41. BBC - H2g2 - Andrei Sakharov - The USSR, The H-Bomb And Human Rights At the start of World War II, andrei dmitrievich sakharov was a shy, introverted,intellectual young man with a deep love of the poetry of Pushkin1. http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A715600

42. H2G2 At the start of World War II, andrei dmitrievich sakharov was a shy, introverted,intellectual young man with a deep love of the poetry of Pushkin http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/pda/A715600?s_id=2

43. All Words On Andrei Sakharov andrei sakharov, 1943 andrei dmitrievich sakharov ( ?´? ?´? ´? ,May 21, 1921 – December 14, 1989), was a Russian nuclear physicist, http://www.allwords.org/an/andrei-sakharov.html

44. AIP Niels Bohr Library Collected scientific works / andrei dmitrievich sakharov ; editors, D. ter Haar,DV Chudnovsky, GV Chudnovsky. by sakharov, andrei, 1921 http://www.aip.org/history/catalog/13119.html

If you are not immediately redirected, please click here My List - Help Browse Books Archival Resources Archival Finding Aids Photos Browse FAQs Past Searches History Home Search: Author Subject Title Journal/Newspaper Title Series Computer File (Software) Title Video Title Refine Search AIP Niels Bohr Library Item Information Holdings More by this author Sakharov, Andrei, 1921- Subjects Plasma (Ionized gases) Cosmology. Particles (Nuclear physics). Field theory (Physics) Browse Catalog by author: Sakharov, Andrei, 1921- by title: Collected scientific... MARC Display Collected scientific works / Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov ; editors, D. ter Haar, D.V. Chudnovsky, G.V. Chudnovsky. by Sakharov, Andrei, 1921- New York : Marcel Dekker, c1982. c1982. Call Number: N8 SAK:A Description: xvi, 303 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. Notes: Translated from Russian. Added t.p. in Russian. ISBN: Added Author: Haar, D. ter. Chudnovsky, D. (David), 1947- Chudnovsky, G. (Gregory), 1952- Copy/Holding information Location Collection Call No. Status Niels Bohr Library Books General Collection N8 SAK:A In NBL Format: HTML Plain text Delimited Subject: Email to: Horizon Information Portal 3.0

45. Information About This Exhibit The cosmological bet was reproduced from andrei dmitrievich sakharov. FragmentyBiografi. Moscow, 1991. The photo of sakharov’s house at the Installation http://www.aip.org/history/sakharov/info.htm

Home Site Map Gennady Gorelik with Antonina W. Bouis. Freedom. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. Sign up for History Center news e-mail list Like this exhibit? Help us make more! Donate books, photos, materials or funds. How can I help? This exhibit is brought to you by the Center for History of Physics a division of the American Institute of Physics Author: Gennady Gorelik Editors: Spencer R. Weart Alexei B. Kojevnikov Web Design: David Boguslavsky, SloanTech, Inc. Photo Research: Jack Scott We are also very grateful to: R. Joseph Anderson, Boris Bolotovsky, Elena Bonner, Edward Kline, and Martin Sherwin Design Notes: The typeface used throughout this exhibit is Times New Roman, with Arial for quotes. Busorama (a freeware font) is used for the headings, and Bauhaus for the Homepage navigation. Photo Credits: Unless noted below, the photographs used on this site were kindly provided by the Andrei Sakharov Archives at Brandeis University, Elena Bonner, Gennady Gorelik or

46. Intellectual Freedom Is Essential ANDREI D SAKHAROV 1968 andrei dmitrievich sakharov Soviet nuclear physicist b.1921 d.1989.Autobiography (Translation from the Russian text). I was born on 21 May 1921. http://www.mindfully.org/Reform/Intellectual-Freedom-Essential-Sakharov1968.htm

Intellectual Freedom Is Essential ANDREI D SAKHAROV 1968 From Dr. Sakharov's book The second basic thesis is that intellectual freedom is essen­tial to human society-freedom to obtain and distribute information, freedom for open-minded and unfearing debate and freedom from pressure by officialdom and prejudices. Such a trinity of freedom of thought is the only guarantee against an infection of people by mass myths, which, in the hands of treacherous hypocrites and demagogues, can be transformed into bloody dictatorship. Freedom of thought is the only guarantee of the feasibility of a scientific democratic approach to politics, economy, and culture. Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov (1921-1989) But freedom of thought is under a triple threat in modern society-from the opium of mass culture, from cowardly, egotistic and narrow-minded ideologies, and from the ossified dogmatism of a bureaucratic oligarchy and its favorite weapon, ideological censorship. Therefore, freedom of thought requires the defense of all thinking and honest people. This is a mission not only for the intelligentsia but for all strata of society, particularly its most active and organized stratum, the working class. The worldwide dangers of war, famine, cults of personality, and bureaucracy–these are perils for all of mankind. Recognition by the working class and the intelligentsia of their common interests has been a striking phenomenon of the present day. The most progressive, internationalist, and dedicated element of the intelligentsia is, in essence, part of the working class, and the most advanced, educated, internationalist, and broad-minded part of the working class is part of the intelligentsia.

47. Sakharov Bio A brilliant scientist, andrei dmitrievich sakharov was a specialist in atomicphysics, andrei dmitrievich sakharov passed away on 14 December 1990, http://www.sakharovrfu.org/Sakharov.htm

Andrei Sakharov A brilliant scientist, Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov was a specialist in atomic physics, the father of the Soviet hydrogen bomb. He was elected as a full member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR in 1953, and belonged to the highest Soviet establishment. He could have led a highly peaceful existence, taking advantage of all the privileges associated with his rank. However, at the end of the 1950s - beginning of the 1960s, Academician Sakharov began to realize the aggressiveness of Soviet policy, both foreign and domestic. Alarmed by this "discovery", he spoke out as the author of a great number of declarations and actions in defense of human rights and peace throughout the world. This cost him open conflict with the authorities even as the Nobel Peace Prize in 1975. In 1980 Academician Sakharov was exiled to Gorky, where he lived under militia surveillance, without telephone, deprived of contact with the outside world. Nevertheless, even under those circumstances he continued the struggle, with the help of his wife Elena Bonner, who held the same views. She carried out this communication until her actions were severed and she herself was subjected to the very same exile in 1984. Released from exile in 1986, A. Sakharov returned to Moscow and continued his activity. In 1989 he was elected to the First Congress of People's Deputies of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. In this capacity he tirelessly led the battle for human rights and for the rights of nationalities, in particular, national minorities: Crimean Tatars, Armenians in Nagorno-Karabakh, and many others.

48. Vietsciences; Phạm Văn Tuấn Và Võ Thị Diệu Hằn Translate this page andrei dmitrievich sakharov (1921-1989) Nhà Bác H?c V?t Lý H?ch Tâm Ngu?i Nga andrei dmitrievich sakharov chào d?i ngày 21/5/1921 t?i thành ph? Moscow http://vietsciences.free.fr/biographie/physicists/sakharov.htm

Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov Vietsciences- Phạm Văn Tuấn v  Vµ Thị Diệu Hằng Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov Nh  B¡c Học Vật L½ Hạch T¢m Người Nga kiªm Nh  Vận Động Nh¢n Quyền, Giải Thưởng Nobel 1975 Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov ch o đời ng y 21/5/1921 tại th nh phố Moscow, nước Nga. ”ng Sakharov l  một nh  vật l½ hạch t¢m, một nh¢n vật can đảm tranh đấu cho nh¢n quyền, đ²i hỏi c¡c tá»± do d¢n sá»± (civil liberties) cÅ©ng nhÆ° c¡c cải tiến tại Liªn X´. V o th¡ng 12 năm 1975, ´ng Andrei D. Sakharov được trao tặng Giải Thưởng Nobel H²a B¬nh (the Nobel Prize for Peace) v¬ c¡c c´ng tr¬nh hoạt động của ´ng trong nhiều năm trường. Năm 1942 khi chiến tranh lan tr n tới gần th nh phố Moscow, Andrei Sakharov phải di tản về miền Ashkhabad, l m việc tại Kovrov v  ´ng đ£ tiếp xºc với c¡c c´ng nh¢n v  n´ng d¢n nªn hiểu rµ c¡c gian khổ của họ. Từ th¡ng 9 năm 1942 đến năm 1945, ´ng Sakharov được ph¡i đi l m việc trong một cÆ¡ xưởng lớn sản xuất đạn dược nằm bªn bờ s´ng Volga, với chức vụ kỹ sÆ° v  nh  ph¡t minh. Trong thời gian n y, ´ng đ£ thá»±c hiện được một số ph¡t minh rồi v o năm 1944, đ£ viết v i b i khảo cứu về l½ thuyết vật l½ để gá»­i tới c¡c viện nghiªn cứu tại Moscow.

49. Scientific American Digital Browse It was August 12, 1953, and andrei dmitrievich sakharov had just become fatherof the Soviet hydrogen bomb. Along with a few officials, http://www.sciamdigital.com/browse.cfm?ITEMIDCHAR=C845A8C6-3EE3-4825-9C1A-ABCD8A

50. APRIL 24, 2002 Posthumously proclaiming andrei dmitrievich sakharov to be an honorary Whereas the late Dr. andrei dmitrievich sakharov abandoned a privileged and http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c107:H.J.RES.89.IH:

51. Bill Summary Status Title Posthumously proclaiming andrei dmitrievich sakharov to be an honorarycitizen of the United States. Sponsor Rep Smith, Christopher H. NJ4 http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d107:HJ00089:@L&summ2=m&

52. Sidney D. Drell: Andrei Sakharov And The Nuclear Danger 4 A decade after the death of andrei sakharov, his views remain both trenchant and nuclear weapons were a major concern of andrei dmitrievich sakharov. http://www.hooverdigest.org/004/drell.html

DEFENSE: Andrei Sakharov and the Nuclear Danger Sidney D. Drell A decade after the death of Andrei Sakharov, his views remain both trenchant and relevant. Sidney D. Drell is a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution and an emeritus professor of theoretical physics at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. F or more than 40 years, nuclear weapons were a major concern of Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov. A brilliant physicist whose work was instrumental in the creation of the Soviet hydrogen bomb, Sakharov was led by his concern about the dangers of nuclear weapons and the threat of nuclear war to become a courageous activist for peace and disarmament, as well as for human rights. In his lifetime he saw the problems and dangers associated with creating such massively destructive weapons through the highly refracting lens of the Cold War. That war is over. The Soviet Union no longer exists. But great dangers remain, albeit mutated into new forms. Sidney D. Drell and Andrei Sakharov, Stanford, California, 1989. first A second Memoirs third principle was the importance of diplomatic negotiations to avoid a direct nuclear conflict, reduce the size of nuclear arsenals, and reduce the dangers associated with nuclear weapons. He stressed this theme repeatedly. For example, in his book

53. Andrei Sakharov - Article And Reference From OnPedia.com andrei dmitrievich sakharov (?´? ? sakharov, andrei sakharov,andrei sakharov, andrei sakharov, andrei sakharov, andrei sakharov, andrei http://www.onpedia.com/encyclopedia/andrei-sakharov

Other Definitions andrei sakharov (dict) Andrei Sakharov Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov May 21 December 14 ), was a Soviet Russian nuclear physicist ... dissident and human rights activist . Sakharov was an advocate of human rights civil liberties , and Soviet Union reforms. He was born in Moscow and educated at Moscow State University from . However, following evacuation in he graduated in Ashkhabad , in today's Turkmenistan . He was then assigned laboratory work in Ulyanovsk . He returned to Moscow in to study at the Theoretical Department of FIAN (the Physical Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences ). He received his Ph.D. in . On World War II 's end, Sakharov researched cosmic rays . In mid- he became part of the Soviet atomic bomb project under Igor Kurchatov . The first Soviet atomic device was tested on August 29 . After moving to Sarov in , Sakharov played a key role in the next stage, the development of the hydrogen bomb . The first Soviet device was tested on August 12 . In 1953 he received Sc.D. degree, was elected a full member of the USSR Academy of Sciences , and was awarded the first of his three Hero of Socialist Labor titles. Sakharov continued to work at Sarov, helping on the first genuine Soviet H-bombs, tested in

54. Peace Project: Biographies Of Peace Prize Winners andrei dmitrievich sakharov was born on May 21, 1921 in the former Today thereis the andrei dmitrievich sakharov Foundation and archives in his name. http://www.edu.pe.ca/birchwood/peace/ads.htm

Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov was born on May 21, 1921 in the former Soviet Union. He was a nuclear physicist by trade, and he was a big supporter of Human Rights. During Sakharov's life, he held many meetings to support Human Rights and wrote many papers and "memoirs" on the subject. He received the peace prize in 1975. Sakharov had two hunger strikes in 1984 and 1986. He died in 1989. Today there is the Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov Foundation and archives in his name. Sakharov will forever be known in Russia and around the world as the man of Human Rights. Internet Links... The Andrei Sakharov Foundation The Dissident: Andrei Sakharov Andrei Sakharov: Soviet Physics, Nuclear Weapons, and Human Rights Page created by Coleman 2003

55. Some Thoughts On Heroes (and Their Imperfections) andrei dmitrievich sakharov (19211989) took his first step towards dissent in1957 when his concern over nuclear testing led him to write a pioneering http://www.honestedu.org/edlib/v2n10/heroes.php

1071 N. Fulton St. Fresno, CA 93728 Click Here 12 Important Questions (FAQs) 1. Who should have the final say, parents or government? Take the World's Shortest Education Survey 2. Why transform public schools? Why not just reform them? 3. Who supports this movement? a) Prominent People b) Everybody (with search engine) c) Affinity (Educator, Media, Religion, etc.) 4. I'm considering moving my children from public school. What options and resources do you suggest? 5. What about the poor? 6. How about irresponsible parents? ... 11. Aren't "public schools" necessary for democracy? Other Information Resources for parents investigating their options Worldwide Communication Tips Volunteer Opportunites ... The Education Liberator , Vol. 2, No. 10, December 1996/January 1997 Some thoughts on heroes (and their imperfections) by Marshall Fritz Among Separation supporters, there is a special group we refer to as "School Sakharovs." These are heroic individuals who have worked within the state school system, have witnessed its failures first hand, and who now speak out in favor of Separation. Every few months, a fellow Separationist calls or writes with concern that we should not be exalting Andrei Sakharov because he was an atheist who signed the

56. The Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program added three important figure to his staff andrei dmitrievich sakharov, sakharov and Kurchatov andrei sakharov and Igor Kurchatov together (63 K). http://nuclearweaponarchive.org/Russia/Sovwpnprog.html

The Soviet Nuclear Weapons Program Last updated 12 December 1997 I remember President Kennedy once stated... that the United States had the nuclear missile capacity to wipe out the Soviet Union two times over, while the Soviet Union had enough atomic weapons to wipe out the Unites States only once... When journalists asked me to comment... I said jokingly, "Yes, I know what Kennedy claims, and he's quite right. But I'm not complaining... We're satisfied to be able to finish off the United States first time round. Once is quite enough. What good does it do to annihilate a country twice? We're not a bloodthirsty people." Nikita Khrushchev - quoting himself in Khrushchev Remembers: The last Testament , 1974, pg. 530 The Soviet Atomic Bomb: 1939-1949 The most significant early work on fission in the Soviet Union was performed by Yakov Zel'dovich and Yuli Khariton who published a series of papers in 1939-41 that laid the groundwork for later Soviet atomic weapons development. The Soviet weapons program proper began in 1943 during World War II, under the leadership of physicist Igor Vasilievich Kurchatov. The program was initiated by reports collected by Soviet intelligence about the rapidly growing Manhattan Project in the U.S. It remained largely an intelligence operation until the end of the war, but it was a highly successful one, due to sympathies of many for the wartime Soviet Union fighting Nazi Germany; the socialist political sympathies of some; and the weak security screening program necessitated by the hasty assembly of the vast program.

57. International: Italiano: Società: Strutture Sociali: Persone: Biografie: Prem Translate this page International Italiano Società Strutture Sociali Persone Biografie PremioNobel Per la Pace sakharov, andrei dmitrievich - Open Site. http://open-site.org/International/Italiano/Società/Strutture_Sociali/Persone

Open Site The Open Encyclopedia Project Pagina principale Aggiungi Contenuti Diventa Editore In tutta la Directory Solo in Per_la_Pace/Sakharov,_Andrei_Dmitrievich Top International Italiano Societ  ... Per la Pace : Sakharov, Andrei Dmitrievich Questa Categoria ha bisogno di un Editore - Richiedila Open Site Code 0.5.3 robot company. Visit our sister sites dmoz.org mozilla.org chefmoz.org musicmoz.org ... modifica

58. Finale, Finally Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (18691948) and andrei dmitrievich sakharov (1921-1989)were men of intelligence combined with integrity and the courage of their http://flatrock.org.nz/topics/odds_and_oddities/brains_courage_integrity.htm

Brains, Courage, Integrity - John F Kennedy Gandhi and Sakharov Set Us an Inspiring Example for the 21st Century by Tom Gehrels Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869-1948) and Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov (1921-1989) were men of intelligence combined with integrity and the courage of their convictions, even at great personal cost. They were kindred souls, remarkably alike in their use of these attributes for the sake of peaceful progress. Their original professions were very different. Sakharov's first assignment was to amunitions factory during the Soviet Union's war against Germany, when it was found that he could solve problems, increasingly more difficult, which led to his assignment to the nuclear weapons programme. At first he believed this work was necessary for a balance of power, but gradually his conscience drove him to consider the related issues of human rights and survival for the whole world. Gandhi began with studying for a law degree in England, but later, as a lawyer in South Africa, he found that his views on independence and human rights led him to develop a successful new career. Gandhi at a spinning wheel during a demonstration in India June 1925 The intellects of both men and their acts of courage were guided by integrity. In Gandhi's opinion:

59. Andrew Sakharov - 80 Year 80th anniversary of andrei sakharov. The 21st of May 2001 is eighty years sincethe birth of andrei dmitrievich sakharov. http://www.openweb.ru/p_z/Ku/80sakh_app20501e.htm

TO PUT AN END TO TORTURE AND LAWLESSNESS Statement of Russian defenders of human rights in connection with the th anniversary of Andrei Sakharov. The 21 st of May 2001 is eighty years since the birth of Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov. In connection with this significant date we demand that an end be put to torture and lawlessness in the law enforcement agencies and armed forces, that laws be passed on the civil control of places of imprisonment, children's institutions, homes for the aged and invalids, that an institute of parliamentary investigation be founded, as well as special parliamentary commissions, and public control and parliamentary control over the army and state special services. "It is a reality of our life that the suspect or accused is in a very serious condition as a result of the pressure of investigation. We all have in our memory many incidences of self-slander, taking of guilt on oneself as a result of press cameras, beatings, blackmail and threats. We all have in our memory the death sentences on innocent people, which have been carried out not only in the Republics, but also in Moscow", People's Deputy SAKHAROV A.D., 14 December 1989. (cf 'Literary Gazette' 27.12.1989).

60. PSIgate - Physical Sciences Information Gateway Search/Browse Results andrei sakharov Soviet Physics, Nuclear Weapons and Human Rights ARTICLESEDUCATIONAL The Nobel Peace Prize 1975 andrei dmitrievich sakharov USSR http://www.psigate.ac.uk/roads/cgi-bin/search_webcatalogue.pl?term1=Andrei Sakha

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