21. William Of Ockham At Erratic Impact's Philosophy Research Base william of ockham at Erratic Impact s Philosophy Research Base. Resources include biographies, new and used books by and about william of ockham, http://erraticimpact.com/~medieval/html/william_of_ockham.htm

Medieval Index New Book Search Early Medieval High Medieval ... Tertullian William of Ockham Philosophers Philosophy Subjects Philosophy Books Book Series ... Advertising William of Ockham ca. 1285 - 1349 Texts: William of Ockham Used Books: William of Ockham Know of a Resource? William of Ockham Biography From the Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Excerpt: William of Ockham, the Franciscan school man, nominalist, and " doctor invincibilis ," was born at Ockham in 1280 and died in Munich on April 10, 1349. Of his early life, little is known. From the scarce data, it may be concluded that he entered the Franciscan order at an early age. He received his bachelor's degree at Oxford, and his master's at Paris, where he taught from a date between 1315 and 1320. The tradition that he was a pupil of Duns Scotus is probably correct. There is no evidence that he returned to England and taught at Oxford. In any case, it is with Paris that his principal teaching activity is connected. His doctrines had taken such hold there by 1339 that the philosophical faculty felt obliged to issue a warning against them. William of Ockham Biography Biography of the C14th philosopher and theologian by Dave Beckett of the University of Kent at Canterbury, England.

22. William Of Occam - Wikiquote william of ockham (ca. 12851349) was an English theologian and Franciscan monk. His works are written in Latin. Today known as the originator of Occam s http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/William_of_Occam

William of Occam From Wikiquote Jump to: navigation search William of Ockham - Sketch labelled "frater Occham iste", from a manuscript of Ockham's Summa Logicae, 1341 William of Ockham (ca. 1285-1349) was an English theologian and Franciscan monk. His works are written in Latin. Today known as the originator of Occam's razor , often compared or confused with Hanlon's Razor "Do not attribute to malice that which can easily be explained by stupidity". edit Unsourced edit Occam's razor Numquam ponenda est pluralitas sine necessitate Translation: Do not assume more variables than neccessary. Entia non sunt multiplicanda praeter necessitatem Translation: Entities should not be multiplied beyond necessity. It is vain to do with more that which can be done with less. edit External links Wikipedia has an article about: William of Occam This People article is a stub . You can help Wikiquote by Retrieved from " http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/William_of_Occam Categories Theologians English people ... People stubs Views Page Discussion Edit History Personal tools Log in / create account Navigation Main Page Community portal Village pump Recent changes ... Contact Wikiquote Wikiquote links People Literary works Proverbs Films ... Categories Search Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages ... Permanent link In other languages Deutsch Polski Portuguªs Svenska This page was last modified 17:14, 15 December 2007.

23. Powell's Books - William Of Ockham : A Letter To Friars Minor And Other Writings This volume begins with Ockham s personal account of his engagement in that conflict and continues with essential passages from the major works in which he http://www.powells.com/biblio?isbn=9780521358040

24. William Of Ockham - Christianbook.com Christianbook.com william of ockham william of ockham (12851347) http://www.christianbook.com/Christian/Books/cms_content?page=638890&sp=70506&ev

25. William Of Ockham About the life and studies of William of Ockham. william of ockham was a Franciscan friar and philosopher, from Ockham (near Ripley, Surrey), England. http://www.philosophyprofessor.com/philosophers/william-of-ockham.php

@import url(http://www.philosophyprofessor.com/side/cssphp.css); HOME Philosophies Philosophers Library ... Zeno of Elea web here Some Rights Reserved . Designated trademarks and brands are the property of their respective owners. By accessing this site or its contents you agree to the below terms. SITE MAP William of Ockham Ideas - Nominalism rejects the view that there are universals (essences) in things; it emphasizes the experienced world of contingent beings. - The name used for a thing does not capture the essence of the thing, but is simply a conventional sign used to refer to the thing. - Logic seeks to organize and clarify human thought. - Intuitive cognition is a certain grasp by sense and judgment of any particular being, while abstractive cognition based on intuitive cognition organizes many similar things under universal terms (names). - Ockham's razor is the principle of economy in theorizing; it calls for the least number of assumptions in the construction of an explanation. - God is known by faith in his revelation, not by reason examining his creation. - Creation and salvation are the manifestations of the divine will that call each person to a covenant partnership.

26. §20. William Of Ockham. X. English Scholars Of Paris And Franciscans Of Oxford. Realism, which had been shaken, more than two centuries before, by Roscellinus, was, to all appearance, shattered by william of ockham, who is the last of http://www.bartleby.com/211/1020.html

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27. Press Release - William Of Ockham Database Released Friday October 23, 1998 InteLex Corporation is pleased to announce the publication of william of ockham’s The Work of Ninety Days, translated by John http://www.nlx.com/reference/pr_ockham.htm

FEEDBACK SITEINDEX Press Release Friday October 23, 1998: InteLex Corporation is pleased to announce the publication of The Work of Ninety Days , translated by John Kilcullen and John Scott. Ockham's Work of Ninety Days , his first major work in a twenty-year campaign against Pope John XXII, is a thorough discussion of the place of voluntary poverty in religious life. It includes a discussion of the place of property in civil life and its relation to natural rights and human law. On property John XXII's views are like Locke's, Ockham's like Hume's; their views were known to Grotius. Appended to the text are two essays by John Kilcullen, "Natural Law and Will," and "The Origin of Property: Ockham, Grotius, Pufendorf, and some others." The text contains a lengthy introduction by Prof. Kilcullen. John Kilcullen is a graduate in Philosophy of the University of Toronto and of the Australian National University, and is currently Associate Professor of Politics in Macquarie University. His publications include: Sincerity and Truth: Essays on Arnauld, Bayle and Toleration

28. The Ecole Glossary Brief profile of the originator of Ockham s razor. http://ecole.evansville.edu/glossary/ockham.html

2007 Archive Edition - See the Archive Notice on the Project Homepage for more information. The Ecole Glossary William of Ockham A logician and proponent of nominalism, William of Ockham originated Ockham's razor, a philosophical paring tool that prefers the simplest theory that will explain the observable data. Born c. in Surrey, William was a Franciscan who taught at Oxford until the chancellor John Lutterell accused him of teaching suspect doctrine. John XXII appointed a commission which found 51 propositions questionable but which did not condemn the lecturer. William revised these, and while he was at Oxford and Avignon, he wrote commentary on the Organon of Aristotle and the Sentences of Peter Lombard. William accepted the teachings of the Spiritual Franciscans, who believe that Christ and his Apostles held all property in common and, therefore, poverty was essential to the church. John XXII did not accept these ideas, and William came to see him as a pseudo-pope. William, with two leaders of the Spiritual Franciscans, fled in to the protection of Louis of Bavaria, a papal enemy. John excommunicated William and the others. After John's death in

29. William Of Ockham Says Our Knowledge Is Grounded In An Intuitive Cognition Of A william of ockham knew that knowledge comes from actually experiencing contact with reality. What is known is the concrete particular, reality. http://www.unique-design.net/library/quote/ockham.html

Our knowledge is grounded in an ' intuitive cognition ' of a particular aspect of reality We know through our senses and by making judgments on what we have directly experienced in the world or in ourselves Intuitive cognition organizes many particulars in acts of induction which prompts the recognition of similarities among things Knowledge comes from actually experiencing contact with reality . What is known is the concrete particular, reality The human mind is in contact with actual reality The word or symbol for a thing represents the thing but can never be the thing A memory image stands for a real event that occurred in actual reality Logic is the arrangement of these images in order to obtain clarity of thought and an organized body of truths We must cut away at the elaborate hierarchy of ideas and concepts in the attempt to grasp the truth Truth lies in a close correspondence between what one believes reality to be and what reality actual is. Ockham's Razor states in the simplest of terms that the simplest, most

30. About William Of Ockham - Robert Wagner - Athenaeum Library Of Philosophy william of ockham, one of the Doctors of the Church, lived in England as a Franciscan theologian and writer. He developed a unique and controversial http://evans-experientialism.freewebspace.com/ockham02.htm

Welcome to One of the Largest and Most Visited Sources of Philosophical Texts on the Internet. Evans Experientialism Evans Experientialism SEARCH THE WHOLE SITE? SEARCH CLICK THE SEARCH BUTTON To The Academy Library To The Athenaeum Library To The Nominalist Library Athenaeum Reading Room About William of Ockham Robert Wagner William of Ockham also called WILLIAM OCKHAM, Ockham also spelled OCCAM, byname VENERABILIS INCEPTOR (Latin: “Venerable Enterpriser”), or DOCTOR INVINCIBILIS (“Invincible Doctor”), (b. c. 1285, Ockham, Surrey?, Eng. — d. 1347/49, Munich, Bavaria [now in Germany]), Franciscan philosopher, theologian, and political writer, a late scholastic thinker regarded as the founder of a form of nominalism — the school of thought that denies that universal concepts such as “father” have any reality apart from the individual things signified by the universal or general term. Early life Little is known of Ockham’s childhood. It seems that he was still a youngster when he entered the Franciscan order. At that time a central issue of concern in the order and a main topic of debate in the church was the interpretation of the rule of life composed by St. Francis of Assisi concerning the strictness of the poverty that should be practiced within the order. Ockham’s early schooling in a Franciscan convent concentrated on the study of logic; throughout his career, his interest in logic never waned, because he regarded the science of terms as fundamental and indispensable for practicing all the sciences of things, including God, the world, and ecclesiastical or civil institutions; in all his disputes logic was destined to serve as his chief weapon against adversaries.

31. William Of Ockham@Everything2.com Put writeups under William of Occam. If you feel you have something to add to this node, post it on your Scratch Pad and contact an editor. http://everything2.com/index.pl?node_id=526799

32. IngentaConnect Francis Of Marchia And William Of Ockham: Fragments From A Dialog It is well known that Francis of Marchia and william of ockham joined Michael of Cesena s rebellion against the pope, together escaping from Avignon and http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/brill/viv/2006/00000044/00000001/art00007

var tcdacmd="dt"; Home About Ingenta Ingenta Labs Ingenta Blog ... Check our FAQs Or contact us to report problems with: Subscription access Article delivery Registration Library administrator tasks ... Other problems For Publishers Why go online? Why choose IngentaConnect? Beyond Print: enhancing your service Access and authentication ... Contact us For Researchers For Authors About IngentaConnect Search and browse Publications available ... Register For Librarians Resource Zone Why choose IngentaConnect? Why choose IngentaConnect Complete? Activating Subscriptions ... Register CM8ShowAd("HorizontalBanner"); Francis of Marchia and William of Ockham: Fragments from a Dialogue Author: Lambertini, Roberto Source: Vivarium , Volume 44, Number 1, 2006 , pp. 184-204(21) Publisher: BRILL view table of contents Key: - Free Content - New Content - Subscribed Content - Free Trial Content CM8ShowAd("Skyscraper"); Abstract: It is well known that Francis of Marchia and William of Ockham joined Michael of Cesena's rebellion against the pope, together escaping from Avignon and signing documents supporting Cesena's defence of Franciscan poverty. The relationship between the works of the two thinkers, on the other hand, is the subject of ongoing investigation. After discussing Francis' rejection in his Commentary on the Sentences of Ockham's theory of quantity, this paper shows how Francis' Improbatio became a source for Ockham's Opus Nonaginta Dierum

33. May 26: William Ockham; Christian History Institute lancing over his shoulder, william of ockham breathed a sigh of relief. He was well outside the white stone walls of Avignon. He and his two companions had http://chi.gospelcom.net/DAILYF/2002/05/daily-05-26-2002.shtml

Christian History Institute welcomes you Christian History Institute A,B,C A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Home Glimpses CHI for Kids Torchlighters ... tell a friend William of Ockham did not see eye to eye with the pope. History of Christianity is a six part survey designed to stimulate your curiosity by providing glimpses of pivotal events and persons in the spread of the church. last story: Sunday school's huge challenge next story: Earl of Argylle beheaded NEW ON DVD Truth Prevails: The Undying Faith Of Jan Hus In an age when Europe was divided between three popes, when pestilence claimed one in three lives and church offices were sold to the highest bidder, Hus defied earthly authorities to seek truth directly from the Word of God. lancing over his shoulder, William of Ockham breathed a sigh of relief. He was well outside the white stone walls of Avignon. He and his two companions had moved quickly in the last hour, only too glad to be in fresh air, rather than locked in a musty prison within the pope's fortress palace. They had almost come to that. William of Ockham was in trouble. A scholarone of the greatest of the Middle Ageshe had spoken his mind too freely.

34. William Of Ockham And His Razor I use this little personal anecdote to introduce one of my heroes, william of ockham or as I like to call him William van Ockham. Ockham was born around the http://www.scienceandyou.org/articles/ess_04.shtml

the foundation for community access to science Henry Mulder Your Host www.scienceandyou.org you are here: main page > articles Links Library All Essays All Commentaries Archeology Astronomy ... Bookmark This Page (Internet Explorer only) (For Automatic Bookmark Use Control+D) Feature Article William of Ockham Cutting out the fat RATE THIS ARTICLE "Fanaticism consists in redoubling your effort when you have forgotten your aim." -George Santayana I have a vivid recollection of one of my professors whose specialty was formal logic, relating with relish how, in some academic dispute or other things had gotten rather ugly. I remember terms like "blood on the floor". To a young student, laboring under the illusion that in academia there was little room for raw emotion much less out-and-out warfare, this came as quite a shock. Were not these to be temples of logic and reasoned discourse? Now I learned that just as in more mainstream human activity, if you couldn't win your point by the strength of your argument there was always brute force. I am not suggesting physical violence of course, although even that may happen on occasion. The bludgeoning is more usually inflicted by mental techniques such as belittling an opponent or by the more subtle "straw man" tactic where instead of attacking an idea you attack the person offering it. I use this little personal anecdote to introduce one of my heroes, William of Ockham or as I like to call him William van Ockham. Ockham was born around the year 1285 in Surrey, England. That would make him a sort of successor to Roger Bacon who died in 1294. Although like Bacon, he was involved with the order of the Franciscans it is not known whether he was familliar with the other man's work.

35. William Of Occam And Occam S Razor Re And Bellini 136 (8) 634 Attributed to the 14thcentury English philosopher and theologian william of ockham (simplified to Occam by medieval spelling), Occam s razor is a logical http://www.annals.org/cgi/content/full/136/8/634-a?ck=nck

36. William Of Ockham, On The Difference Between Intuitive And Abstractive Cognition william of ockham (c.1285c.1349) was an English philosopher, logician, and theologian. He was born in the village of Ockham, county of Surrey. http://www.angelfire.com/md2/timewarp/ockham.html

William of Ockham, on the Difference between Intuitive and Abstractive Cognition William of Ockham (c.1285-c.1349) was an English philosopher, logician, and theologian. He was born in the village of Ockham, county of Surrey. He died in the city of Munich (in Bavaria). Ockham wrote extensively on many subjects, including logic, epistemology, the philosophy of language, metaphysics, ethics, and theology. His philosophical writings included the Summa Logicae (Summa of Logic, c.1328), the Expositio in libros Physicorum Aristotelis (Exposition of the Books of Physics of Aristotle, 1322-24), and the Tractatus de praedestinatione et de praescientia Dei et de futuris contingentibus (Treatise on Predestination and on God's Foreknowledge of Future Contingents, 1321-24). His theological works included: In Libros Sententiarum (Commentary on the Sentences of Peter Lombard, 1317-18), and the Quodlibeta Septem (Seven Quodlibets, 1322-25). His political writings included: Dialogus Inter Magistrum et Discipulum de potestate Papae et Imperatoris (Dialogue between Master and Disciples on the Power of Emperors and Popes, 1334-47), and his

37. The Nominalist Ontology Of William Of Ockham an annotated bibliography on the nominalist ontology of william ockham and his logical and semantical theories. http://www.formalontology.it/william_ockham.htm

Home Site Map Selected Ontological Problems. The Problem of Universals The Nominalist Ontology of William of Ockham INTRODUCTION "Like most philosophers in the Aristotelian tradition, Ockham distinguishes between propositions and the terms out of which they are composed. Central to Ockham's analysis of the concept of a term is his distinction between categorematic and syncategorematic terms. We can get at this dichotomy if we distinguish between expressions that do and expressions that do not yield a meaningful proposition when substituted for ` x ' in `This x -es' or `This is (a/an) x '. The former (including predicate-expressions, proper names, demonstratives, and pronouns) Ockham calls categorematic terms; the latter (including articles, particles, interjections, quantifiers, and truth-functional connectives) he calls syncategorematic terms. It is among categorematic terms that Ockham locates the distinction between singular and general, or employing Ockham's own terminology, the distinction between discrete and common terms. Very roughly, this is the distinction between categorematic terms that can and categorematic terms that cannot function as predicate in subject-predicate propositions, or that at least is the way a contemporary Ockhamist would express the dichotomy. Ockham himself construes the subject-predicate nexus more broadly to include identity-statements, existential propositions, and propositions incorporating either the universal or particular quantifier. Against this broad interpretation of subject-predicate discourse, Ockham tells us that while the discrete term is predicable of just one thing, the common term is predicable of many.

38. A Translation Of William Of Ockham’s Work Of Ninety Days Mellen Title A Translation of william of ockham’s Work of Ninety Days. http://www.mellenpress.com/mellenpress.cfm?bookid=4639&pc=9

39. Project MUSE Someone must be looking out for William Ockham. Excommunicated and exiled in his own lifetime, Ockham s philosophical works were revitalized in the http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_the_history_of_philosophy/v038/38.4pasna

How Do I Get This Article? Athens Login Access Restricted This article is available through Project MUSE, an electronic journals collection made available to subscribing libraries NOTE: Please do NOT contact Project MUSE for a login and password. See How Do I Get This Article? for more information. If you have password access to this journal, please login below. (Help with Login) Login: Password: Pasnau, Robert The Philosophy of William of Ockham in the Light of Its Principles (review) Journal of the History of Philosophy - Volume 38, Number 4, October 2000, pp. 590-591 The Johns Hopkins University Press Search Journals About MUSE

40. William Of Occam william of ockham, a thirteenth century English philosopher and Franciscan monk, is remembered for writing non sunt multiplicanda entia praeter http://freemasonry.bcy.ca/texts/occam.html

LOGICAL FALLACY BAVARIAN ILLUMINATI ANTI-MASONRY William of Occam c. William of Ockham, a thirteenth century English philosopher and Franciscan monk, is remembered for writing "non sunt multiplicanda entia praeter necessitatem" or "plurality should not be posited without necessity." principle of unnecessary plurality or the principle of parsimony , today it is usually interpreted to mean "the simpler the explanation, the better" or "don't make any more assumptions than you have to." William was excommunicated by Pope John XXII. He responded by writing a treatise demonstrating that Pope John was a heretic. Portrait uncited. ANTI-MASONRY BIOGRAPHIES GRAND LODGE OF BC AND YUKON HOME ... Grand Lodge Updated: 2002/12/16 freemasonry.bcy.ca texts /occam.html var sc_project=1631325; var sc_invisible=1; var sc_partition=15; var sc_security="1e5f3e12";

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