTEM The Yoruba people currently number over 15 million. According to their legends, they came from the East, to settle in what is now Nigeria, Togo, and the Republic of Benin (Dahomey). Many historians believe that the Yoruba migrated to their present home from Upper Egypt, between 600 and 1000 A.D. They are city-dwellers. Their ancient cities of Ife and Oyo were founded between 800 and 1000 A.D. The Yoruba have always had a monarch, whom they believe to be descended from their gods. However, the Yoruba government and social structure is not dictatorial. Responsibilities are shared. Although recognition and respect for rank is evident, there is also the possibility of moving up in rank through hard work. In fact, the Yoruba describe their culture as "a river that is never at rest". The Yoruba were great traders. The city of Oyo, founded by a group of traders, was positioned to control trade routes all the way to the coast. They traded gold, slaves, and cocoa. THE YORUBA NUMBER SYSTEM In her book

52. Infoverse - Octomatics the really good thing about the octomaticsnumber-system is that you can calculate visually. the adoption of the octomatics number system as the main http://www.infoverse.org/octomatics/octomatics.htm

description the octomatics project is about a new number system which has a lot of advantages over our old decimal system. the name comes from the mixture of 'octal' and 'mathematics'. what do you think: why do we have the decimal system in our western world? because of our 10 fingers? why do we have 7 days a week? why are 60 seconds 1 minute and 60 minutes 1 hour? why do we have 24 hours a day? and 31 or 30 days a month? do you think thats a really good solution? well, here is another one: ...welcome to octomatics ! the new numbers how many numbers are the optimum? 8? 10? 12? 16? i think it's 8 or 12. make it 8 and you will be able to read and work with binary code without any transformation. i think the numbers should look more technically than letters. maybe they could look like the following: what would be the binary code? it should be: do you see any similarities? if you want to write it really

53. Guitar Notes: THE NASHVILLE NUMBER SYSTEM The Nashville number system is a very easy reference tool, created in Nashville (duh!), by some studio cats, no doubt. I imagine what occurred was, http://www.guitarnotes.com/alan/ah_nashville_numbers.shtml

Resources Tabs Classifieds Reviews ... Discussion Search Links Search Guitar Tabs Search Classifieds Search Reviews Search Calendar Search Discussion Forum Google Search options HOME THE NASHVILLE NUMBER SYSTEM THE NASHVILLE NUMBER SYSTEM by Alan Horvath Here's a neat little ditty you can easily slip into your bag of tricks. The Nashville Number System is a very easy reference tool, created in Nashville (duh!), by some studio cats, no doubt. I imagine what occurred was, the need to try a number of different keys on any given song, in any given session, was the Mother of Invention here. I could be way off on that, but I'm stickin' to it until someone informs me otherwise. Anyone who has studied the slightest amount of music theory, chord structures, and/or harmony, understands the numerical theory behind the Nashville System. For example, the "3rd" in a C chord is an E note; using the root (C) as the number one, and counting sequencially upwards ... C = 1, D = 2, and E = 3 ... we know that to play a "3rd over a C," means to play an E note. Naturally, the "3rd" in an E chord (E/1, F/2, G/3) is G# ... because, of course, a G in the E Major scale is always sharp - you knew that ... right? No matter you can just use my chart (below) and skip all that stuff. And so it goes with the Nashville Number System ... with a very slight twist: Instead of notes, we're talkin' chords - and the "root," or the "number 1" is whatever KEY the song happens to be in check it out:

54. A Grammar Of The Ithkuil Language - Chapter 12: The Number System Beginning with the number 101, numbers are referred to by the number of hundreds plus the number of units, just as a decimal system, beginning with the http://home.inreach.com/sl2120/Ch-12 The Enumerative System.htm

Ithkuil: A Philosophical Design for a Hypothetical Language Chapter 12: The Number System 12.1 Features of a Centesimal Number System 12.2 Semantic Designations for Numerical Stems 12.4 Writing Numerals 12.5 Using Numbers in Speech ... Main Menu The Ithkuil system of numbers and counting is distinct from Western languages in two fundamental ways: it is centesimal (base one hundred) as opposed to decimal (base ten), and the numbers themselves are full formatives (i.e., nouns and verbs), not adjectives. This has already been discussed briefly in Section 4.5.7 regarding the PARTITIVE case. This section will examine the numerical system in greater detail. 12.1 FEATURES OF A CENTESIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM (100 million, i.e., 10,000 ten-thousands). The final unit is While the above may seem unwieldy or even arbitrary, it actually parallels Western base-ten numerals in terms of its systematization. For example, in a Western number like 456,321,777,123, each set of three numbers between the commas tells how many hundreds there are of a certain power of 1000 (i.e., there are 123 of , 777 of , 321 of , and 456 of , or in more common terms 123 ones, 777 thousands, 321 millions, 456 billions).

55. The Complex Number System Chapter 30 Complex Numbers / The Complex number system The Complex number system. Available Soon! Next Section Polar Notation http://www.dspguide.com/ch30/1.htm

The Scientist and Engineer's Guide to Digital Signal Processing By Steven W. Smith, Ph.D. Book Search: Home The Book by Chapters Chapter 1 - The Breadth and Depth of DSP Chapter 2 - Statistics, Probability and Noise ... Chapter 30 - Complex Numbers / The Complex Number System Chapter 30: Complex Numbers The Complex Number System Available Soon! Next Section: Polar Notation Download this chapter in PDF format Chapter30.pdf

56. The Health Industry Number System The Health Industry number system (HIN®) Your address on the information super highway. Everyone needs an address on the information highway. http://www.hibcc.org/hinsystem.htm

The Health Industry Number System (HIN Your address on the information super highway. Everyone needs an "address" on the information highway. The HIN , a unique ID for identifying all trading partners, is designed to serve that purpose. The HIN was created as universal identification number to be used by all trading partners when they communicate with each other via computer. By using the HIN, each partner can rapidly match information it receives to its own customer list whenever it shares or exchanges information with others. As a consequence, expensive and inefficient administrative cross-referencing tasks are eliminated. As a randomly assigned, nine-character, alpha-numeric identifier, HIN is extremely flexible. It can identify not only specific health care facilities, but also specific locations and/or departments within them. The HIN system was designed to allow subscribers the ability to customize HIN use with their specific trading partners, while still maintaining standard formats the rest of the industry can recognize. In this manner, HIBCC has thus created a system which simultaneously imposes the necessary rigidities of a centralized standard while meeting the needs of individual users to alter components when necessary. HIN Resources Access iHIN View Authorized HIN Users Subscribe to HIN Obtain Your HIN ... HIN User Group Documents Health Industry Business Communications Council (HIBCC) • Ph: (01) 602-381-1091

57. Octal Number System The octal, or base 8, number system is a common system used with computers. Because of its relationship with the binary system, it is useful in programming http://www.tpub.com/neets/book13/53e.htm

Order this information in Print Order this information on CD-ROM Download in PDF Format Click here to make tpub.com your Home Page Page Title: Octal number system Back Up Next tpub.com Updates Web www.tpub.com Home Information Categories Administration Advancement Aerographer Automotive ... Next OCTAL NUMBER SYSTEM The octal, or base 8, number system is a common system used with computers. Because of its relationship with the binary system, it is useful in programming some types of computers. Look closely at the comparison of binary and octal number systems in table 1-3. You can see that one octal digit is the equivalent value of three binary digits. The following examples of the conversion of octal 225 to binary and back again further illustrate this comparison: Table 1-3. - Binary and Octal Comparison Unit and Number The terms that you learned in the decimal and binary sections are also used with the octal system. The unit remains a single object, and the number is still a symbol used to represent one or more units. Base (Radix) As with the other systems, the radix, or base, is the number of symbols used in the system. The octal system uses eight symbols - through 7. The base, or radix, is indicated by the subscript 8.

58. Ford Part Number System Lori, I have cleaned up and expanded upon an email that Kevin Rinehart sent on December 8, 1998 describing the Ford Part number system Ford Part Numbers http://lists.twistedpair.ca/pipermail/galaxie/1999-October/015696.html

Click here for more information or to subscribe to GALAXIE Ford Part Number System Clements, Adrian (AM) AMCLEMENTS@dow.com Wed, 27 Oct 1999 08:36:35 -0400 Previous message: [GALAXIE:15745] ? Ford Parts Numbers ? Next message: Adrian vs Casting #'s Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ] ... LoganLo@aol.com [mailto: LoganLo@aol.com ] Sent: Wednesday, October 27, 1999 1:55 AM To: galaxieclub@egroups.com galaxie@lists.vntg-mustang.com Subject: [galaxieclub] ? Ford Parts Numbers ? Hi All, I was wondering if anyone has good quick information on decoding the 3rd and 4th digits in FOMOCO parts. I know the first two, but not all of the next two. I had a web page bookmarked, that easily explained the parts numbers, and even some explanation of the rest of the parts number, however, the web page no longer exists. Any help on this would be greatly appreciated. Thanks! Take Care, Lori Learn2 Avoid Junk Mail. Learn2 Shop for Bargain Airfares. Learn2 Weatherize Your Home. Learn2 Speak Wine. Learn2 Get by in French. Learn2 Negotiate a Raise. http://clickhere.egroups.com/click/965

59. 2.4. The Real Number System We therefore need to expand our number system to contain numbers which do provide a solution to equations such as the above. http://web01.shu.edu/projects/reals/infinity/reals.html

2.4. The Real Number System IRA In the previous chapter we have defined the integers and rational numbers based on the natural numbers and equivalence relations. We have also used the real numbers as our prime example of an uncountable set. In this section we will actually define - mathematically correct - the 'real numbers' and establish their most important properties. There are actually several convenient ways to define R . Two possible methods of construction are: Construction of R via Dedekind’s cuts Construction of R classes via equivalence of Cauchy sequences . Right now, however, it will be more important to describe those properties of R that we will need for the remainder of this class. The first question is: why do we need the real numbers ? Aren’t the rationals good enough ? Theorem 2.4.1: No Square Roots in Q There is no rational number x such that x = x * x = 2 Proof Thus, we see that even simple equations have no solution if all we knew were rational numbers. We therefore need to expand our number system to contain numbers which do provide a solution to equations such as the above. There is another reason for preferring real over rational numbers: Informally speaking, while the rational numbers are all 'over the place', they contain plenty of holes (namely the irrationals). The real numbers, on the other hand, contain no holes. A little bit more formal, we could say that the rational numbers are not closed under the limit operations, while the real numbers are. More formally speaking, we need some definitions.

60. Research And Documentation Online In the text of a paper using the citationsequence or citation-name system, the source is referenced by a superscript number. IN-TEXT CITATION http://www.dianahacker.com/resdoc/p04_c11_s1.html

CSE IN-TEXT CITATIONS In the text of a paper using the citation-sequence or citation-name system, the source is referenced by a superscript number. IN-TEXT CITATION Scientists are beginning to question the validity of linking genes to a number of human traits and disorders At the end of the paper, on a page titled References or Cited References, the source is fully identified according to CSE style. ENTRY IN THE REFERENCE LIST 1. Horgan J. Eugenics revisited. Sci Am. 1993;268(6):122-130. If the author or publication date of a particular work is important to your discussion, add this information to the sentence. Smith , studying three species of tree frogs in South Carolina, was the first to observe. . . . This species was not listed in early floras of New York; how- ever, in 1985 it was reported in a botanical survey of Chenango County and has since been verified In the name-year system, the author's name and the date are given in parentheses in the text of the paper. Alternatively, the author's name can be given in a signal phrase and the date in parentheses. This species was not listed in early floras of New York; however, it was reported in a botanical survey of Chenango County (Osiecki and Smith 1985).

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