1. The Mathematics Genealogy Project - Gottfried Leibniz Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Biography MathSciNet According to our current online database, Gottfried Leibniz has 2 students and 48030 descendants. http://genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=60985

2. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz - Wikipedia Translate this page Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit dem Mathematiker und Philosophen Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz; zu weiteren gleichnamigen Bedeutungen siehe Leibniz http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gottfried_Wilhelm_Leibniz

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklop¤die Wechseln zu: Navigation Suche Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit dem Mathematiker und Philosophen Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz; zu weiteren gleichnamigen Bedeutungen siehe Leibniz (Begriffskl¤rung) Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Portr¤t von B. Chr. Francke, um 1700; Herzog Anton Ulrich-Museum Gottfried Wilhelm Freiherr von Leibniz 1. Juli in Leipzig , geb. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz; † 14. November in Hannover ) war ein deutscher Philosoph und Wissenschaftler Mathematiker Diplomat Physiker ... Bibliothekar und Doktor des weltlichen und des Kirchenrechts . Er gilt als der universale Geist seiner Zeit und war einer der bedeutendsten Philosophen des ausgehenden und beginnenden 18. Jahrhunderts Inhaltsverzeichnis Leben Letzter Universalgelehrter Philosophie Aufkl¤rung ... Bearbeiten Leben Gottfried-Wilhelm-Leibniz-Denkmal in Leipzig Leibniz wurde am 21. Juni (nach dem in den evangelischen Territorien des Heiligen R¶mischen Reichs erst 1700 eingef¼hrten Gregorianischen Kalender am 1. Juli) 1646 in Leipzig geboren. Seine Eltern, insbesondere sein Vater, der aus Altenberg/Erzgeb.

3. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia Britannica online encyclopedia article on Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz German philosopher, mathematician, and political adviser, important both as a http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9047669/Gottfried-Wilhelm-Leibniz

document.writeln(''); document.writeln('Initializing application...'); Username Password Remember me Forgot your password? Browse Shop Log In Search Site: Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz German philosopher and mathematician Main born July 1 [June 21, old style], 1646, Leipzig died November 14, 1716, Hannover, Hanover German philosopher, mathematician, and political adviser, important both as a metaphysician and as a logician and distinguished also for his independent invention of the differential and integral calculus. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Link to this article and share the full text with the readers of your Web site or blog-post. If you think a reference to this article on "Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz" will enhance your Web site, blog-post, or any other web-content, then feel free to link to this article, and your readers will gain full access to the full article, even if they do not subscribe to our service. You may want to use the HTML code fragment provided below. Table of Contents Main Early life and education The Hanoverian period Additional Reading ... Citations Media Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, coloured stipple engraving.[Credits : The Granger Collection, New York]

4. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. born July 1, 1646 at Leipzig died November 14, 1716 at Hanover. If Leibniz was not as penetrating a mathematician as Newton, http://scidiv.bcc.ctc.edu/Math/Leibniz.html

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz born: July 1, 1646 at Leipzig died: November 14, 1716 at Hanover If Leibniz was not as penetrating a mathematician as Newton, he was perhaps a broader one, and while inferior to his English rival as an analyst and mathematical physicist, he probably had a keener mathematical imagination and a superior instinct for mathematical form. (Howard Eves) Co-inventor of calculus. Introduced the dy/dx and notations. Invented combinatorial analysis and made important initial contributions to symbolic logic. Lawyer. Diplomat. During his diplomatic duties in Paris in 1672, Leibniz met Christian Huygens, a physicist who knew a lot of mathematics, and Huygens agreed to teach Leibniz some of the 'newer' mathematics. By 1676, Leibniz had discovered many of the formulas of calculus as well as the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, 11 years after Newton's unpublished discovery. He introduced and used much of the notation commonly encountered in elementary calculus including the ratio dy/dx to denote a derivative and the familiar (at least to calculus students) (an elongated "S" for the Latin word summa or sum), to denote an integral. He devoted most of the rest of his life to diplomacy and work as the librarian for the Duke of Hanover, but he did find time to start one journal and to found the Berlin Academy of Science.

5. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: System Of Leibniz Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz was born at Leipzig on 21 June (1 July), 1646. In 1661 he entered the University of Leipzig as a student of philosophy and law http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09134b.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... L > The System of Leibniz The System of Leibniz I. LIFE OF LEIBNIZ Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz was born at Leipzig on 21 June (1 July), 1646. In 1661 he entered the University of Leipzig as a student of philosophy and law , and in 1666 obtained the degree of Doctor of Law at Altdorf. The following year he met the diplomat Baron von Boineburg, at whose suggestion he entered the diplomatic service of the Elector of Mainz . The years 1672 to 1676 he spent as diplomatic representative of Mainz at the Court of Louis XIV . During this time he paid a visit to London and made the acquaintance of the most learned English mathematicians, scientists , and theologians of the day. While at Paris he became acquainted with prominent representatives of Catholicism , and began to interest himself in the questions which were in dispute between Catholics and Protestants . In 1676 he accepted the position of librarian, archivist, and court councillor to the Duke of Brunswick . The remaining years of his life were spent at Hanover , with the exception of a brief interval in which he journeyed to Rome and to Vienna for the purpose of examining documents relating to the history of the House of Brunswick . He died at Hanover on 14 Nov., 1716.

6. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz - Wikipedia, Wolna Encyklopedia Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, znany tak e pod nazwiskiem Leibnitz (ur. 1 lipca 1646 w Lipsku, zm. 14 listopada 1716 w Hanowerze) – niemiecki filozof, http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gottfried_Wilhelm_Leibniz

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Z Wikipedii Skocz do: nawigacji szukaj Portret Leibniza pędzla Bernharda Chritopha Franckego , Brunszwik, Herzog Anton Ulrich-Museum, ok. 1700 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz , znany także pod nazwiskiem Leibnitz (ur. 1 lipca w Lipsku , zm. 14 listopada w Hanowerze ) – niemiecki filozof matematyk , prawnik, inżynier–mechanik, fizyk i dyplomata Spis treści Å»ycie Filozofia Teoria poznania - nowa teoria prawdy i przyczyna konieczna Teoria bytu - monady ... edytuj Å»ycie Leibniz pochodził najprawdopodobniej z rodziny polskich emigrant³w- Arian Lubienieckich . Urodził się w roku w Lipsku jako syn profesora filozofii miejscowego uniwersytetu. WstępujÄ c na tutejszy Uniwersytet miał 15 lat. Po skończeniu studi³w filozoficznych na uniwersytecie w Lipsku i napisaniu rozprawy naukowej pt. De principio individuali (1663), wyjechał bez zgody ojca do Heidelbergu , a potem Jeny Europy miał okazję poznać wszystkich ważniejszych filozof³w i naukowc³w swoich czas³w. Ten artykuł wymaga uzupełnienia źr³deł podanych informacji. Aby uczynić go weryfikowalnym , należy podać przypisy do materiał³w opublikowanych w wiarygodnych źr³dłach.

7. Leibniz Summary gottfried leibniz (16461716) gottfried wilhelm von leibniz gottfried leibniz was a German mathematician who developed the present day notation for http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Leibniz.html

Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz Click the picture above to see eight larger pictures Gottfried Leibniz was a German mathematician who developed the present day notation for the differential and integral calculus though he never thought of the derivative as a limit. His philosophy is also important and he invented an early calculating machine. Full MacTutor biography [Version for printing] List of References (228 books/articles) Some Quotations A Poster of Gottfried Leibniz Mathematicians born in the same country Show birthplace location Additional Material in MacTutor Leibniz's calculating machine Another picture of it Charles Bossut on Leibniz and Newton Honours awarded to Gottfried Leibniz (Click below for those honoured in this way) Fellow of the Royal Society Lunar features Crater Leibnitz Paris street names Rue Leibnitz and Square Leibnitz (18th Arrondissement) Other Web sites Encyclopaedia Britannica Astroseti (A Spanish translation of this biography) NNDB The Galileo Project Bellevue College USA Rouse Ball ... Kevin Brown (Leibniz on computers) The Catholic Encyclopedia Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Mathematical Genealogy Project ... Previous (Chronologically) Next Main Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Biographies index JOC/EFR © October 1998 The URL of this page is: http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Mathematicians/Leibniz.html

8. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Invented the differential and integral calculus (independently of Sir Isaac Newton), http://mally.stanford.edu/leibniz.html

Home Page Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (b. 1646, d. 1716) was a German philosopher, mathematician, and logician who is probably most well known for having invented the differential and integral calculus (independently of Sir Isaac Newton). In his correspondence with the leading intellectual and political figures of his era, he discussed mathematics, logic, science, history, law, and theology. Principal Works: De Arte Combinatoria Hypothesis Physica Nova unpublished manuscripts on the calculus of concepts, c. 1690 Nouveaux Essais sur L'entendement humaine Monadologia Leibniz's Life: Born July 1, 1646, in Leipzig 1661, entered University of Leipzig (as a law student) 1663, baccalaureate thesis, De Principio Individui 1667, entered the service of the Baron of Boineburg 1672 - 1676, lived in Paris (met Malebranche, Arnauld, Huygens) 1675, laid the foundation of the differential/integral calculus 1676, entered the service of the Duke of Hannover; worked on hydraulic presses, windmills, lamps, submarines, clocks, carriages, water pumps, the binary number system published Nova Methodus Pro Maximus et Minimus 1685, took on the duties of historian for the House of Brunswick

9. Gottfried Leibniz - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia gottfried wilhelm leibniz (also Leibnitz or von leibniz 1 (July 1 (June 21 Old Style) 1646 – November 14, 1716) was a German1 polymath who wrote http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leibniz

Gottfried Leibniz From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Leibniz Jump to: navigation search "Leibniz" redirects here. For other uses, see Leibniz (disambiguation) Western Philosophy 18th-century philosophy Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Name Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Birth July 1 June 21 Old Style Leipzig ... Electorate of Saxony Death November 14 Hannover Hanover School/tradition Rationalism Main interests Metaphysics Mathematics Theodicy Notable ideas Infinitesimal calculus Calculus Monad Theodicy ... Optimism Influenced by Plato Aristotle Aquinas Su¡rez ... Ramon Llull Influenced Many later mathematicians, Christian Wolff Kant Bertrand Russell Martin Heidegger Signature Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (also Leibnitz or von Leibniz July 1 June 21 Old Style November 14 ) was a German polymath who wrote primarily in Latin and French He was educated in law and philosophy , and serving as factotum to two major German noble houses (one becoming the British royal family while he served it citation needed ), Leibniz played a major role in the European politics and diplomacy of his day. He occupies an equally large place in both the history of philosophy and the history of mathematics . He discovered calculus independently of Newton , and his notation is the one in general use since. He also discovered the

10. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibnitz (1646 - 1716) gottfried wilhelm Leibnitz (or leibniz) was born at Leipzig on June 21 (O.S.), 1646, and died in Hanover on November 14, 1716. His father died before he was http://www.maths.tcd.ie/pub/HistMath/People/Leibniz/RouseBall/RB_Leibnitz.html

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibnitz (1646 - 1716) From `A Short Account of the History of Mathematics' (4th edition, 1908) by W. W. Rouse Ball. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibnitz (or Leibniz At Paris he met Huygens who was then residing there, and their conversation led Leibnitz to study geometry, which he described as opening a new world to him; though as a matter of fact he had previously written some tracts on various minor points in mathematics, the most important being a paper on combinations written in 1668, and a description of a new calculating machine. In January, 1673, he was sent on a political mission to London, where he stopped some months and made the acquaintance of Oldenburg, Collins, and others; it was at this time that he communicated the memoir to the Royal Society in which he was found to have been forestalled by Mouton. In 1673 the Elector of Mainz died, and in the following year Leibnitz entered the service of the Brunswick family; in 1676 he again visited London, and then moved to Hanover, where, till his death, he occupied the well-paid post of librarian in the ducal library. His pen was thenceforth employed in all the political matters which affected the Hanoverian family, and his services were recognized by honours and distinctions of various kinds, his memoranda on the various political, historical, and theological questions which concerned the dynasty during the forty years from 1673 to 1713 form a valuable contribution to the history of that time. Leibnitz's appointment in the Hanoverian service gave him more time for his favourite pursuits. He used to assert that as the first-fruit of his increased leisure, he invented the differential and integral calculus in 1674, but the earliest traces of the use of it in his extant note-books do not occur till 1675, and it was not till 1677 that we find it developed into a consistent system; it was not published till 1684. Most of his mathematical papers were produced within the ten years from 1682 to 1692, and many of them in a journal, called the

11. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Biography, introduction of main ideas and a chart with the order of angels. http://www.friesian.com/leibniz.htm

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716) Leibniz was one of the great philosophers of the age of Rationalism and the last major philosopher who was also a first rate, indeed a great, mathematician. His system, especially as developed by Christian Wolff (1679-1754), established the basic form of metaphysics in German universities, providing the philosophical starting point for Immanuel Kant (1724-1804). Leibniz's metaphysics is most profitably contrasted with that of his near contemporary Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677), since the two of them come down on exactly opposite sides of many important issues (giving us something like a step in Hegelian dialectic). Leibniz's system is also to be compared with the natural science of Isaac Newton (1642-1727), who became Leibniz's bitter enemy, not just in metaphysics, but in the argument over who had priority for the development of calculus. Leibniz, indeed, may have been the better mathematician, but he did not have Newton's success in applying mathematics to physical problems. Leibniz made his living mostly in the employ of German Princes, as a diplomat and even as a librarian, ending his days at the court of

12. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz -- Metaphysics [Internet Encyclopedia Of Philosophy] Summary of leibniz s main ideas, including The Idea of Truth or Problems of Freedom, Sin and Evil . From the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. http://www.iep.utm.edu/l/leib-met.htm

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716) Metaphysics This article provides an overview of Leibniz's metaphysic. Consequently, this entry will not deal with Leibniz's work on, for example, aesthetics, political philosophy, or (except incidentally) physics. Leibniz's "mature metaphysical career" spanned over thirty years. During this period, it would be surprising if some of his basic ideas did not change. Remarkably, however, the broad outline of his philosophy does remain constant. This entry is predominately concerned with this broad view of Leibniz's philosophical system. Table of Contents (Clicking on the links below will take you to those parts of this article) 1. Life 2. The Idea of Truth 3. Sufficient Reason 4. Substance, Briefly ... 12. Editions of Leibniz 1. Life Spinoza However, the great variety of Leibniz's work meant that he completed few of his ambitious projects. For present purposes, this means above all that Leibniz's rich and complex philosophy has to be gathered primarily from a large set of quite short manuscripts, many fragmentary and unpublished, as well has his various correspondences. (The last section of this entry

13. Leibniz A brief discussion of the life and works of gottfried leibniz, with links to electronic texts and additional information. http://www.philosophypages.com/ph/leib.htm

Philosophy Pages Search Dictionary Study Guide ... Locke Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Life and Works Individual Substances Sufficient Reason Best of All Possible ... Internet Sources After completing his philosophical and legal education at Leipzig and Altdorf, Gottfried Leibniz spent several years as a diplomat in France, England, and Holland, where he became acquainted with the leading intellectuals of the age. He then settled in Hanover, where he devoted most of his adult life to the development of a comprehensive scheme for human knowledge, comprising logic, mathematics, philosophy, theology, history, and jurisprudence. Although his own rationalism was founded upon an advanced understanding of logic , which Leibniz largely kept to himself, he did publish many less technical expositions of his results for the general public. These include a survey of the entire scheme in The New System of Nature (1695), a critical examination of Locke 's philosophy in Nouveaux Essaies sur l'entendement humain New Essays on Human Understanding ) (1704), and an attempt to resolve several theological issues in the

14. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Translate this page gottfried wilhelm leibniz wurde am 1. Juli (bzw. am 21. Juni alter Zeitrechnung) 1646 in Leipzig als Sohn eines Juraprofessors und einer Professorentochter http://www.leibniz-igb.de/leibniz.htm

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (Kurzbiographie) Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz wurde am 1. Juli (bzw. am 21. Juni alter Zeitrechnung) 1646 in Leipzig als Sohn eines Juraprofessors und einer Professorentochter geboren. Seine Eltern starben sehr früh, 1652 der Vater, 1664 die Mutter. In der Bibliothek seiner Eltern fand Leibniz genügend Stoff für seinen Wissenshunger, und schon als Achtjähriger brachte er sich ohne fremde Anleitung, nur mit Hilfe von illustrierten Büchern, die lateinische Sprache bei, die er wenige Jahre später, ebenso wie die griechische, hervorragend beherrschte. Mit 15 Jahren besuchte Leibniz die Universität seiner Heimatstadt, veröffentlichte mit 16 seine erste philosophische Schrift, legte mit 17 die erste philosophische Prüfung ab und wurde mit 18 Magister. Neben seinem Studium der Philosophie und Rechtswissenschaft in Leipzig (zwischendurch auch in Jena und in Altdorf bei Nürnberg) beschäftigte sich Leibniz intensiv mit Mathematik, Logik und Physik (z.B. Diskussion mit Otto v. Guericke), aber auch zeitlebens mit der Alchemie. In Leipzig wegen seines geringen Alters (er war kaum 20 Jahre alt) nicht zum Doktorat zugelassen, promovierte Leibniz 1666 in Altdorf zum Doktor beider Rechte, verzichtete aber danach auf eine akademische Karriere, da ihm die Entfaltung und praktische Anwendung seiner Fähigkeiten in den verkrusteten Strukturen einer Universität kaum möglich schienen. In Nürnberg machte Leibniz 1667 die Bekanntschaft mit dem ehemals kurmainzischen Minister Johann Christian Freiherr v. Boineburg, der ihm eine Anstellung als Hofrat, d.h. als diplomatischer Berater bei dem Mainzer Kurfürsten Johann Philipp von Schönborn vermittelte. In ursprünglich politischer Mission 1672 nach Paris gesandt (er sollte versuchen, Ludwig XIV. zum Angriff auf Ägypten zu bewegen, um Frankreichs Machtinteressen von Deutschland abzulenken), nutzte Leibniz seinen vierjährigen Aufenthalt in der europäischen Metropole, in der er mit führenden Gelehrten seiner Zeit zusammentraf, um sich vor allem auf mathematischem Gebiet weiterzubilden. Sein Lehrer und besonderer Förderer war der in Paris lebende holländische Physiker, Astronom und Mathematiker Christiaan Huygens.

15. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Quotes, biography, and a synopsis of the Monadology. http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/leibnitz.htm

Choose another writer in this calendar: by name: A B C D ... Z by birthday from the calendar Credits and feedback TimeSearch for Books and Writers by Bamber Gascoigne Baron Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz (1646-1716) - surname in some sources: Leibnitz German philosopher, mathematician, historian and jurist, contemporary of Newton (1642-1727), who left behind no philosophical magnum opus, but who is still considered to be among the giant thinkers of the 17th-century. Leibniz believed in "pre-established harmony" between matter and maid, and developed a philosophy of Rationalism by which he attempted to reconcile the existence of matter with the existence of God. Bertrand Russel wrote that Leibniz's intellect "was highly abstract and logical; his greatest claim to fame is as an inventor of the infinitesimal calculus." (from The Monadology Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was born in Leipzig as the son of a professor of moral philosophy. He received his masters degree from the University of Leipzig at the age of 18 and his doctorate in law at Altdorf in 1667. Leibniz preferred a courtly to and academich career and in 1669 he entered into the service of the elector of Mainz. Some years later he traveled to Paris to try to persuade Louis XIV to expel the Turks from Egypt in order to distract his attention from marching on Holland. The ploy did not work. In 1675 Leibniz made his most important scientific discovery, the differential and integral calculus which became the basis for modern mathematic. The discovery resulted in a controversy with Isaac Newton over whether he or Newton was the inventor. Nowadays it is generally agreed that they both discovered the basic foundations the calculus independently, Newton first but Leibniz's publication prededed that of Newton. Leibniz's system of notation is superior to that of Newton, and is still in use today. Newton's absolute space also was something Leibniz could not accept: "I hold space to be something merely relative, as time is; . . . For space denotes, in terms of possibility, an order to things which exist at the same time, considered as existing together."

16. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (Stanford Encyclopedia Of Philosophy) gottfried wilhelm leibniz (1646–1716) was one of the great thinkers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and is known as the last “universal genius”. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/leibniz/

Cite this entry Search the SEP Advanced Search Tools ... Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz First published Sat 22 Dec, 2007 Encyclopedia Posthumous Writings , p. 9) The aim of this entry is primarily to introduce Leibniz's life and summarize and explicate his views in the realms of metaphysics, epistemology, philosophical theology, and natural philosophy. Note that throughout this entry, the following standard abbreviations are used: PC (Principle of Contradiction), PSR (Principle of Suffficient Reason), PII (Principle of the Identity of Indiscernibles), PIN (Predicate-in-Notion Principle), and CIC (Complete Individual Concept). 1. Life 1.1 Chronology of Major Writings 2. Overview of Leibniz's Philosophy 3. Some Fundamental Principles of Leibniz's Philosophy ... Related Entries 1. Life Leibniz was born in Leipzig on July 1, 1646, two years prior to the end of the Thirty Years War, which had ravaged central Europe. His family was Lutheran and belonged to the educated elite on both sides: his father, Friedrich Leibniz, was a jurist and professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Leipzig, and his mother, Catharina Schmuck, the daughter of a professor of Law. Leibniz's father died in 1652, and his subsequent education was directed by his mother, uncle, and according to his own reports, himself. He was given access to his father's extensive library at a young age and proceeded to pore over its contents, particularly the volumes of ancient history and the Church Fathers.

17. Leibniz, Gottfried (1646-1716) -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Scientific Biog From Eric Weisstein s World of Scientific Biography. http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Leibniz.html

Branch of Science Mathematicians Branch of Science Philosophers ... German Leibniz, Gottfried (1646-1716) German philosopher, physicist, and mathematician whose mechanical studies included forces and weights. He believed in a deterministic universe which followed a "pre-established harmony." He extended the work of his mentor Huygens from kinematics to include dynamics He was self-taught in mathematics, but nonetheless developed calculus independently of Newton . Although he published his results slightly after Newton , his notation was by far superior (including the integral sign and derivative notation), and is still in use today. It is unfortunate that continental and English mathematicians remained embroiled for decades in a heated and pointless priority dispute over the discovery of calculus Leibniz made many contributions to the study of differential equations discovering the method of separation of variables reduction of homogeneous equations to separable ones, and the procedure for solving first order linear equations. He used the idea of the determinant 50 years before Cramer , and did work on the multinomial theorem Leibniz combined the Scala Naturae with his plenum (continuous) view of nature, and called the result the Law of Continuity. He believed that it was not possible to put organisms into discrete categories, stating "Natura non facit saltus" (Nature does nothing in leaps).

18. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646 - 1716) gottfried leibniz laid the modern foundation of the movement from decimal to binary as far back as 1666, laying out a method for reducing all logic to exact http://www.kerryr.net/pioneers/leibniz.htm

KerryR Home Pioneers Home Gallery Atanasoff ... Pioneers @ KerryR.net "It is unworthy of excellent men to lose hours like slaves in the labour of calculation which could safely be regulated to anyone else if machines were used." Picture gallery Links Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646 - 1716) Gottfried Leibniz laid the modern foundation of the movement from decimal to binary as far back as 1666 with his 'On the Art of Combination', laying out a method for reducing all logic to exact statements. Leibniz believed logic, or ‘the laws of thought’ could be moved from a verbal state - which was subject to the ambiguities of language, tone and circumstance - into an absolute mathematical condition: "A sort of universal language or script, but infinitely different from all those projected hitherto, for the symbols and even words in it would direct the reason, and errors, except for those of fact, would be mere mistakes in calculation. It would be very difficult to form or invent this language or characteristic, but very easy to understand it without any dictionaries." The concept was a bit high-flown for his time, and Leibniz' idea was ignored by the scientific community of his day. He let his proposition drop - until about ten years later when the Chinese 'Book of Changes', or 'I Ching', came his way.

19. Lemelson-MIT Program gottfried wilhelm leibniz was born in Leipzig, Germany on June 21, 1646. His father died when he was just five years old. He was raised by his mother, http://web.mit.edu/invent/iow/leibniz.html

This Week Inventor Archive Inventor Search Inventor of the Week Archive Browse for a different Invention or Inventor Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was born in Leipzig, Germany on June 21, 1646. His father died when he was just five years old. He was raised by his mother, whose religious and moral beliefs fostered his interest in philosophy. He taught himself to read Latin by age twelve and started studying Greek. In grade school he learned about Aristotle's logic and theory of categorizing knowledge. But he was dissatisfied with what he was learning and began working on his own ideas for ordering logical truths ‚ this would later develop into his ability to perform difficult mathematical proofs. In 1661, Leibniz entered the University of Leipzig. He studied philosophy and mathematics, graduating with a bachelor's degree in 1663. The following fall he started working toward a doctorate in law. Soon after he was awarded his master's degree in philosophy, his mother died, and Leibniz continued with his studies, eventually earning a bachelor's degree in law. He was denied the doctorate in law at Leipzig, but he went immediately to the University of Altdorf, where he received a doctorate in law in February, 1667.

20. EpistemeLinks: Website Results For Philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz General website search results for gottfried wilhelm leibniz including brief biographies, link resources, and more. Provided by EpistemeLinks. http://www.epistemelinks.com/Main/Philosophers.aspx?PhilCode=Leib

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