1. Marcus Aurelius - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Illustrated biography of the emperor in this online encyclopedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius

Marcus Aurelius From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Marcus Aurelius Emperor of the Roman Empire Bust of Marcus Aurelius Reign March 8 (with Lucius Verus (alone); 17 March (with Commodus (Caesar) Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus Born 26 April Rome Died 17 March Vindobona or Sirmium Buried Hadrian's Mausoleum Predecessor Antoninus Pius Successor Commodus (alone) Consort to Faustina the Younger Dynasty Antonine Father Annius Verus Mother Domitia Lucilla Children 13, incl. Commodus , Marcus Annius Verus, Antoninus and Lucilla Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus Rome April 26 Vindobona or Sirmium March 17 ) was Roman Emperor from to his death in . He was the last of the " Five Good Emperors ", and is also considered one of the most important stoic philosophers His tenure was marked by wars in Asia against a revitalized Parthian Empire , and with Germanic tribes along the Limes Germanicus into Gaul and across the Danube . A revolt in the East, led by Avidius Cassius , failed. Marcus Aurelius' work Meditations , written on campaign between 170–180, is still revered as a literary monument to a government of service and duty and has been praised for its "exquisite accent and its infinite tenderness." Contents Early life Family Heir to the Empire Emperor ... edit Early life edit Family He was originally named Marcus Annius Catilius Salvius , when he married he took the name Marcus Antinius Venus . When he was named Emperor, he was given the name

2. Roman Emperors - DIR Marcus Aurelius The famous equestrian statue of marcus aurelius, which survived the centuries near San Giovanni in Laterano because the rider was identified as Constantine, http://www.roman-emperors.org/marcaur.htm

Virtual Catalog of Roman Coins An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors DIR Atlas Marcus Aurelius (A.D. 161-180) Herbert W. Benario Emory University Introduction and Sources The Vita of the emperor in the collection known as the Historia Augusta identifies him in its heading as Marcus Antoninus Philosophus , "Marcus Antoninus the Philosopher." Toward the end of the work, the following is reported about him, sententia Platonis semper in ore illius fuit, florere civitates si aut philosophi imperarent aut imperantes philosopharentur (27.7), "Plato's judgment was always on his lips, that states flourished if philosophers ruled or rulers were philosophers." It is this quality of Marcus' character which has made him a unique figure in Roman history, since he was the first emperor whose life was molded by, and devoted to, philosophy (Julian was the second and last). His reign was long and troubled, and in some ways showed the weaknesses of empire which ultimately led to the "Decline and Fall," yet his personal reputation, indeed his sanctity, have never failed of admirers. Contributing to his fame and reputation is a slender volume of Stoic philosophy which served as a kind of diary while he was involved in military campaigns, the Meditations , a book which can be described as an aureus libellus , a little golden book.

3. Marcus Aurelius During the reign of marcus aurelius the celebrated Pax Romana collapsed perhaps this made the emperor the most forbearing of all Stoics. http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/aurelius.htm

Choose another writer in this calendar: by name: A B C D ... Z by birthday from the calendar Credits and feedback TimeSearch for Books and Writers by Bamber Gascoigne Marcus Aurelius (121-180 AD) - full name Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Roman Emperor and Stoic, the author of Meditations in twelve books. Its first printing appeared in English in 1634. During the reign of Marcus Aurelius the celebrated Pax Romana collapsed - perhaps this made the emperor the most forbearing of all Stoics. An important feature of the philosophy was that everything will recur: the whole universe becomes fire and then repeats itself. Constantly regard the universe as one living being, having one substance and one soul; and observe how all things have reference to one perception, the perception of this one living being; and how all things act with one movement; and how all things are the cooperating causes of all things which exist; observe too the continuous spinning of the thread and the contexture of the web. (from The Meditations Marcus Aurelius Antoninus was born in Rome. He came from an aristocratic family long established in Spain. His father was Annius Verus. When only a small child, he caught the attention of the Emperor Hadrian (r. 117-138)

4. The Internet Classics Archive | The Meditations By Marcus Aurelius Full text of the twelve books, from the MIT Internet Classics Archive. http://classics.mit.edu/Antoninus/meditations.html

Home Browse and Comment Search ... Help The Meditations By Marcus Aurelius Written 167 A.C.E. Translated by George Long The Meditations has been divided into the following sections: Book One Book Two Book Three Book Four ... Book Twelve Commentary: Quite a few comments have been posted about The Meditations Read them or add your own Reader Recommendations: Recommend a Web site you feel is appropriate to this work, list recommended Web sites , or visit a random recommended Web site Download: A 238k text-only version is available for download

5. Marcus Aurelius (121-180 CE) [Internet Encyclopedia Of Philosophy] The philosophy of the Roman Emperor marcus aurelius can be found in a collection of personal writings known as the Meditations. These reflect the influence http://www.iep.utm.edu/m/marcus.htm

Marcus Aurelius The philosophy of the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius can be found in a collection of personal writings known as the Meditations . These reflect the influence of Stoicism and, in particular, the philosophy of the Stoic Epictetus. The Meditations may be read as a series of practical philosophical exercises, following Epictetus' three topics of study, designed to digest and put into practice philosophical theory. Central to these exercises is a concern with the analysis of one's judgements and a desire to cultivate a "cosmic perspective." Table of Contents (Clicking on the links below will take you to those parts of this article) 1. Life 2. The Meditations 3. Philosophy ... 5. References and Further Reading 1. Life Marcus Aurelius was born in AD 121. His early education was overseen by the Emperor Hadrian, and he was later adopted by the Emperor Antoninus Pius in AD 138. After an initial education in rhetoric undertaken by Fronto, Marcus later abandoned it in favor of philosophy. Marcus became Emperor himself in AD 161, initially alongside Lucius Verus, becoming sole Emperor in AD 169. Continual attacks meant that much of his reign was spent on campaign, especially in central Europe. However, he did find time to establish four Chairs of Philosophy in Athens, one for each of the principal philosophical traditions (Platonic, Aristotelian, Stoic, and Epicurean). He died in AD 180.

6. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Marcus Aurelius Antoninus marcus aurelius was one of the best men of heathen antiquity. Apropos of the Antonines the judicious Montesquieu says that, if we set aside for a moment the http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02109a.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... A > Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Roman Emperor, A.D. 161-180, born at Rome , 26 April, 121; died 17 March, 180. HIS EARLY LIFE (121-161) His father died while Marcus was yet a boy, and he was adopted by his grandfather, Annius Verus. In the first pages of his "Meditations" (I, i-xvii) he has left us an account, unique in antiquity, of his education by near relatives and by tutors of distinction; diligence, gratitude and hardiness seem to have been its chief characteristics. From his earliest years he enjoyed the friendship and patronage on the Emperor Hadrian , who bestowed on him the honour of the equestrian order when he was only six years old, made him a member of the Salian priesthood at eight, and compelled Antoninus Pius immediately after his own adoption to adopt as sons and heirs both the young Marcus and Ceionius Commodus known later as the Emperor Lucius Verus. In honour of his adopted father he changed his name from M. Julius Aurelius Verus to M. Aurelius Antoninus. By the

7. Island Of Freedom - Marcus Aurelius Offers a brief biography, drawn from three encyclopedias. http://www.island-of-freedom.com/AURELIUS.HTM

Island of Freedom Plato Aristotle Aurelius Plotinus ... Wittgenstein To make light of philosophy is to be a true philosopher. Blaise Pascal Home Theologians Philosophers Poets ... Siddhartha Marcus Aurelius Antoninus WORKS: The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Marcus Aurelius Antoninus was the Emperor of Rome from 161 until his death. Born Marcus Annius Verus, he was adopted by the emperor Antoninus Pius in 138, and married his daughter Annia Galeria Faustina a few years later. He succeeded to the throne without difficulty on Antoninus' death. Marcus Aurelius was educated by the best tutors in Rome and was a devotee of Stoicism. However, he felt with more religious fervour the communion of man in the unity of the universe than most other Stoics. In his later years he wrote the Meditations as a relief from his lonely office, in which he attempts to reconcile his Stoic philosophy of virtue and self-sacrifice with his role as emperor. As a philosopher Aurelius believed that a divine providence had placed reason in man, and it was in the power of man to be one with the rational purpose of the universe. This is a duty to a man himself and to the citizens of God's State. No man can be injured by another, he can only injure himself. He attempted to be a philosopher-king, which he considered a moral rather than a political ideal. He believed that the moral life leads to tranquility, and stressed the virtues of wisdom, justice, fortitude, and moderation. References: The Concise Encyclopedia of Western Philosophy and Philosophers

8. Stoicism: Marcus Aurelius. The Stoic Emperor The Roman emperor marcus aurelius was perhaps the only true philosopher king in the history of the world. He was not an original nor a systematic http://members.aol.com/Heraklit1/marcus.htm

Member of GSAnet Banner Swap Marcus Aurelius - the philosopher-emperor by Paul Harrison. Marcus Aurelius thought the Universe was divine. He was a Pantheist. Are you? Find out now at the Natural Pantheism site. CONTENTS Life of Marcus Marcus' thoughts Commodus about Marcus Aurelius and Commodus Everything harmonizes with me, which is harmonious to thee, o Universe. Nothing for me is too early or too late, which is in due time for thee. Marcus, Ephesus Museum Marcus Aurelius The Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius was perhaps the only true philosopher- king in the history of the world. He was not an original nor a systematic philosopher, but in his meditations, a series of notes to himself, he formulated his pantheist Stoic beliefs with a passionate religious conviction. He shared the basic Stoic belief in the divinity of the cosmos as an intelligent being with a soul, and stressed (perhaps too fatalistically) the harmony of all things and the importance of resigning oneself to whatever happened. Marcus Aurelius reigned from 161 AD to 180 AD. He seems to have been a good and conscientious ruler who was magnanimous towards his enemies. He banned informers, stamped down hard on corruption, and freed slaves at every opportunity. Although he tolerated the circus, he ordered gladiators to fight with blunted points. Needing extra funds for his wars in Eastern Europe, he refused to raise taxes but instead held a public auction of his own golden tableware and of his wife's silk and gold embroidered dresses.

9. Marcus Aurelius Quotes 84 quotes and quotations by marcus aurelius. marcus aurelius A man s worth is no greater than his ambitions. marcus aurelius http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/m/marcus_aurelius.html

Add the "Quote of the Day" to Your Site or Blog - it's EASY! Home Quote Topics Quote Keywords ... Author Nationalities Authors: A B C D ... Z Web brainyquote.com Marcus Aurelius Quotes Type: Soldier Quotes Category: Roman Soldier Quotes Date of Birth: April 26 Date of Death: March 17 Nationality: Roman Find on Amazon: Marcus Aurelius Related Authors: Robert Morgan William Tecumseh Sherman Douglas MacArthur Moshe Dayan ... Robert E. Lee A man should be upright, not be kept upright. Marcus Aurelius A man's worth is no greater than his ambitions. Marcus Aurelius A noble man compares and estimates himself by an idea which is higher than himself; and a mean man, by one lower than himself. The one produces aspiration; the other ambition, which is the way in which a vulgar man aspires. Marcus Aurelius Accept the things to which fate binds you, and love the people with whom fate brings you together, but do so with all your heart. Marcus Aurelius Adapt yourself to the things among which your lot has been cast and love sincerely the fellow creatures with whom destiny has ordained that you shall live. Marcus Aurelius And thou wilt give thyself relief, if thou doest every act of thy life as if it were the last.

10. Great Books Index - Marcus Aurelius Also recommended reading is Matthew Arnold s essay on marcus aurelius. Long s two essays and Arnold s essay are not online. http://books.mirror.org/gb.aurelius.html

GREAT BOOKS INDEX Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (121180) An Index to Online Great Books in English Translation AUTHORS/HOME TITLES ABOUT GB INDEX BOOK LINKS The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius Meditations Articles The Meditations (ca 167) HTML edition organized into twelve books (Classics Archive, 2040KB each book) Translated by George Long. HTML edition divided into books (Evansville) Translated by George Long. [Back to Top of Page] Links to Information About Marcus Aurelius Brief Biography of Marcus Aurelius (Ecole) Article on Stoicism (Stanford) This article by Dirk Baltzly provides an overview of the philosophical system within which Marcus Aurelius wrote. Western Canon Mailing List (P.J. Barnette, Jr) The "Meditations" is the October 1997 selection for discussion on the Western Canon mailing list. An excellent opportunity. Not online, but recommended: The Penguin Classics edition of the "Meditations", translated by Maxwell Staniforth. See particularly the introduction, also by Staniforth. Other translations than Long's and Staniforth's: Staniforth mentions several. Some of these are public domain and suitable for scanning for Project Gutenberg. In 1898, by G.H. Rendall, "the most lively, scholarly and idiomatic of all English versions." In 1634, by Meric Casaubon, "archaic, cumbrous and involved" [and one is reminded of Middlemarch]. And in 1701, by Jeremy Collier, "strays so far from the original that it is scarcely more than a paraphrase." Of Long's translation of 1862, Staniforth says it is "admirably correct, as literal as a school crib, and ... utterly unreadable." At least in the case of Long, you may judge for yourself.

11. Marcus Aurelius --  Britannica Online Encyclopedia Britannica online encyclopedia article on marcus aurelius Roman emperor (AD 161180), best known for his Meditations on Stoic philosophy. http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9050818/Marcus-Aurelius

var britAdCategory = "history"; Already a member? LOGIN Encyclopædia Britannica - the Online Encyclopedia Home Blog Advocacy Board ... Free Trial Britannica Online Content Related to this Topic This Article's Table of Contents Introduction Youth and apprenticeship Roman emperor The Meditations Assessment Additional Reading Ancient sources. Modern biographies. Chronological problems. Print this Table of Contents Linked Articles Hadrian Antoninus Pius Fronto Epictetus ... Annia Galeria Faustina Shopping New! Britannica Book of the Year The Ultimate Review of 2007. 2007 Britannica Encyclopedia Set (32-Volume Set) Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. New! Britannica 2008 Ultimate DVD/CD-ROM The world's premier software reference source. Marcus Aurelius Page 1 of 7 born April 26, AD 121, Rome died March 17, 180, Vindobona [Vienna], or Sirmium, Pannonia in full Caesar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus , original name (until AD Marcus Annius Verus Roman emperor ( AD Meditations on Stoic philosophy. Marcus Aurelius has symbolized for many generations in the West the Golden Age of the Roman Empire. Marcus Aurelius...

12. Marcus Aurelius Kirby, Peter. marcus aurelius. Early Christian Writings. 2008. 18 Jan. 2008 http//www.earlychristianwritings.com/aurelius.html . http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/aurelius.html

Home Other Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius At a Glance Treatise Genre Reliability of Dating Length of Text Greek Original Language: Ancient Translations: Modern Translations: English Estimated Range of Dating: 167-167 C.E. Chronological List Earlier Texts 65-80 Gospel of Mark 70-100 Epistle of James 70-120 Egerton Gospel 70-160 Gospel of Peter 70-160 Secret Mark 70-200 Fayyum Fragment 70-200 The Twelve Patriarchs 73-200 Mara Bar Serapion 80-100 2 Thessalonians 80-100 Ephesians 80-100 Gospel of Matthew 80-110 1 Peter 80-120 Epistle of Barnabas 80-130 Gospel of Luke 80-130 Acts of the Apostles 80-140 1 Clement 80-150 Gospel of the Egyptians 80-150 Gospel of the Hebrews 73-200 Christian Sibyllines 80-100 Apocalypse of John 90-120 Gospel of John Later Texts Online Text for Marcus Aurelius MIT Classics: The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius Project Gutenberg: The Meditations Online Resources for Marcus Aurelius Catholic Encyclopedia: Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Eutropius: The Reign of Marcus Aurelius Book Review of The Inner Citadel: The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius Offline Resources for Marcus Aurelius C. R. Haines

13. Marcus Aurelius 26 April 121 Marcus Annius Catilius Severus; 17 March 136 Marcus Annius Verus; 25 February 138 Marcus Aelius Aurelius Verus; 139 Aurelius Caesar http://www.livius.org/di-dn/divi_fratres/marcus.html

home index ancient Rome emperors Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius (British Museum, London) Marcus Aurelius: emperor of the Roman world (161-180). Names: 26 April 121: Marcus Annius Catilius Severus 17 March 136: Marcus Annius Verus 25 February 138: Marcus Aelius Aurelius Verus 139: Aurelius Caesar 7 March 161: Imperator Caesar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus 17 March 180: natural death Successor of: Antoninus Pius Relatives: father: Marcus Annius Verus mother: Domitia Lucilla married to: Faustina II children: Domitia Faustina; Titus Aurelius Antoninus Titus Aelius Aurelius Annia Lucilla (married to Lucius Verus ); Annia Aurelia Galeria Faustina; Titus Aelius Antoninus; a son; Fadilla ; Cornificia; Fulvus Antoninus and Commodus (twins); Marcus Annius Verus ; Hadrianus; Vibia Aurelia Sabina Early career: 121 Born in Rome 128 Coopted in the college of the Salii 136 Engaged to Ceionia Fabia, daughter of Lucius Aelius prefect of the Latin festival 138 Adopted by Antoninus Pius ; new engagement to Annia Galeria Faustina, daughter of Pius Quaestor ; recognized as caesar Consul 145 Consul II; mariage to Faustina

14. Ancient History Sourcebook: Marcus Aurelius Antonius: Meditations, 167 CE Marcus Aelius Aurelius Antoninus, was born in 121, was adopted by the emperor Antoninus Pius and succeeded him in 161, (as joint emperor with adoptive http://www.fordham.edu/HALSALL/ANCIENT/marcuaurelius1.html

Back to Ancient History Sourcebook Ancient History Sourcebook: Marcus Aurelius Antonius: Meditations, 167 CE Marcus Aelius Aurelius Antoninus, was born in 121, was adopted by the emperor Antoninus Pius and succeeded him in 161, (as joint emperor with adoptive brother Lucius Verus). He ruled alone from 169. He spent much of his reign in putting down variou rebellions, and was a persecutor of Christians. His fame rest, above all, on his Meditations , a series of reflections, strongly influenced by Epictetus, which represent a Stoic outlook on life. He died in 180 and was succeed by his natural son, thus ending the period of the adoptive emperors. Book I Book II Book III Book IV ... Book X BOOK ONE FROM my grandfather Verus I learned good morals and the government of my temper. From the reputation and remembrance of my father, modesty and a manly character. From my mother, piety and beneficence, and abstinence, not only from evil deeds, but even from evil thoughts; and further, simplicity in my way of living, far removed from the habits of the rich. From my great-grandfather, not to have frequented public schools, and to have had good teachers at home, and to know that on such things a man should spend liberally.

15. Roman Emperor - Marcus Aurelius The Stoic philosopher marcus aurelius followed Antoninus Pius as emperor and was followed by his own son Commodus. http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/marcusaurelius/Roman_Emperor_Marcus_Aurelius.

zGCID=" test0" zGCID=" test0 test8" zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') You are here: About Education Ancient / Classical History People and Places ... A-F Aurelius - Marcus Aurelius Ancient / Classical History Education Ancient History Essentials ... A-F Aurelius - Marcus Aurelius Roman Emperor - Marcus Aurelius The Stoic philosopher Marcus Aurelius followed Antoninus Pius as emperor and was followed by his own son Commodus. Leaders Kings Generals @ Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius Antoninus was a Stoic philosopher and Roman emperor. His philosophical writings are known as the Meditations. He was considered the last of the five good emperors and was succeeded by his son the infamous Roman emperor Commodus. Marcus Aurelius Picture and brief identification of the last of the five good emperors. Marcus Aurelius Meditations, Introduction The etext of the introduction to a public domain translation of the Meditations of the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius. Philosophers Timeline Chronological list of Greek and Roman philosophers and mathematicians with dates. Eutropius: The Reign of Marcus Aurelius Ancient History Sourcebook passage of Eurtropius on the reign of Marcus Aurelius. Mentions that Plutarch's grandson taught Marcus Aurelius Greek.

16. Marcus Aurelius: The Meditations The emperor Marcus Aelius Aurelius Antoninus who reigned from 161160 was the only Roman emperor besides Julius Caesar whose writings were to become part of http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~wldciv/world_civ_reader/world_civ_reader_1/aurelius.htm

Marcus Aurelius: The Meditations (167 CE) The emperor Marcus Aelius Aurelius Antoninus who reigned from 161-160 was the only Roman emperor besides Julius Caesar whose writings were to become part of the canon of Western classics. His Meditations are a loosely-organized set of thoughts relating to the stoic philosophy which had been popular among the better-educated citizens of Rome for some centuries. It stressed self-discipline, virtue, and inner tranquillity. Aurelius was also a social reformer who worked for the improvement of the lot of the poor, slaves, and convicted criminals. Non-Christians in the Western World have often looked to him as a role model. He was also a fierce persecutor of Christianity, doubtless because he felt that the religion threatened the values that had made Rome great. Aurelius was not an original or brilliant thinker, but his Meditations reflect well the stoic strain in Greco-Roman civilization. The emphasis on morality combined with emotional detachment is strongly reminiscent of Buddhist thought, with which Stoicism has often been compared. What arguments does Aurelius offer to help people accept death? How persuasive do you find them? How does this philosophy emphasize the independence of the individual? Does this emphasis on the individual result in selfishness? What theme does Aurelius share with the poem by Horace in this volume?

17. Blogger Beer Commenting on Global Politics, items of concern to marcus aurelius, and everything .. Name marcus aurelius Location Appleton, Wisconsin, United States http://bloggerbeer.blogspot.com/

@import url("http://www.blogger.com/css/blog_controls.css"); @import url("http://www.blogger.com/dyn-css/authorization.css?targetBlogID=8979014"); Blogger Beer Commenting on Global Politics, items of concern to Marcus Aurelius, and everything in between! Tuesday, January 22, 2008 This is Why... I was never convinced of Fred Thompson. FWIW, I would like to see Fred Thompson as president he seems to be the best of the lot, but I never really believed he was serious about it. He said he was a candidate and seemed to act as if there was plenty of time to do all the stuff needed to win the job. Fred Thompson has the ideology to be a great president however it seems to me he is sorely lacking in executive skills and ability. I think he was angling to serve as vice president all along, then he is set up for his own presidency. The conservatives are not particularly happy with John McCain and Mike Huckabee and I am not at all unsympathetic to that viewpoint. Right now the argument seems to be between the pragmatists and the principled and please do not read disdain for either camp by the terminology I use. One talk show host I listen to (unfortunately for I consider him an a blithering idiot) is most in favor of Ron Paul, however this guy tells us a online voter guide indicates Dennis Kucinich is ideal for his views (duh!), but is now coming out for John McCain. Blithering Idiot makes one good point and that is one based on pragmatism. John McCain is currently the only one who beats Hillary Clinton in national polling. Now, the principled say what's the difference?

18. Malaspina Great Books - Marcus Aurelius (121 CE) In 1862 the English literary critic and poet Matthew Arnold described marcus aurelius as the most beautiful figure in history. The Stoicism of Aurelius is http://www.malaspina.org/aureliusm.htm

Malaspina Great Books, Established 1995; Created by Russell McNeil, PhD, Visitors: With the growing importance of global warming, Climate News Live provides up-to-date news and information. This is a non-partisan source of timely news articles, current events, and the relevant topics that are shaping the public policy debate in the United States and elsewhere. ... (click on picture or headline above for more) title author Malaspina Great Books Blog The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius: Selections Annotated and Explained Russell McNeil, PhD Editor, Malaspina Great Books In 1862 the English literary critic and poet Matthew Arnold described Marcus Aurelius as "the most beautiful figure in history." The Stoicism of Aurelius is grounded in rationality and rests solidly on an ethical approach rooted in nature. Stoicism promises real happiness and joy in this life and a serenity that can never be soured by personal misfortune. This philosophy has universal appeal with practical implications on problems ranging from climate change and terrorism to the personal management of sickness, aging, depression and addiction. I truly believe that the Meditations of Marcus Aurelius has much to offer us now...(Click on book cover for more) var sc_project=434351; var sc_invisible=0; var sc_partition=2; var sc_security="";

19. Marcus Aurelius Imperator Caesar marcus aurelius Antoninus Augustus (April 26, 121 March 17, 180) was Roman Emperor from 161 to his death in 180. He was born Marcus Annius http://www.crystalinks.com/marcusaurelius.html

Marcus Aurelius Imperator Caesar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus (April 26, 121 ­ March 17, 180) was Roman Emperor from 161 to his death in 180. He was born Marcus Annius Catilius Severus, and at marriage took the name Marcus Annius Verus. When he was named Emperor, he was given the name Marcus Aurelius Antoninus. He was the last of the Five Good Emperors. Early Life Roman Emperor The joint succession may have been motivated by military exigency. During his reign Marcus Aurelius was almost constantly at war with various peoples outside the Empire. Germanic tribes and other peoples launched many raids along the long European border, particularly into Gaul - Germans, in turn, may have been under attack from more warlike tribes farther east. In Asia, a revitalized Parthian Empire renewed its assault. A highly authoritative figure was needed to command the troops, yet the emperor himself could not defend both fronts at the same time. Neither could he simply appoint a general to lead one assault; earlier popular military leaders like Julius Caesar and Vespasian had used the military to overthrow the existing government and install themselves as supreme leaders. Marcus Aurelius column, in Rome

20. Meditations By Emperor Of Rome Marcus Aurelius - Project Gutenberg Download the free eBook Meditations by Emperor of Rome marcus aurelius. http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/2680

Online Book Catalog Quick Search Author: Title Word(s): EText-No.: Advanced Search Recent Books Top 100 Offline Catalogs ... Main Page Project Gutenberg needs your donation! More Info Did you know that you can help us produce ebooks by proof-reading just one page a day? Go to: Distributed Proofreaders Meditations by Emperor of Rome Marcus Aurelius Help Read online Bibliographic Record Creator Marcus Aurelius, Emperor of Rome, 121-180 Title Meditations Language English LoC Class B: Philosophy, Psychology, Religion EText-No. Release Date Download this ebook for free Formats Available For Download Edition Format Encoding ¹ Compression Size Download Links Plucker none unknown main site HTML none 445 KB main site mirror sites HTML zip 158 KB main site mirror sites Plain text none 409 KB main site mirror sites Plain text zip 150 KB main site mirror sites ¹ If you need a special character set, try our online recoding service

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