21. Walter Benjamin, "The Work Of Art In The Age Of Mechanical Reproduction" walter benjamin, The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction . (Note Footnote numbers appear thus 1. The notes are at the end of the file. http://web.bentley.edu/empl/c/rcrooks/toolbox/common_knowledge/general_communica

Walter Benjamin, "The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction" (Note: Footnote numbers appear thus: [1]. The notes are at the end of the file. Click on any note number to go to the note.) Our fine arts were developed, their types and uses were established, in times very different from the present, by men whose power of action upon things was insignificant in comparison with ours. But the amazing growth of our techniques, the adaptability and precision they have attained, the ideas and habits they are creating, make it a certainty that profound changes are impending in the ancient craft of the Beautiful. In all the arts there is a physical component which can no longer be considered or treated as it used to be, which cannot remain unaffected by our modern knowledge and power. For the last twenty years neither matter nor space nor time has been what it was from time immemorial. We must expect great innovations to transform the entire technique of the arts, thereby affecting artistic invention itself and perhaps even bringing about an amazing change in our very notion of art. [Quoted from Paul Valery, *Aesthetics*, "The Conquest of Ubiquity," translated by Ralph Manheim, p. 225. Pantheon Books, Bollingen Series, New York, 1964.]

22. ARTseenSOHO - Walter Benjamin, From Illuminations walter benjamin the unique value of the authentic work of art has its basis in ritual, the location of its original use value. http://www.artseensoho.com/Life/readings/benjamin.html

Walter Benjamin ...the unique value of the "authentic" work of art has its basis in ritual, the location of its original use value. ...To an ever greater degree the work of art reproduced becomes the work of art designed for reproducibility. ...but the instant the criterion of authenticity ceases to be applicable to artistic production, the total function of art is reversed. Instead of being based on ritual, it begins to be based on another practice - politics. With the different methods of technical reproduction of a work of art, its fitness for exhibition increased to such an extent that the quantitative shift between its two poles turned into a qualitative transformation of its nature. This is comparable to the situation of the work of art in prehistoric times when, by the absolute emphasis on its cult value, it was, first and foremost, an instrument of magic. Only later did it come to be recognized as a work of art. In the same way today, by the absolute emphasis on its exhibition value the work of art becomes a creation with entirely new functions, among which the one we are conscious of, the artistic function, later may be recognized as incidental. ... Excerpted from his essay The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction (1928?) reprinted in Illuminations Schocken Books 62 Cooper Square NYC 10003

23. Walter Benjamin Quotes 30 quotes and quotations by walter benjamin. walter benjamin All human knowledge takes the form of interpretation. walter benjamin http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/w/walter_benjamin.html

Add the "Quote of the Day" to Your Site or Blog - it's EASY! Home Quote Topics Quote Keywords ... Author Nationalities Authors: A B C D ... Z Web brainyquote.com Walter Benjamin Quotes Type: Critic Quotes Category: German Critic Quotes Date of Birth: July 15 Date of Death: September 27 Nationality: German Find on Amazon: Walter Benjamin Related Authors: William Hazlitt Charles Lamb Leslie Fiedler Paul Weyrich ... Georg Brandes All disgust is originally disgust at touching. Walter Benjamin All human knowledge takes the form of interpretation. Walter Benjamin Books and harlots have their quarrels in public. Walter Benjamin Boredom is the dream bird that hatches the egg of experience. A rustling in the leaves drives him away. Walter Benjamin Counsel woven into the fabric of real life is wisdom. Walter Benjamin Death is the sanction of everything the story-teller can tell. He has borrowed his authority from death. Walter Benjamin Every passion borders on the chaotic, but the collector's passion borders on the chaos of memories. Walter Benjamin Genuine polemics approach a book as lovingly as a cannibal spices a baby. Walter Benjamin Gifts must affect the receiver to the point of shock.

24. One-Way Street walter benjamin, OneWay Street. Post No Bills. The Writer s Technique in Thirteen Theses. I. Anyone intending to embark on a major work should be lenient http://www.english.ucsb.edu/faculty/rraley/research/Benjamin.html

Walter Benjamin, One-Way Street Post No Bills The Writer's Technique in Thirteen Theses I. Anyone intending to embark on a major work should be lenient with himself and, having completed a stint, deny himself nothing that will not prejudice the next. II. Talk about what you have written, by all means, but do not read from it while the work is in progress. Every gratification procured in this way will slacken your tempo. If this regime is followed, the growing desire to communicate will become in the end a motor for completion. III. In your working conditions avoid everyday mediocrity. Semi-relaxation, to a background of insipid sounds, is degrading. On the other hand, accompaniment by an etude or a cacophony of voices can become as significant for work as the perceptible silence of the night. If the latter sharpens the inner ear, the former acts as a touchstone for a diction ample enough to bury even the most wayward sounds. IV. Avoid haphazard writing materials. A pedantic adherence to certain papers, pens, inks is beneficial. No luxury, but an abundance of these utensils is indispensable.

25. Walter Benjamin The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction. walter benjamin. Preface Section I Section II Section III, Section IV Section V Section VI http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Modules/MC10220/benjamin.html

The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction Walter Benjamin Preface Section I Section II Section III ... Links Our fine arts were developed, their types and uses were established, in times very different from the present, by men whose power of action upon things was insignificant in comparison with ours. But the amazing growth of our techniques, the adaptability and precision they have attained, the ideas and habits they are creating, make it a certainty that profound changes are impending in the ancient craft of the Beautiful. In all the arts there is a physical component which can no longer be considered or treated as it used to be, which cannot remain unaffected by our modern knowledge and power. For the last twenty years neither matter nor space nor time has been what it was from time immemorial. We must expect great innovations to transform the entire technique of the arts, thereby affecting artistic invention itself and perhaps even bringing about an amazing change in our very notion of art. Preface When Marx undertook his critique of the capitalistic mode of production, this mode was in its infancy. Marx directed his efforts in such a way as to give them prognostic value. He went back to the basic conditions underlying capitalistic production and through his presentation showed what could be expected of capitalism in the future. The result was that one could expect it not only to exploit the proletariat with increasing intensity, but ultimately to create conditions which would make it possible to abolish capitalism itself.

26. Internationale Walter Benjamin Gesellschaft The International walter benjamin Gesellschaft is dedicated to studying and supporting the creative and visionary potential of walter benjamin’s works, http://www.iwbg.uni-duesseldorf.de/Startseite_English

Who we are Walter Benjamin Essays Reviews ... Links Research, Exchange and Visions We would like to invite you to make a commitment to critical thought processes, as we investigate the works of the philosopher and literary critic Walter Benjamin We provide information about institutions, societies, associations, foundations, projects, events and research materials. We would like to foster international communication by providing a forum for expressing new ideas. You will find texts about the life and works of Walter Benjamin. You also have the opportunity to publish. Your publications are then accessible to an international audience. We are dependent upon your support, in order to continue developing and expanding this site. We are grateful for any texts, reviews, or features about institutions and initiatives, as well as for tips concerning upcoming events related to Walter Benjamin and his era. Tidings Who killed Walter Benjamin... David Mauas' documentary film about the last hours in the life of Walter Benjamin Synopsis In September 1940, after seven years of exile, Walter Benjamin crosses the Pyrenees in a desperate attempt to escape the Nazis.

27. Walter Benjamin,"The Work Of Art In The Age Of Mechanical Reproduction" by walter benjamin, 1937. 5 main ideas, TO flash movies that illustrate these ideas. click on the number to go to the flash movie http://pages.emerson.edu/Courses/spring00/in123/workofart/benjamin.htm

by Walter Benjamin, 1937 5 main ideas: TO flash movies that illustrate these ideas click on the number to go to the flash movie click on the keyword to go to that part of the essay To an ever greater degree the work of art reproduced becomes the work of art designed for reproducibility The film responds to the shriveling of the aura with an artificial build-up of the "personality" outside the studio. The equipment-free aspect of reality here has become the height of artifice; the sight of immediate reality has become an orchid in the land of technology. Magician and surgeon compare to painter and cameraman. By close-ups of the things around us, by focusing on hidden details of familiar objects, by exploring commonplace milieus under the ingenious guidance of the camera, the film, on the one hand, extends our comprehension of the necessities which rule our lives; on the other hand, it manages to assure us of an immense and unexpected field of action. . . . With the close-up, space expands; with slow motion, movement is extended. KEY CONCEPTS: TO images original aura cult value ... dadaism THE COMPLETE TEXT (Footnote numbers appear thus: . The notes are at the end of the file.) PREFACE I II III ... NOTES "Our fine arts were developed, their types and uses were established, in times very different from the present, by men whose power of action upon things was insignificant in comparison with ours. But the amazing growth of our techniques, the adaptability and precision they have attained, the ideas and habits they are creating, make it a certainty that profound changes are impending in the ancient craft of the Beautiful. In all the arts there is a physical component which can no longer be considered or treated as it used to be, which cannot remain unaffected by our modern knowledge and power.

28. WALTER BENJAMIN AND MAX HORKHEIMER A paper by Dr. Ilan GurZe ev, in the Journal of Jewish Thought and Philosophy, 8 (1998). http://construct.haifa.ac.il/~ilangz/Utopia4.html

Walter Benjamin and Max Horkheimer: From utopia to redemption Ilan Gur-Ze’ev The Critical Theory in the Frankfurt School underwent an impressive and substantial Odyssey from its origins in the early 1930s until it reached its climax in the 1960s, exhausting itself in the 1970s. This evolution can be interpreted in the light of the productive inner tensions between two tendencies: a positive optimistic utopianism and a negative utopian pessimism. It will be shown how this negative tendency joins forces with the traditional Jewish conception of redemption. Horkheimer discussed utopianism in his 1927 lectures at the University of Frankfurt. There he denounced the utopians as romantics who regard the past as a golden age, instead of acting in a concrete way towards shaping the future. He returned to this topic in 1930 in his essay "Origins of Bourgeois Philosophy of History." Clearly, the utopian tradition served merely as a subject of research. In no way did he consider himself as taking part in such a tradition. Utopia is examined together with the defamed ideology. While ideology affects reality, utopia enacts "a dream on a 'right' and 'just' form of life." Based on the critique of economic reality

29. L'Encyclopédie De L'Agora: Walter Benjamin Translate this page Dossier complet sur le philosophe allemand dans l encyclopédie de l Agora. http://agora.qc.ca/mot.nsf/Dossiers/Walter_Benjamin

var menupardefaut = ''; L'encyclopédie Partenariats Index Magazine ... Colloque "Pratiques soignantes, éthiques et société" (RISES, Université Lyon 3) Michel Tétu Le défi Internet Jacques Dufresne Google Knol, l'encyclopédie de Google Jacques Dufresne The Death of French Culture Jacques Dufresne Poèmes Guido Gezelle La Saga de Gösta Berling (Extraits) Selma Lagerlöf Elckerlyc (Everyman) Oedipe Roi Voltaire Les deux fils de Brutus (Extrait) Voltaire Rencontres Dossier Walter Benjamin Biographie en résumé Écrivain, essayiste et traducteur allemand qui conjugua la théologie, la philosophie du langage et le marxisme. Il se rend à Paris dès 1913, et c'est là qu'il se réfugiera à partir de 1933. «Paris est la grande salle de lecture d'une bibliothèque que traverse la Seine.» (Walter Benjamin , Images de pensée .) Il fut proche d'Adorno, Horkheimer, Brecht, etc. Walter Benjamin (penseur allemand 1892-1940); velcro icône réalisée au prismacolor André Mongeau Walter Benjamin, un penseur mal entendu En 1914, alors que la première guerre mondiale éclate, il est marqué par le suicide de plusieurs de ses amis Kafka et de Klee Bertold Brecht Ernst Bloch ou encore Hannah Arendt Alors que Hitler Baudelaire ou de Proust 1. La puissance du langage

30. Rana Dasgupta The Storyteller by walter benjamin Reflections on the works of Nikolai Leskov novel, fairytale, literature, time, death, information, narrative http://www.ranadasgupta.com/notes.asp?note_id=61

31. Surrealism 3 walter benjamin, The Correspondence of walter benjamin 19101940, ed. Gershom Scholem and Theodor W. Adorno, trans. Manfred R. Jacobson and Evelyn M. http://courses.nus.edu.sg/course/ellpatke/Benjamin/benjamin_surrealism.htm

Walter Benjamin, Surrealism and Photography Rajeev S. Patke National University of Singapore Paper presented at Workshop on ‘Literature as Revolt in Twentieth Century Europe’, 17 August 1998, The University of Haifa, Israel (6 th ISSEI Conference) Benjamin wrote his essay on Surrealism during 1928, when the Surrealist movement was still in what André Breton called its transition from an "intuitive" to a "reasoning" phase. Benjamin's recent work, the city- montage of One-Way Street (1928), had taken on the challenges presented to the writer by the natural history of the modern, post-Baudelairean, urban landscape of Europe. It had given him a presentiment of what was to become the Arcades project, the main preoccupation of his last decade. These developments were accompanied by the onset of a highly personal commitment to Marxism. In this context, his relation to the Surrealists was adventitious and fortuitous. He was neither part of the movement, nor close to its members, though he looked on, first with a keen—and then with a disappointed—eye on their activities in Paris. In 1926, he had found Louis Aragon's

32. Walter Benjamin's Grave By Michael Taussig, An Excerpt An excerpt from walter benjamin s Grave by Michael Taussig. Also available on web site online catalogs, secure online ordering, excerpts from new books. http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/790045.html

An excerpt from Michael Taussig Yet name or no name, the place was overwhelming. even the dead franquistas Doctor Benjamin Walter, to be precise. Hence he was buried in the cemetery reserved for Catholics and far from being nameless, he became a fake just like his grave, a fake Christian and a body with a fake name. You see this name in the receipt made out to the dead man, the difunto Benjamin Walter, by the Hotel de Francia, for the four-day stay that includes five sodas with lemon, four telephone calls, dressing of the corpse, plus disinfection of his room and the washing and whitening of the mattress. You see it in the receipt made out by the physician for seventy-five pesetas for his injections and taking the blood pressure of the traveler, el viajero, el difunto, Even the dead Even the dead. Even the dead Symposium. Death poses the same issue. Exactly. A young man sits on the other side of the compartment a few seats forward. He speaks no Spanish and he is worried, sick with worry. He has a large black bag made of cheap material that he keeps on the seat next to him, preventing anyone from sitting there. He looks around all the time like an animal in a cage. I first spotted him in the gloomy Estacio Sants must cartera grande

33. With Apologies To Walter Benjamin « Adam Greenfield’s Speedbird With apologies to walter benjamin. 19 January 2008 – 12.09 UTC; Posted in Book project, Flows Already today, as the contemporary mode of http://speedbird.wordpress.com/2008/01/19/with-apologies-to-walter-benjamin/

Clean living under difficult circumstances About Speedbird Contact Adam Greenfield Buy my first book, Everyware ... With apologies to Walter Benjamin Posted in Book project Flows Already today , as the contemporary mode of knowledge-production demonstrates, the book is an obsolete mediation between two different hypertext systems. For everything essential is found on the del.icio.us page of the researcher who writes it , and the reader who studies it assimilates it into his or her own blog. Back by popular demand: the Minimal Compact Bookproject update 001: Two tracks, Scrivener, print bids 3 Comments Mike W. Posted 19 January 2008 at 13.16 UTC Permalink Enrique Ramirez Posted 19 January 2008 at 15.29 UTC Permalink http://www.flickr.com/photos/egr/1099751472/ August Posted 20 January 2008 at 06.10 UTC Permalink One Trackback/Pingback By Adam Crowe on 19 Jan 2008 at 8:32 pm Post a Comment Name Email Website Comment Search Useful information About Speedbird Buy my first book, Everyware Contact Adam Greenfield ... RSS feeds From the Speedbird monthly archives January 2008 December 2007 November 2007 October 2007 ... August 2006 Active discussions AG on Jamie on Like It Matters on Twenty-four hours with my OLPC AG on Mark on Briefly noted Elsewhere AG Flickr Anti-mega Blackbeltjones BLDG BLOG ... Blog at WordPress.com

34. The Philosopher Stoned: The New Yorker What drugs taught walter benjamin. On December 18, 1927, at threethirty in the morning, walter benjamin began writing a memorandum titled “Main http://www.newyorker.com/critics/books/articles/060821crbo_books

@import "/css/global.css"; @import "/css/article.css"; @import "/css/clear-children.css"; Skip to content Subscribe to The New Yorker Give a gift Renew your Subscription ... The New Yorker Books The Philosopher Stoned What drugs taught Walter Benjamin. by Adam Kirsch August 21, 2006 Text Size: Small Text Medium Text Large Text Print ... Feeds Keywords Writers Hashish (Marijuana) Artificial Paradises Here reigned a species of things that was, no matter how compliantly it bowed to the minor whims of fashion, in the main so wholly convinced of itself and its permanence that it took no account of wear, inheritance, or moves, remaining forever equally near to and far from its ending, which seemed the ending of all things. Page of Print E-Mail Feeds Digg ... Reddit James Bond returns, the sushi scare, and more on our new culture blog Hendrik Hertzberg responds to criticism. George Packer Sasha Frere-Jones tries to define folk music. Mick Stevens finds a cartooning shortcut.

35. New Comparison 18 Introduction (Tony Pinkney); walter benjamin in the Postmodern (Norbert Bolz); Mechanical Reproducibility and the Reconceptualisation of Art Thoughts in http://www.swan.ac.uk/german/bcla/nc18.htm

Walter Benjamin in the Postmodern New Comparison , Number 18 (Autumn 1994) Contents Walter Benjamin in the Postmodern Edited by Graham Bartram with Tony Pinkney and Ralph Rogowsky Introduction ( Tony Pinkney Walter Benjamin in the Postmodern ( Norbert Bolz Mechanical Reproducibility and the Reconceptualisation of Art: Thoughts in the Wake of Walter Benjamin ( Ivan Soll Kraus and Benjamin: The Construction of Negative Language ( Christopher Thornhill Elective Affinity: Notes on Benjamin and Heine ( Uwe Steiner Cornelia Vismann Truth, Language and Art: Benjamin, Davidson and Others ( Andrew Bowie Notes on Paul de Man's Reading of Walter Benjamin ( Benjamin and Common Law Notions of Precedent ( Julian Roberts The Paradox of Law and Violence ( Ralf Rogowski Justice, Literature, Deconstruction ( Helga Geyer-Ryan Walter Benjamin and Romanticism ( Reviews Elizabeth MacDonald Christa Kamenetsky, The Brothers Grimm and Their Critics: Folktales and the Quest for Meaning E.A. McCobb Intimate Enemies: English and German Literary Reactions to the Great War, 1914-1918 E.A. McCobb

36. Walter Benjamin, "The Task Of The Translator"" walter benjamin, The Task of the Translator . (introduction to a Baudelaire translation, 1923; this text translated by Harry Zohn, 1968) http://social.chass.ncsu.edu/wyrick/debclass/benja.htm

Walter Benjamin, "The Task of the Translator" (introduction to a Baudelaire translation, 1923; this text translated by Harry Zohn, 1968) [This, and the Chamberlain article I photocopied for you, are taken from the anthology, The Translation Studies Reader , ed. Lawrence Venuti (London: Routledge, 2000).] In the appreciation of a work of art or an art form, consideration of the receiver never proves fruitful. Not only is any reference to a certain public or its representatives misleading, but even the concept of an "ideal" receiver is detrimental in the theoretical consideration of art, since all it posits is the existence and nature of man as such. Art, in the same way, posits man's physical and spiritual existence, but in none of its works is it concerned with his response. No poem is intended for the reader, no picture for the beholder, no symphony for the listener. Translation is a mode. To comprehend it as mode one must go back to the original, for that contains the law governing the translation: its translatability. The question of whether a work is translatable has a dual meaning. Either: Will an adequate translator ever be found among the totality of its readers? Or, more pertinently: Does its nature lend itself to translation and, therefore, in view of the significance of the mode, call for it? [. . .] of is work, this still would not save that dead theory of translation. For just as the tenor and the significance of the great works of literature undergo a complete transformation over the centuries, the mother tongue of the translator is transformed as well. While a poet's words endure in his own language, even the greatest translation is destined to become part of the growth of its own language and eventually to be absorbed by its renewal. Translation is so far removed from being the sterile equation of two dead languages that of all literary forms it is the one charged with the special mission of watching over the maturing process of the original language and the birth pangs of its own.

37. Reading Archives: Walter Benjamin And Archives It is difficult these days to read anything about literary and cultural texts without finding a citation to walter benjamin (18921940). http://readingarchives.blogspot.com/2008/01/walter-benjamin-and-archives.html

@import url("http://www.blogger.com/css/blog_controls.css"); @import url("http://www.blogger.com/dyn-css/authorization.css?targetBlogID=36483011"); Reading Archives With this blog, I am planning to offer, as regularly as possible, critical observations on the scholarly and popular literature analyzing the nature of archives or contributing to our understanding of archives in society. I hope this blog will be of assistance to anyone, especially faculty and graduate students, interested in understanding archives and their importance to society. Saturday, January 12, 2008 Walter Benjamin and Archives It is difficult these days to read anything about literary and cultural texts without finding a citation to Walter Benjamin (1892-1940). Despite the loss of a quantity of his papers, Benjamin left behind enough publications and working documents to ensure the continuing influence of his ideas. With the publication of Ursula Mark Gudrun Schwarz, Michael Schwarz, and Erdmut Wizisla, eds., Walter Benjamin’s Archive: Images, Texts, Signs , translated by Esther Leslie (New York: Verso, 2007), we understand something of how Benjamin worked to ensure that his personal papers would survive. This book was originally published in German in 2006 as part of an exhibition at the Berlin Academy of Arts.

38. WALTER BENJAMIN Translate this page Pagine a cura di Diego Fusaro sulla vita e il pensiero dell autore. http://www.filosofico.net/benjamin.htm

WALTER BENJAMIN A cura di Diego Fusaro C'è un quadro di Klee che s'intitola 'Angelus Novus'. Vi si trova un angelo che sembra in atto di allontanarsi da qualcosa su cui fissa lo sguardo. Ha gli occhi spalancati, al bocca aperta, le ali distese. L'angelo della storia deve avere questo aspetto. Ha il viso rivolto al passato. Dove ci appare una catena di eventi, egli vede una sola catastrofe, che accumula senza tregua rovine su rovine e le rovescia ai suoi piedi. Egli vorrebbe ben trattenersi, destare i morti e ricomporre l'infranto. Ma una tempesta spira dal paradiso, che si è impigliata nelle sue ali, ed è così forte che egli non può più chiuderle. Questa tempesta lo spinge irresistibilmente nel futuro, a cui volge le spalle, mentre il cumulo delle rovine sale davanti a lui al cielo. Ciò che chiamiamo il progresso, è questa tempesta. " (Tesi di filosofia della storia) INDICE LA VITA IL PENSIERO LA VITA Due poesie di Friedrich Hölderlin Sulla lingua in generale e sulla lingua degli uomini ), l'anno seguente si laurea in filosofia con Herbertz discutendo una tesi sul

39. Walter Benjamin, 1892-1940 Philosophe De L'esthétique Et Critique Translate this page Plusieurs textes du philosophe allemand accessibles en ligne. http://classiques.uqac.ca/classiques/benjamin_walter/benjamin_walter.html

Accueil À propos Liens externes Derniers ajouts ... Plan du site Recherche sur le site des Classiques Références bibliographiques avec le catalogue En plein texte avec G o o g l e Recherche avancée Tous les ouvrages numérisés de cette bibliothèque sont disponibles en trois formats de fichiers : Word (.doc), PDF et RTF Pour une liste complète des auteurs de la bibliothèque, en fichier Excel, cliquer ici Collection « Les auteur(e)s classiques » Walter Benjamin Das Passagen-Werk Daniel Banda professeur de philosophie par Daniel Banda Textes de Walter Benjamin : http://hypermedia.univ-paris8.fr/Groupe/documents/Benjamin/Ben3.html#ref http://www.etudes.photographie.com/sommaires/resum1.html Autour de Benjamin : http://www.chez.com/patder/benjamin.htm Walter Benjamin et la photographie : http://membres.lycos.fr/wbenjamin/ Passage http://www.lapenseedemidi.org/revues/auteurs/m-guerin/sommaire.html En anglais, The Walter Benjamin Research Syndicate : http://www.wbenjamin.org/walterbenjamin.html Dernière mise à jour de cette page le Mardi 01 mars 2005 06:25 Par Jean-Marie Tremblay, sociologue.

40. Masters Of Media » Walter Benjamin And Journalism In The Age Of Electronic Repr Seventy years ago walter benjamin, at a time when the media industry was relatively undeveloped, subjected these questions to a penetrating http://mastersofmedia.hum.uva.nl/2006/10/16/walter-benjamin-and-journalism-in-th

Walter Benjamin and journalism in the age of electronic reproduction Roman Tol 16 October 2006, 1:44 pm tags: philosophers and blogs Structurally, the printed press is a medium that operates as a monologue, isolating producer and the reader. Feedback and interaction are extremely limited, demand elaborate procedures, and only in the rarest cases lead to corrections. Once an edition has been printed it cannot be corrected; at best it can be pulped. The control circuit in the case of literary criticism is extremely cumbersome and elitist. It excludes the public on principle. Technological developments, however, have initiated journalists to operate more as a dialogue, involving the reader to participate and co-create an article. Currently weblogs are shifting the grounds of journalism in fundamental ways. To be a journalist one had to acquire particular theoretical and practical skills and work within an elite framework contained by a heritage that goes back centuries. New media transforms this tradition and therewith raises important questions concerning authenticity, reproduction and the liquidation of the traditional cultural heritage. Seventy years ago Walter Benjamin, at a time when the media industry was relatively undeveloped, subjected these questions to a penetrating dialectical-materialst analysis. One might generalize by saying: the technique of reproduction detaches the reproduced object from the domain of tradition. By making many reproductions it substitutes a plurality of copies for a unique existence. And in permitting the reproduction to meet the beholder or listener in his own particular situation, it reactivates the object reproduced. These two processes lead to a tremendous shattering of tradition which is the observe of the contemporary crisis and renewal of mankind. Their most powerful agent, Benjamin writes, is the film. Its social significance, particularly in its most positive form, is inconceivable without its destructive, cathartic aspect, that is, the liquidation of the traditional value of the cultural heritage.

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