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         Pugwash Conferences On Science And World Affairs:     more books (34)
  1. Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs: Jayantha Dhanapala, President 2007-2012 : felicitation volume, Sri Lanka Pugwash Group. by Jayantha Dhanapala, 2007
  2. 48th Pugwash Conference on Science & World Affairs: The Long Roads to Peace
  3. Striving for Peace, Security and Development in the World Annals of Pugwash 1991: Annals of Pugwash 1991 by China) Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs 1991 (Peking, Joseph Rotblat, 1993-03
  4. World Citizenship: Allegiance to Humanity
  5. Proceedings of the Fourteenth Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs; International Co-Operation for science and Disarmement, Venice, Itlay, April 11-16, 1965 by 14th Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs, 1965-01-01
  6. Disarmament, Security and Development: Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs, Muhlhausen, G.D.R. 26th-31st August 1976
  7. Towards a Nuclear-Weapon-Free World: Proceedings of the Forty-Fifth Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs Hiroshima, Japan 23-29 July, 1995
  8. Forty years of Pugwash.(includes related articles on the history of the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs): An article from: Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists by Mike Moore, 1997-11-01
  9. Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs: Munich, F.R.G., 24th-29th August 1977
  10. Remember Your Humanity: Proceedings of the 47th Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs
  11. SHAPING OUR COMMON FUTURE: DANGERS AND OPPORTUNITIES (PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SECOND PUGWASH CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND WORLD AFFAIRS, BERLIN, GERMANY 11-17 SEPTEMBER, 1992) (IN TWO VOLUMES)
  12. Proceedings of the Sixteenth Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs; Disarmament and World Security, Especially in Europe, Sopot, Poland, September 11-16, 1966. by 16th Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs, 1966-01-01
  13. Joseph Rotblat: the road less traveled.(founder of the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs): An article from: Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists by Susan Landau, 1996-01-01
  14. Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs: Baden, Austria, 28th August-2nd September 1974. "Disarmament, Energy Problems and International Collaboration."

81. The Pugwash Conferences In Science And World Affairs
LB22.03 The pugwash conferences In science and world affairs. Sir Joseph Rotblat (University of London). This abstract not available.
http://flux.aps.org/meetings/YR99/CENT99/abs/S4167003.html

Previous abstract
Graphical version Next abstract Session LB22 - Physicists as Concerned Citizens: Working From Outside the System.
FOCUS session, Tuesday afternoon, March 23
Room 313E, GWCC
The Pugwash Conferences In Science And World Affairs
Sir Joseph Rotblat (University of London) This abstract not available. Part L of program listing

82. 53rd Pugwash Conference On Science And World Affairs: Advancing Human Security:
53rd pugwash Conference on science world affairs Halifax and pugwash, Nova Scotia, Canada 1721 July 2003. Report on Working Group 2
http://www.pugwash.org/reports/pac/53/wg2.htm
Working Groups Photos from the Halifax Conference Schedule 53rd Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs
Advancing Human Security: The Role of Technology and Politics
Halifax and Pugwash, Nova Scotia, Canada
17-21 July 2003
Report on Working Group 2
Weaponisation of Space and Missile Defence
John Rhinelander (USA) and Rebecca Johnson (UK)
[Co-Conveners]
Will Marshall (UK), Robert Schingler (USA) and George Whitesides (USA)
[Co-Rapporteurs]
Introduction and Working Group Focus The Working Group on Weaponisation of Space and Missile Defence was composed of 22 members from 11 countries (including 6 members from the International Student Young Pugwash). This report of the working group is the sole responsibility of the rapporteurs, and while there was a high level of consensus in the group, this does not necessarily represent consensus on all points. The majority of the discussion was focused on continuing efforts on the prohibition of space weapons as instigated during the 52nd Pugwash Conferences in La Jolla and the First Annual workshop on Preserving the Non-Weaponisation of Space
Missile Defence
In general, it was agreed that developments in missile defenses could have major effects on international and regional security and that many components in the currently proposed multi-tiered, layered system are technologically far from proven.

83. Student Pugwash USA - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
In 1957, the first pugwash Conference (on science and world affairs) was held in pugwash, Nova Scotia, bringing together some of the most prominent
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Student_Pugwash_USA
Student Pugwash USA
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Student Pugwash USA SPUSA ) is a student organization , based in the United States, that aims to promote the socially responsible application of science and technology . The student members discuss the ethical, social and global implications of advances in these fields and explore the pursuit of socially responsible careers involving science and technology. SPUSA is part of the International Student/Young Pugwash group. As a discussion forum, SPUSA does not adopt advocacy positions on substantive issues. The organization posits that, in order to create effective social change, students must first understand the issues at stake, then contemplate their ethical and moral responsibility to themselves and to society as a whole.
Contents
edit
History
Ethics in scientific and technological development inspired the formation of SPUSA. Specifically, Albert Einstein Bertrand Russell , and other eminent scientists' manifesto urging scientists to "think in a new way" about their moral responsibilities provided a major impetus for the organization. In

84. J ZUMA PUGWASH CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE WORLD AFFAIRS
ADDRESS BY DEPUTYPRESIDENT JACOB ZUMA AT THE pugwash CONFERENCE ON science and world affairs, RUSTENBERG, 10 SEPTEMBER 1999. Distinguished Guests
http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/1999/990913128p1008.htm

85. NGUBANE: 49TH PUGWASH CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND WORLD AFFAIRS
ROLE OF science IN DEVELOPMENT, 49TH pugwash CONFERENCE ON science and world The theme of this Conference is science and world affairs Confronting
http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/1999/990914907a1005.htm
Home SPEECH BY DR BEN NGUBANE ON REQUIREMENTS AND INITIATIVES TO PROMOTE THE ROLE OF SCIENCE IN DEVELOPMENT, 49TH PUGWASH CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND WORLD AFFAIRS, RUSTENBURG, 10 SEPTEMBER 1999 Chairperson, Honourable Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen; South Africa, and particularly the Department of Political Sciences of the University of Pretoria, is indeed privileged to host the first Pugwash Conference on the African Continent. The aim of Pugwash is to bring together scholars and public figures concerned with reducing the danger of armed conflict and seeking co-operative solutions to global problems. The theme of this Conference is Science and World Affairs: Confronting the challenges of the 21st Century. This is indeed a formidable task, embracing the history as well as the future of man. The year 2000 appears to be a watershed in the history of the world. It may well be like any other year in the ongoing lives of people who inhabit this country and the world. But seen from a historical perspective, the year 2000 will bring to its conclusion a tumultuous century, characterised by astounding scientific achievements, devastating wars and explosive population growth. It will inaugurate at once a new century and a new millennium, a future so vast in its human and historic dimensions that it defies prediction while posing momentous questions about social and economic viability and human vitality and values in the face of a new era. The theme of this third session of the Conference is "Development through Science", and as such the scientific management of development in realising the praiseworthy and formidable global objectives of Pugwash. But, Chairperson, although the concept "development" is often propagated as a solution to all our problems, it is a word open to different interpretations and used in different contexts. For instance, development of the economy, physical infrastructure, information technology, medical services, agriculture, etc. And, as you all know, the world is making huge advances in these fields. However, the reality is that notwithstanding innovative progress through factors such as science and technology, the present global situation regarding conflicts, the lack of basic resources in developing countries and the pressure created by population growth might be the worst in history.

86. Geneva International Forum
pugwash Conference on science and world affairs The pugwash organisation was founded in pugwash, Nova Scotia in 1955 by Albert Einstein and Bertrand
http://geneva.intl.ch/gi/egi/egi174.htm
Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs
Name:
Mr. M.S. Swaminathan Position: President Address: Phone: Fax: E-mail: pugwashdc@aol.com
Activity summary The Pugwash organisation was founded in Pugwash, Nova Scotia in 1955 by Albert Einstein and Bertrand Russell. Its activities are concentrated on arms control issues and science.
In 1995 Pugwash, represented by Prof. Joseph Rotblat, received the Nobel price for peace.

87. () ·Jasjit Singh (ed.), PEACE IN
OF THE FORTYNINTH pugwash CONFERENCE ON science and world affairs, 1999. Singapore world Scientific, 2001. ·Joseph Rotblat (ed.),
http://www.meijigakuin.ac.jp/~prime/pugwashcomferenceeng.htm
EJasjit Singh (ed.),
@PEACE IN THE NEW MILLENIUM.
@New Delhi: Knowledge World, 2002.
EJoseph Rotblat (ed.),
@CONFRONTING THE CHALLENGES OF THE 21ST CENTURY: PROCEEDINGS
@OF@THE@FORTY-NINTH PUGWASH CONFERENCE@ON SCIENCE AND@WORLD@AFFAIRS, 1999.
@Singapore: World Scientific, 2001.
EJoseph Rotblat (ed.),
@THE LONG ROADS TO PEACE: PROCEEDINGS OF@THE@FORTY-EIGHTH
@PUGWASH CONFERENCE@ON SCIENCE AND@WORLD@AFFAIRS, 1998.
@Singapore: World Scientific, 2001. EFrank Blackaby and Tom Milne (eds.), @A Nuclear-Weapon-Free World: Steps along the Way (Foreword by Michael Atiyah). @New York: St. Martin's Press, 2000. EJoseph Rotblat (ed.), @NUCLEAR WEAPONS: THE@ROAD TO@ZERO. @Oxford: Westview Press, 1998. EJoseph Rotblat (ed.), @REMEMBER YOUR HUMANITY: PROCEEDINGS OF@THE@FORTY-SEVENTH @PUGWASH CONFERENCE@ON SCIENCE AND@WORLD@AFFAIRS, 1997. @Singapore: World Scientific, 1998. EJoseph Rotblat (ed.)

88. ADDRESS BY DEPUTY-PRESIDENT JACOB ZUMA AT THE PUGWASH CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND
I am pleased that forums like this pugwash Conference on science and world affairs bring together committed people and grouping from all over the world to
http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/history/zuma/1999/jz0910.htm
ADDRESS BY DEPUTY-PRESIDENT JACOB ZUMA AT THE PUGWASH CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND WORLD AFFAIRS
Rusternberg, 10 SEPTENBER 1999 Distinguished Guests/ Ladies and Gentlemen: Thank you for inviting me to this important gathering of scientists, scholars, government officials from all over the world in a unified spirit to forge appropriate use of science to develop our countries. I am pleased to be able to share some ideas with you, and I am grateful that you kindly re-arranged your programme so that I could speak today and not on Wednesday as originally planned. The theme "Confronting the challenges of the 21st century", is very relevant and comes at a time when the whole world is preparing itself for the new millennium. It is a time when we all are concerned about international security, peace, stability, sustainable economic growth and development. These are global challenges. We are living today in what has been called "the global village". We are all linked to world developments. The events on the other side of the world concern us as never before. We share a common fate; what is a threat to others is a threat to all of us. We must therefore rise up to the challenges of the global village. We must act now and decisively. Our version must be one that is driven by our firm determination to act together as we strive to raise awareness about the importance of science and technology and the significant role it can play in the 21st century. I believe that Science and Technology are important assets to economic growth and infra-structural development of all nations. There are splendid achievements of science and technology, which we have witnessed in our lifetime. It is through Science and Technology that we can bridge the gap between the wealthy nations of the North and the poor nations of the South. I believe that Science and Technology should be the possession of all of us. However, scientific discovering and inventions also have come to be identified with death and destruction due to the lethal weaponry that has been invented by some scientists. I think of the nuclear weapons, which have caused untold human suffering and deaths to many people. Hiroshima is a classical example of this.

89. Pugwash Confernce
The 53rd pugwash Conference on science and world affairs will take place 1622 July 2003 in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, on the theme Advancing Human
http://scienceforpeace.sa.utoronto.ca/Essays_Briefs/Paul/Paul-CPGConfernce.html
Bulletin
September 2002 Pugwash Conference
by Derek Paul
The Canadian Pugwash Group * (CPG), a 69-member organization that supports the international Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs*, held its Annual General Meeting at Thinkers' Lodge in Pugwash, Nova Scotia this July, 18-19. Thinkers' Lodge was the property of the late Cyrus Eaton, who sponsored and hosted the first of the Pugwash Conferences in 1957. The Lodge is now managed by the trustees of the Pugwash Park Commission, a foundation of Cyrus Eaton's.
The 53rd Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs will take place 16-22 July 2003 in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, on the theme Advancing Human Security: The Role of Technology, Ethics and Politics. Former Pugwash Conferences have taken place all over the world, the last to be held in Canada having been in 1981. In 1995, the Pugwash Conferences and its President, Joseph Rotblat, were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts toward the elimination of nuclear arms. However, Pugwash was also prominent in generally overcoming the resistance to on-site inspections that are required as part of the verification process for the Treaty banning chemical weapons. At one time such inspections were regarded as objectionably intrusive - such objections by Iraq having been only too obvious until very recently.
*Membership of Pugwash is invitational, which applies also for the CPG. However, there is intentionally a large overlap between Science for Peace and CPG memberships.

90. SPUSA: Pledge
SPUSA initiated the pledge program in response to the awarding of the Nobel Peace Prize to the pugwash Conference on science and world affairs and Sir
http://www.spusa.org/pledge/
Make a personal commitment to a socially responsible tomorrow, sign the pledge.
SPUSA Pledge
Through the SPUSA pledge program young people are challenged to make a personal commitment to use science and technology in a socially responsible way , thereby, contributing to a safer, more just society. The pledge creates public discourse over the role of individual responsibility when selecting a career.
The pledge reads:
I promise to work for a better world, where science and technology are used in socially responsible ways. I will not use my education for any purpose intended to harm human beings or the environment. Throughout my career, I will consider the ethical implications of my work before I take action. While the demands placed upon me may be great, I sign this declaration because I recognize that individual responsibility is the first step on the path to peace.
SPUSA initiated the pledge program in response to the awarding of the Nobel Peace Prize to the Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs and Sir Joseph Rotblat (a founding member of the Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs) in 1995. It is used extensively in the United States and by international Student Pugwash groups. Currently over 5,000 people in more than 60 countries have signed the pledge.

91. Cambridge University Student Pugwash Society
ISYP Journal on science and world affairs Vol 1, No 1, 2005 Student pugwash UK (SPUK) will host the 4th Annual SPUK Conference from 29 April to 2 May
http://www.cam.ac.uk/societies/pugwash/n0105.html
Cambridge University Student Pugwash Society home
future events

previous events

links and introductions to some topics
...
CU Student Pugwash Society
Newsletter
January 2005
Dear members,
We have lots going on, with talks on nuclear non-proliferation, civil liberties and biotechnology, and a national conference in London in April. Read on...
1. Our events this term

2. 4th Annual Student Pugwash UK Conference

3. ISYP Journal on Science and World Affairs - Vol 1, No 1, 2005
4. Cambridge University Palestine Society Post-Election Analysis TONIGHT ... 6. Leonard M. Rieser Fellowships in Science, Technology, and Global Security
1. Our events this term
On Monday st February 2005 Bruce Kent will talk to Pugwash on 'The 2005 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) Review Conference and the Challenges for Young People'. The NPT is the mainstay of current nuclear non-proliferation and eventual disarmament policy. It comes up for review once every five years and this time, given world circumstances, it will come under heavy strain. For more background, read 'Prospects for Progress at the 2005 NPT Review Conference' by Dr ElBaradei, current head of the International Atomic Energy Agency, and

92. Cambridge University Student Pugwash Society
Cambridge University Student pugwash Society. home future events the New Millennium 51st pugwash Conference on science and world affairs Agra, India,
http://www.cam.ac.uk/societies/pugwash/n0902.html
Cambridge University Student Pugwash Society home
future events

previous events

links and introductions to some topics
...
constitution

CUSPS News 09/2002
Sent 8 April Home Other Newsletters Dear all, Regarding the next committee the following candidates have come forward for each position, but still have to be officially elected. Chair: Andreas Domnick (St. John's) Junior Treasurer: Ali Negyal (St. Catharine's) Secretary/Webmaster: Pierre Far (Magdalene) There will be a meeting in early May to do so. If you would like to get involved as well, please let me (mkr26) know. There are many ways you can get active in the society. For example we would like to carry out the following PROJECT: -Write a one-page summary as CU Student Pugwash statement on the issue of the recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Report, which can be found on http://www.ipcc.ch [C] you can find the STATEMENT OF THE PUGWASH COUNCIL on the outcome of the 51st Pugwash Conference, held in Agra, India, in March. The full report, including all the background papers, the presidential address and other information should go up soon on the Pugwash webpage at http://www.pugwash.org

93. 1995 Nobel Peace Prize - An Essay By Irwin Abrams
and THE pugwash CONFERENCE ON science and world affairs. By Irwin Abrams; Published in THE NOBEL PRIZE ANNUAL for 1995 as The Nobel Prize in Peace,
http://www.irwinabrams.com/books/excerpts/annual95.html
THE 1995 NOBEL PEACE PRIZE FOR JOSEPH ROTBLAT
AND THE PUGWASH CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND WORLD AFFAIRS
By Irwin Abrams
Published in THE NOBEL PRIZE ANNUAL for 1995 as "The Nobel Prize in Peace," (International Merchandising Corporation, New York).

In the year of the fiftieth anniversary of the dropping of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Norwegian Nobel Committee shared its prize between Joseph Rotblat and the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs "for their efforts to diminish the part played by nuclear arms in international politics and in the longer run to eliminate such arms." Rotblat was the nuclear physicist who had opposed the bomb when the first one was being built. He was a founder and now president of the organization established in 1957 on the initiative of Bertrand Russell, the eminent British philosopher, mathematician and social reformer, who proposed that scientists should take responsibility for the nuclear weapons which science had produced and work toward their elimination before these weapons destroyed civilization. When the scientific world first heard about the splitting of the uranium atom at the beginning of 1939, Joseph Rotblat was a thirty-one year-old Polish scientist who had just received his doctor's degree from the University of Warsaw and was working in the radiological laboratory in Warsaw under a pupil of Marie Curie. Like many other scientists inspired by the news of what was now called the "fission" of uranium, Rotblat set out to repeat the experiment to see whether neutrons would be emitted. When he found that even more neutrons were emitted than those producing this effect, he realized that a chain reaction could be set up which would release a great amount of energy and that if this were released in a short time, a tremendous explosion would result. This meant that a weapon of unprecedented destruction could be manufactured.

94. Publications (English)
Light weapons and conflict in Africa, paper prepared for the 49th pugwash Conference on science and world affairs, Rustenberg, South Africa, Sept.713,
http://www.peter-lock.de/english.html

English
From the Economics of War to Economics of Peace, The Dynamics of Shadow Globalisation and the Diffusion of Armed Violence as an Obstacle to Build Peace, in: Peace and Security, Vol.XXXIV (March 2003), p.31-40. Small Arms: A Challenge to World Peace, SEF Policiy Paper No.17, 12 pp. Bonn 2001. Rheinmetall: A Paradigm of Restructuring of the Defence Sector in Germany, research paper, to be published by METDAC, London 2000. Pervasive Illicit Small Arms Availability: A Global Threat, HEUNI Papers No.14, Helsinki 1999. Light weapons and conflict in Africa, paper prepared for the 49th Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs, Rustenberg, South Africa, Sept.7-13, 1999, 12pp., forthcoming in the conference proceedings. Comprehensive measures to reduce illicit small arms availability, paper prepared for the 49th Pugwash Conference on Science and World Affairs, Rustenberg, South Africa, Sept.7-13, 1999, 18pp. forthcoming in the conference proceedings. The role of confidence building measures: transparency in military expenditures, regional registers and linkages to the donor countries agendas: development aid as a vehicle for security assistance, Introductory note for working group 4 at the International Confernce on Sustainable Disarmament for Sustainable Development, Brussels, October 12th and 13th, 1998. The withering military in sub-saharan Africa: New roles for the private security industry? In: Internationales Afrika Spectrum Vol.33 (98/2), S.135-155.

95. AIP International Catalog Of Sources
pugwash conferences on science world affairs. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Union of Concerned Scientists History.
http://www.aip.org/history/catalog/142.html
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My List - Help Browse Archival Resources Archival Finding Aids Books Photos Browse FAQs Past Searches History Home Search: Author Subject Title Journal/Newspaper Title Series Computer File (Software) Title Video Title Refine Search AIP Niels Bohr Library
Item Information Holdings More by this author Feld, Bernard Taub, 1919- Subjects Adams, Ruth, 1923- Fermi, Enrico, 1901-1954. Rabi, I. I. (Isidor Isaac), 1898- Rabinowitch, Eugene, 1901- Rotblat, Joseph, 1908- Szilard, Gertrud Weiss. Szilard, Leo. Wiesner, Jerome B. (Jerome Bert), 1915- Albert Einstein Peace Prize Foundation. American Academy of Arts and Sciences. American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Committee on Technical Problems of Arms Limitation. Cambridge Electron Accelerator. Council for a Livable World History. European Organization for Nuclear Research. Federation of American Scientists History. Ford Foundation. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Defense and Arms Control Studies Program. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Faculty Personal and professional papers. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Dept. of Physics.

96. Kyodo News - Story
Juan Pablo PardoGuerra, one of the young participants in the 55th pugwash Conference on science and world affairs that ended its five-day annual meeting in
http://home.kyodo.co.jp/modules/fstStory/index.php?storyid=194862

97. Kyodo News - Story
pugwash conference ends with renewed call for nuclearfree world. The 55th pugwash Conference on science and world affairs Scientists wraps up a five-day co
http://home.kyodo.co.jp/modules/fstStory/index.php?storyid=194423

98. Japan Today - News - Japan's Leading International News Network
to the entire international community, according to a statement released at the end of the 55th pugwash Conference on science and world affairs.
http://www.japantoday.com/e/?content=news&cat=8&id=344730

99. Dept. Of Politics And Economics, Oral And Poster Presentations - Report Of The C
52nd pugwash Conference on science and world affairs, La Jolla, CA, 12 Aug 2002. Top of the page. G. Labrecque. La dissolution de l URSS l héritage
http://www.rmc.ca/academic/grad/comreptiii02/pol3_e.html
Message from the Dean, Graduate Studies and Research
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Department of Politics and Economics Oral and Poster Presentations P. Constantineau P. Constantineau. W. Dorn . "Human Security: Freedom from Fear in a Dangerous World", Pearson Peacekeeping Centre, 12 Sep 2001. W. Dorn. "Early Warning and the Development of Strategic Options to Manage Armed Conflict", Pearson Peacekeeping Centre, 13 Sep 2001. W. Dorn. lectures on "Monitoring and Positioning Technologies", "Communications and Information Technologies", "Technology and Engineering Organizations," "Technology Selection Criteria," Pearson Peacekeeping Centre, Nova Scotia, 17-28 Sep 2001. W. Dorn

100. The Early Days Of Pugwash - Physics Today June 2001
Proceedings of the First pugwash Conference on science and world affairs, J. Rotblat, ed., pugwash Council, London (1982), p. 2.
http://www.physicstoday.com/pt/vol-54/iss-6/p50.html
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Help the physics community displaced by Katrina: Katrina Affected Physics and Astronomy Community Bulletin Board U.S. Department of Energy Temporary Educational Matching Program Articles
The Early Days of Pugwash
During the height of the cold war, how did prominent Western and Soviet scientists end up in Canada discussing nuclear weapons? Joseph Rotblat Soon after the outbreak of World War II, the UK began research into the atom bomb, motivated by the fear that German scientists would develop the bomb and thereby enable Adolf Hitler to win the war. The work soon shifted to the US and the Manhattan Project. The scientists used the rationale of nuclear deterrence: The threat of immediate retaliation was the only way to prevent Hitler from using his bomb against us. As it turned out, this fear was unfounded. The German atom bomb project never got off the ground and was practically abandoned as early as 1942. But even after Hitler was defeated, the tempo of the Manhattan Project continued undiminished (see the article by Stanley Goldberg in Physics Today, August 1995, page 38 ). To a large extent this was due to inertia: Having gone so far, the scientists were eager to see the conclusion of their efforts. In addition, the brutality of the war continuing in the Far East drove some of them to look at the bomb as a means to bring the war to a rapid end.

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