21. Modern History Sourcebook: Thomas Hobbes: Leviathan, Chap 13 Modern History Sourcebook thomas hobbes Leviathan, Chaps 1314, 1651. CHAPTER XIII. OF THE NATURAL CONDITION OF MANKIND AS CONCERNING THEIR FELICITY AND http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/hobbes-lev13.html

Back to Modern History SourceBook Modern History Sourcebook: Thomas Hobbes: Leviathan, Chaps 13-14, 1651 CHAPTER XIII: OF THE NATURAL CONDITION OF MANKIND AS CONCERNING THEIR FELICITY AND MISERY NATURE hath made men so equal in the faculties of body and mind as that, though there be found one man sometimes manifestly stronger in body or of quicker mind than another, yet when all is reckoned together the difference between man and man is not so considerable as that one man can thereupon claim to himself any benefit to which another may not pretend as well as he. For as to the strength of body, the weakest has strength enough to kill the strongest, either by secret machination or by confederacy with others that are in the same danger with himself. From this equality of ability arise the quality of hope in the attaining of our ends. And therefore if any two men desire the same thing, which nevertheless they cannot both enjoy, they become enemies; and in the way to their end (which is principally their own conservation, and sometimes their delectation only) endeavour to destroy or subdue one another. And from hence it comes to pass that where an invader hath no more to fear than another man's single power, if one plant, sow, build, or possess a convenient seat, others may probably be expected to come prepared with forces united to dispossess and deprive him, not only of the fruit of his labour, but also of his life or liberty. And the invader again is in the like danger of another.

22. Philosophers : Thomas Hobbes hobbes developed a materialist and highly pessimistic philosophy that was denounced in his own day and later, but has had a continuing influence on Western http://www.trincoll.edu/depts/phil/philo/phils/hobbes.html

Thomas Hobbes English Philosopher Hobbes developed a materialist and highly pessimistic philosophy that was denounced in his own day and later, but has had a continuing influence on Western political thought. His Leviathan (1651) presents a bleak picture of human beings in the state of nature, where life is "nasty, brutish, and short." Fear of violent death is the principal motive that causes people to create a state by contracting to surrender their natural rights and to submit to the absolute authority of a sovereign. Although the power of the sovereign derived originally from the people, Hobbes said-challenging the doctrine of the divine right of kings-the sovereign's power is absolute and not subject to review by either subjects or ecclesiastical powers. Hobbes's concept of the social contract led to investigations by other political theorists, notably Locke, Spinoza, and Rousseau, who formulated their own radically different theories of the social contract. See Also: Locke Spinoza Rousseau Index ... Feedback

23. Human Intelligence: Thomas Hobbes The biographical profile of thomas hobbes, focusing on his/her contributions to the development of intelligence theory and testing. http://www.indiana.edu/~intell/hobbes.shtml

Interactive Map Alphabetical Index Time Period Index Interactive Map ... Comments Thomas Hobbes (April 5, 1588 - December 4, 1679) English Philosopher Influences Student of: Influenced by: Students: Influenced: Time Period: Historical Foundations Education Magdalen Hall, Oxford University, 1608, B.A. Career 1608, became tutor of William Cavendish, later Earl of Devonshire 1640, authored , a defense of the monarchy, caused him to voluntarily exile himself to Paris for 11 years 1646-1648, math tutor to Prince of Wales, later King Charles II, who was also in exile in Paris Ideas and Contributions Thomas Hobbes was one of the first modern Western thinkers, the first in the line of British empiricists. He is also known for his English verse translations of Homer's Iliad and Odyssey . His writing provided a secular explanation of the political state, and denoted the departure in English philosophy from Scholasticism with its religious emphasis. Hobbes believed that understanding the psychology of individuals was necessary before one could develop an understanding of the state and government. He believed that humans are fearful and predatory, and must submit completely to the supremacy of the state in both secular and religious concerns. Hobbes asserted that there is a difference between knowledge and faith, which resulted in charges of atheistic tendencies. He is considered the first modern social psychologist because of his emphasis on the relationship between the individual and society. (

24. EpistemeLinks: Website Results For Philosopher Thomas Hobbes General website search results for thomas hobbes including brief biographies, link resources, and more. Provided by EpistemeLinks. http://www.epistemelinks.com/Main/Philosophers.aspx?PhilCode=Hobb

25. Leviathan, By Thomas Hobbes For offline reading, the complete set of pages is available for download from http//etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/h/hobbes/thomas/h68l/h68l.zip http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/h/hobbes/thomas/h68l/

Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes eBooks@Adelaide This web edition published by eBooks@Adelaide Rendered into HTML by Steve Thomas Last updated Mon Mar 12 20:24:47 2007. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Licence (available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/au/ You are free: to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work, and to make derivative works under the following conditions: you must attribute the work in the manner specified by the licensor; you may not use this work for commercial purposes; if you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under a license identical to this one. For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you get permission from the licensor. Your fair use and other rights are in no way affected by the above. For offline reading, the complete set of pages is available for download from http://etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/h/hobbes/thomas/h68l/h68l.zip The complete work is also available as a single file, at http://etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/h/hobbes/thomas/h68l/complete.html

26. Malaspina Great Books - Thomas Hobbes (1588) thomas hobbes (15881679) was a great English political philosopher, most famous for his book Leviathan. In this book, he described human nature and the http://www.malaspina.com/site/person_645.asp

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27. Literature.org - The Online Literature Library thomas hobbes. Leviathan. The Online Literature Library is sponsored by Knowledge Matters Ltd. Last updated Monday, 23May-2005 155605 GMT. http://www.literature.org/authors/hobbes-thomas/

Search Literature.org Literature.org Contact Thomas Hobbes Leviathan The Online Literature Library is sponsored by Knowledge Matters Ltd. Last updated Monday, 23-May-2005 15:56:05 GMT

28. Leviathan By Thomas Hobbes - Project Gutenberg Download the free eBook Leviathan by thomas hobbes. http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/3207

Online Book Catalog Quick Search Author: Title Word(s): EText-No.: Advanced Search Recent Books Top 100 Offline Catalogs ... Main Page Project Gutenberg needs your donation! More Info Did you know that you can help us produce ebooks by proof-reading just one page a day? Go to: Distributed Proofreaders Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes Help Read online Bibliographic Record Creator Hobbes, Thomas, 1588-1679 Title Leviathan Language English LoC Class JC: Political science: Political theory Subject Political science EText-No. Release Date Download this ebook for free Formats Available For Download Edition Format Encoding ¹ Compression Size Download Links Plucker none unknown main site Plain text us-ascii none 1.19 MB main site mirror sites Plain text us-ascii zip 426 KB main site mirror sites ¹ If you need a special character set, try our online recoding service

29. Thomas Hobbes. Leviathan. by thomas hobbes. INTRODUCTION NATURE (the art whereby God hath made and governs the world) is by the art of man, as in many other things, so in this also http://www.uoregon.edu/~rbear/hobbes/leviathan.html

Return to Renascence Editions Leviathan Thomas Hobbes The Second Part The Third Part The Fourth Part Note on the e-text: this Renascence Editions L EV I AT H A N by Thomas Hobbes INTRODUCTION To describe the nature of this artificial man, I will consider First, the matter thereof, and the artificer; both which is man. Secondly, how, and by what covenants it is made; what are the rights and just power or authority of a sovereign; and what it is that preserveth and dissolveth it. Thirdly, what is a Christian Commonwealth. Lastly, what is the Kingdom of Darkness. Concerning the first, there is a saying much usurped of late, that wisdom is acquired, not by reading of books, but of men. But let one man read another by his actions never so perfectly, it serves him only with his acquaintance, which are but few. He that is to govern a whole nation must read in himself, not this, or that particular man; but mankind: which though it be hard to do, harder than to learn any language or science; yet, when I shall have set down my own reading orderly and perspicuously, the pains left another will be only to consider if he also find not the same in himself. For this kind of doctrine admitteth no other demonstration. THE FIRST PART OF MAN CHAPTER I OF SENSE CONCERNING the thoughts of man, I will consider them first singly, and afterwards in train or dependence upon one another. Singly, they are every one a representation or appearance of some quality, or other accident of a body without us, which is commonly called an object. Which object worketh on the eyes, ears, and other parts of man's body, and by diversity of working produceth diversity of appearances. The original of them all is that which we call sense, (for there is no conception in a man's mind which hath not at first, totally or by parts, been begotten upon the organs of sense). The rest are derived from that original.

30. Great Books Index - Thomas Hobbes Biography of thomas hobbes (Oregon State); Mathematical Biography of hobbes (History of Math Archive) Includes several book references. http://books.mirror.org/gb.hobbes.html

GREAT BOOKS INDEX Thomas Hobbes (15881679) An Index to Online Great Books in English Translation AUTHORS/HOME TITLES ABOUT GB INDEX BOOK LINKS The Works of Thomas Hobbes Leviathan Citizen Articles Leviathan, or, Matter, Form, and Power of a Commonwealth, Ecclesiastical and Civil HTML edition (Adelaide) HTML edition in one document (Secular Web Library, 1.2MB) Text edition in one file (Constitution, 1.2MB) [Back to Top of Page] The Citizen HTML edition (Constitution) [Back to Top of Page] Links to Information About Thomas Hobbes Biography of Thomas Hobbes (Oregon State) Mathematical Biography of Hobbes (History of Math Archive) Includes several book references. Bjorn's Guide to Philosophy Hobbes (Bjorn's Guide) [Back to Top of Page] GREAT BOOKS INDEX MENU Great Books Index Home Page and Author List List of All Works by Author and Title [90KB] About the Great Books Index Links to Other Great Books and Literature Sites ... Literary Cryptograms Support for the Great Books Index web pages is provided by Ken Roberts Computer Consultants Inc URL: http://books.mirror.org/gb.hobbes.html

31. 28413. Hobbes, Thomas. The Columbia World Of Quotations. 1996 28413. hobbes, thomas. The Columbia World of Quotations. 1996. http://www.bartleby.com/66/13/28413.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Quotations The Columbia World of Quotations PREVIOUS ... AUTHOR INDEX The Columbia World of Quotations. NUMBER: QUOTATION: When the nature of the thing is incomprehensible, I can acquiesce in the Scripture: but when the signification of words is incomprehensible, I cannot acquiesce in the authority of a Schoolman.

32. Thomas Hobbes: De Cive: Contents De Cive. (The Citizen). Philosophical Rudiments Concerning Government and Society. by thomas hobbes. 1651. 15881679. Introduction by the Editor http://www.constitution.org/th/decive.htm

De Cive (The Citizen) Philosophical Rudiments Concerning Government and Society by Thomas Hobbes Introduction by the Editor Table of Contents Dedication and Preface Of Liberty. I Of the state of men without Civill Society II Of the Law of Nature concerning Contracts III Of the other Lawes of Nature IV That the Law of Nature is a Divine Law Of Dominion. V Of the causes, and first begining of civill Government VI Of the right of him, whether Counsell, or one Man onely, who hath the supreme power in the City VII Of the three kindes of Government, Democracy, Aristocracy, Monarchie VIII Of the Rights of Lords over their Servant IX Of the right of Parents over their children and of hereditary Government X A comparison between three kinds of government, according to their severall inconveniences XI Places and Examples of Scripture of the Rights of Government agreeable to what hath been said before XII Of the internal causes, tending to the dissolution of any Government XIII Concerning the duties of them who bear Rule XIV Of Lawes and Trespasses Of Religion XV Of the Kingdome of God, by Nature

33. Thomas Hobbes, 1588-1679 A page of links and resources about thomas hobbes, 15881679. http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/hobbes.html

Thomas Hobbes, 1588-1679 You will find a number of Internet resources about Thomas Hobbes by running your favorite search engine. Included here are just a few links I managed to find without too much difficulty. On Hobbes' life see the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy and the MacTutor . If you are feeling ambitious, take a look at John Aubrey's, A Brief Life of Thomas Hobbes (text only) or A Survey of Mr Hobbes and His Leviathan , by Edward, Earl of Clarendon (text only). There is also a Hobbes links page worth looking at. A text only version of Hobbes' Elements of Law, Natural and Politic (1640) is available. His treatise De Cive is also available in three parts (Part 1: Liberty , Part 2: Dominion , Part 3: Religion ). The full text of Leviathan is available at Oregon State Included here is a selection from Hobbes' discussion of the natural condition of mankind (state of nature) from the Leviathan . A select bibliography follows the selection. CHAPTER XIII: Of the NATURAL CONDITION of mankind, as concerning their Felicity, and Misery

34. Hobbes, Thomas Glossary of Religion and Philosophy Short Biography of thomas hobbes. http://atheism.about.com/library/glossary/general/bldef_hobbes.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') You are here: About Agnosticism / Atheism Agnosticism / Atheism Atheism ... Help Thomas Hobbes Back to Last Page Glossary Index Related Terms determinism ghost in the machine free will Name: Thomas Hobbes Dates: Born: April 5, 1588 in London, England Died: December 4, 1679 in Hardwick, England Biography: Thomas Hobbes is best known for his book Leviathan Hobbes' perspective on human nature was pessimistic and he argued that the natural state of human affairs was one of constant struggle and violence - something which a strong government is able to overcome. Thus, he argued that obedience even to an arbitrary and unpleasant government is necessary to avoid the even greater evils of chaos and anarchy - the war of "every man against every man" which would exist in nature without the state. Also as a result, his description of the functions of the state are based on how it can achieve those goals. Hobbes is also well known for the fact that he based his analysis of human nature on purely materialistic premises, refusing to resort to any divine agency in order to explain why humans act the way they do. According to Hobbes, "the Universe, that is the whole mass of things that are, is corporeal, that is to say body." The whole universe was treated as a great machine, and he did not feel the need to assume the existence of any "ghost in the machine, as did Descartes. He thus argued for a form of determinism in human conduct, although he accepted a form of compatibilism between deterministic nature and human free will.

35. BBC - Radio 4 In Our Time - Thomas Hobbes In Our Time explores the history of ideas, this week thomas hobbes. http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/history/inourtime/inourtime_20051201.shtml

@import '/includes/tbenh.css'; Home TV Radio Talk ... Radio 4 PROGRAMME FINDER: A-Z Directory Listen Again Download/Podcast What's On Listings ... Presenters PROGRAMME GENRES: Arts and Drama Science History Factual TOP PROGRAMMES THIS WEEK: The Archers Today Programme Woman's Hour In Our Time ... Contact Us Like this page? Send it to a friend! In Our Time MISSED A PROGRAMME? Go to the Listen Again page PROGRAMME INFO Thursday 9.00-9.45am repeated 9.30pm The big ideas which form the intellectual agenda of our age are illuminated by some of the best minds. Melvyn Bragg and three guests investigate the history of ideas and debate their application in modern life. LISTEN AGAIN Listen to this edition of In Our Time PRESENTER Melvyn Bragg BIOGRAPHY PROGRAMME DETAILS Thursday 1 December 2005 THOMAS HOBBES Read audience comments on this edition. Find out more about this subject by using our research page "During the time men live without a common power to keep them all in awe, they are in that condition which is called war; and such a war as is of every man against every man". Thomas Hobbes, the great seventeenth century philosopher, was principally interested in political philosophy. For Hobbes, the difference between order and disorder was stark. In the state of nature, ungoverned man lived life in "continual fear, and danger of violent death". The only way out of this "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short" existence, he said, was to relinquish all your freedom and submit yourself to one all powerful absolute sovereign. Hobbes's proposal, contained in his controversial, and now classic text,

36. OUP: UK General Catalogue As well as brilliant snapshots of some of the lesser known and even arcane aspects of the life and works of thomas hobbes, it provides a necessary http://www.oup.com/uk/catalogue/?ci=9780199247141

37. Thomas Hobbes Collection of essays by thomas hobbes. thomas hobbes. 1588 1679 . Leviathan (1651). . e-mail the URL of this page http://www.infidels.org/library/historical/thomas_hobbes/

Library Historical Documents : Thomas Hobbes Thomas Hobbes Leviathan e-mail the URL of this page Present Last updated: Saturday, 17-Jun-2006 21:12:37 CDT

38. Thomas Hobbes Quotes - The Quotations Page thomas hobbes (1588 1679) English political philosopher more author details thomas hobbes, The Leviathan . - 3 Quotations in other collections http://www.quotationspage.com/quotes/Thomas_Hobbes/

Quotation Search by keyword or author: Home Weblog Quotes of the Day Motivational ... Read books online at our other site: The Literature Page Quotations by Author Thomas Hobbes (1588 - 1679) English political philosopher [more author details] Showing quotations 1 to 3 of 3 total Appetite, with an opinion of attaining, is called hope; the same, without such opinion, despair. Thomas Hobbes - More quotations on: [ Hope Leisure is the mother of philosophy. Thomas Hobbes - More quotations on: [ Philosophy The life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short. Thomas Hobbes "The Leviathan" 3 Quotations in other collections Search for Thomas Hobbes at Amazon.com Showing quotations 1 to 3 of 3 total Previous Author: Adolf Hitler Next Author: Edward Wallis Hoch Return to Author List Browse our complete list of 3141 authors by last name: A B C D ... Z (c) 1994-2007 QuotationsPage.com and Michael Moncur Please read the

39. Oxford Scholarship Online: Aspects Of Hobbes Abstract Presents a set of extended essays on a variety of aspects of the life and work of the philosopher thomas hobbes (1588–1679). http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/oso/public/content/philosophy/9780199247141/toc

About OSO What's New Subscriber Services Help ... Philosophy Subject: Philosophy Book Title: Aspects of Hobbes Aspects of Hobbes Malcolm, Noel , Senior Research Fellow, All Souls College, Oxford Print publication date: 2002 Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: November 2003 Print ISBN-13: 978-0-19-924714-1 doi:10.1093/0199247145.001.0001 Abstract: Keywords: Hobbes Table of Contents Preface 1. A Summary Biography of Hobbes 2. Hobbes and Spinoza 3. Hobbes, Sandys, and the Virginia Company 6. Hobbes and Roberval 7. The Title Page of Leviathan, Seen in a Curious Perspective 10. Hobbes and the Royal Society 12. Hobbes, Ezra, and the Bible: The History of a Subversive Idea 14. Hobbes and the European Republic of Letters Bibliography Index doi: Quick Search Form Quick Search search entire site search this title only Advanced Search Bibliography Search Contents Full Book Contents Preface 1 A Summary Biography of Hobbes 2 Hobbes and Spinoza ... Return to top of list Citation Export View other titles in: History of Philosophy SUBSCRIBER If you are not logged into OSO, please

40. SparkNotes: Leviathan thomas hobbes. Message Boards Ask a question or start a discussion on the SparkNotes community boards. Leviathan hobbes http://www.sparknotes.com/philosophy/leviathan/

saveBookmark("", "", ""); Shopping Cart Checkout Home Other Subjects ... Philosophy Study Guides : Leviathan - Navigate Here - Context Summary Important Terms Book I, Chapters 1-3 Book I, Chapters 4-5 Book I, Chapters 6-9 Book I, Chapters 10-13 Book I, Chapters 14-16 Book II, Chapters 17-19 Book II, Chapters 20-24 Book II, Chapters 25-31 Book III Book IV Study Questions Review Quiz Further Reading Context Summary Important Terms Book I, Chapters 1-3 ... How do I cite this SparkNote? Classic Books Read the classic text for free online. Leviathan Study Guides Learn more about the subject you're studying with these related SparkNotes. Thomas Hobbes Message Boards Ask a question or start a discussion on the SparkNotes community boards. Leviathan Hobbes Help Feedback ... Send to a friend Need an overview of the history of Western thought? Philosophy Classics is your one-stop guide to everything philosophy. More... With one guide, you’ll get all your Sociology textbooks distilled down to the essentials. More... - Navigate Here - Context Summary Important Terms Book I, Chapters 1-3

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