21. Mario J. Molina - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Mario Molina Nobel Institute 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry Nobel Institute Autobiography. Retrieved from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario_J._Molina http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario_J._Molina

Mario J. Molina From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Mario J. Molina (born March 19 ) was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his role in elucidating the threat to the Earth's ozone layer of chlorofluorocarbon gases (or CFCs ). This Nobel Prize was shared with Paul J. Crutzen of UCSD and F. Sherwood Rowland of UC Irvine . Until recently he was an Institute Professor in the Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences at MIT Molina was born in Mexico City , son of Roberto Molina Pasquel, a lawyer, and Leonor Henriquez de Molina. Molina earned a bachelor's degree in chemical engineering at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Mexico in , a postgraduate degree from the University of Freiburg West Germany in and a doctoral degree in physical chemistry from UC Berkeley California in . In , as a postdoctoral researcher at UC Irvine , he coauthored a paper that detailed their research on the threat of CFCs on the ozone layer in the stratosphere . At the time, CFCs where widely used as chemical propellants and refrigerants . This research played a substantial role is the worldwide elimination of CFCs from aerosol cans and refrigerators, and it is for this work that he later shared the

22. Mario J. Molina - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia (Redirected from Mario Molina). Mario J. Molina (born March 19, 1943) was awarded the 1995 Mario Molina Nobel Institute 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario_Molina

Mario J. Molina From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (Redirected from Mario Molina Mario J. Molina (born March 19 ) was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his role in elucidating the threat to the Earth's ozone layer of chlorofluorocarbon gases (or CFCs ). This Nobel Prize was shared with Paul J. Crutzen of UCSD and F. Sherwood Rowland of UC Irvine . Until recently he was an Institute Professor in the Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences at MIT Molina was born in Mexico City , son of Roberto Molina Pasquel, a lawyer, and Leonor Henriquez de Molina. Molina earned a bachelor's degree in chemical engineering at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Mexico in , a postgraduate degree from the University of Freiburg West Germany in and a doctoral degree in physical chemistry from UC Berkeley California in . In , as a postdoctoral researcher at UC Irvine , he coauthored a paper that detailed their research on the threat of CFCs on the ozone layer in the stratosphere . At the time, CFCs where widely used as chemical propellants and refrigerants . This research played a substantial role is the worldwide elimination of CFCs from aerosol cans and refrigerators, and it is for this work that he later shared the

23. EAPS People: Mario J. Molina Mario J. Molina. Homepage. Institute Professor Professor of Chemistry and Atmospheric Chemistry, and Environmental Studies PhD Phone (617)2535081 http://eapsweb.mit.edu/people/person.asp?position=Faculty&who=molina

24. Mario Molina - Autobiography molina shared the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for work on the fate of chlorofluorocarbons in the atmosphere. http://nobelprize.org/chemistry/laureates/1995/molina-autobio.html

HOME SITE HELP ABOUT SEARCH ... EDUCATIONAL I was born in Mexico City on March 19, 1943; my parents were Roberto Molina Pasquel and Leonor Henriquez de Molina. My father was a lawyer; he had a private practice, but he also taught at the National University of Mexico (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) ). In his later years, after I had left Mexico, he served as Mexican Ambassador to Ethiopia, Australia and the Philippines. During my first year at Berkeley, I took courses in physics and mathematics, in addition to the required courses in physical chemistry. I then joined the research group of Professor George C. Pimentel, with the goal of studying molecular dynamics using chemical lasers, which were discovered in his group a few years earlier. It was also at that time that I met Luisa Tan, who was a fellow graduate student in Pimentel's group and who later became my wife and close scientific collaborator. George Pimentel was also a pioneer in the development of matrix isolation techniques, which is widely used in the study of the molecular structure and bonding of transient species. He was an excellent teacher and a wonderful mentor; his warmth, enthusiasm, and encouragement provided me with inspiration to pursue important scientific questions. My graduate work involved the investigation of the distribution of internal energy in the products of chemical and photochemical reactions; chemical lasers were well suited as tools for such studies. At the beginning I had little experience with the experimental techniques required for my research, such as handling vacuum lines, infrared optics, electronic instrumentation, etc. I learned much of this from my colleague and friend Francisco Tablas, who was a postdoctoral fellow at that time. Eventually I became confident enough to generate original results on my own: my earliest achievement consisted of explaining some features in the laser signals - that at first sight appeared to be noise - as "relaxation oscillations," predictable from the fundamental equations of laser emission.

25. Mario Molina Clases de guitarra, actividades del mºsico, proyectos, novedades, curr­culum, galer­a de fotos, equipamiento y enlaces. http://www.mariomolina.com

26. Chemistry 1995 Paul J. Crutzen, mario J. molina, F. Sherwood Rowland. Paul J. Crutzen, mario J. molina, F. Sherwood Rowland. third 1/3 of the prize, third 1/3 of the prize http://nobelprize.org/chemistry/laureates/1995/

HOME SITE HELP ABOUT SEARCH ... EDUCATIONAL The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1995 "for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone" Paul J. Crutzen Mario J. Molina F. Sherwood Rowland 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize the Netherlands USA USA Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, MA, USA University of California Irvine, CA, USA b. 1933 b. 1943 (in Mexico City, Mexico) b. 1927 The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1995 Press Release Presentation Speech Illustrated Presentation ... Other Resources The 1995 Prize in: Physics Chemistry Physiology or Medicine Literature ... Economic Sciences Find a Laureate: Nobelprize.org Get to know all 770 Prize Winners! » Games and Simulations » SITE FEEDBACK ... TELL A FRIEND Last modified April 13, 2005

27. Molina, Mario mario molina, 1995. Copyright Jim Bourg/Gamma Liaison. in full mario JOSÉ molina (b. March 19, 1943, Mexico City, Mex.), Mexicanborn American chemist who http://www.britannica.com/nobel/micro/721_70.html

Molina, Mario, Mario Molina, 1995 Nobel Prize for Chemistry , along with chemists F. Sherwood Rowland and Paul Crutzen , for research in the 1970s concerning the decomposition of the ozonosphere, which shields the Earth from dangerous solar radiation. The discoveries of Molina and Rowlandthat some industrially manufactured gases deplete the ozone layerled to an international movement in the late 20th century to limit the widespread use of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) gases. Molina studied chemical engineering at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (B.S., 1965) in Mexico City and received an advanced degree from the University of Freiburg (1967) in West Germany before returning to his alma mater to become an associate professor (1967-68). He resumed his education in the United States at the University of California, Berkeley (Ph.D., 1972), where he worked for a year before joining Rowland at the University of California, Irvine. The pair conducted experiments on pollutants in the atmosphere, discovering that CFC gases rise into the stratosphere, where ultraviolet radiation breaks them into their component elements of chlorine, fluorine, and carbon. There, each chlorine atom is capable of destroying about 100,000 ozone molecules before becoming inactive. Molina was the principal author of the paper describing their theories, which was published in the scientific journal

28. Molina, Mario --  Britannica Student Encyclopedia molina, mario (born 1943), Mexican American atmospheric chemist. mario molina was one of a small group of scientists who discovered the harmful effects of http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article-9312542

Home Browse Newsletters Store ... Subscribe Already a member? Log in This Article's Table of Contents Molina, Mario Print this Table of Contents Shopping Price: USD $1495 Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary (Hardcover) Price: USD $15.95 The Scrabble player's bible on sale! Save 30%. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Price: USD $19.95 Save big on America's best-selling dictionary. Discounted 38%! More Britannica products Molina, Mario Student Encyclopedia Article Page 1 of 1 (born 1943), Mexican American atmospheric chemist. Mario Molina was one of a small group of scientists who discovered the harmful effects of certain man-made chemical compounds on the Earth's ozone layer. For this discovery and his other contributions to environmental science, he was awarded the Nobel prize for chemistry in 1995. Molina, Mario... (75 of 941 words) var mm = [["Jan.","January"],["Feb.","February"],["Mar.","March"],["Apr.","April"],["May","May"],["June","June"],["July","July"],["Aug.","August"],["Sept.","September"],["Oct.","October"],["Nov.","November"],["Dec.","December"]];

29. Mario J. Molina Homepage mario J. molina. Professor mario molina has been involved in developing our understanding of the chemistry of the stratospheric ozone layer and its http://eaps.mit.edu/molina/

Professor Mario Molina has been involved in developing our understanding of the chemistry of the stratospheric ozone layer and its susceptibility to human-made perturbations. In 1974 he was a co-author, with F. S. Rowland, of the publication in the British magazine Nature , of their research on the threat to the ozone layer from chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) gases that were being used as propellants in spray cans, as refrigerants, as solvents, etc. More recently, he has also been involved with the chemistry of air pollution of the lower atmosphere. He is also pursuing interdisciplinary work on tropospheric pollution issues, working with colleagues from many other disciplines on the problem of rapidly growing cities with severe air pollution problems. Last update, 12/31/00 Questions, comments? Luisa Molina

30. Mario J. Molina - Contact Information mario J. molina. mario J. molina MIT, 54 1814 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02139. Phone (617) 253-5081 http://eaps.mit.edu/molina/contact.html

Mario J. Molina M.I.T., 54 -1814 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02139 Phone: (617) 253-5081 Fax: (617) 258-6525 E-mail: mmolina@mit.edu

31. Mario Molina Winner Of The 1995 Nobel Prize In Chemistry mario molina, a Nobel Prize Laureate in Chemistry, at the Nobel Prize Internet Archive. http://almaz.com/nobel/chemistry/1995b.html

M ARIO M OLINA 1995 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone. Background Residence: USA Affiliation: department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences and Department of Chemistry, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA Featured Internet Links Prize Co-recipient: Paul Crutzen F. Prize Co-recipient: Sherwood Rowland Official award announcement and background Mario Molina Wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry (MIT The Tech) Prof. Molina's research interests. Search WWW Search The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Nobel News Links Chemist Donates Nobel Winnings Part of Prize to Fund Ecology Work at MIT Student Gets Help from Nobel Laureate MIT Scientist Shares Nobel for Identifying Ozone Damage Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors Molina to Speak at Berkeley Mario J. Molina, Biografia, Obra, Pensamiento, etc (submitted by webmaster Premios Nobel Hispanoamericanos (submitted by webmaster Mario J. Molina – Nobel Lecture (submitted by Chinnappan Baskar A Century of Chemical Dynamics Traced through the Nobel Prizes. 1995: Paul Crutzen, Sherwood Rowland, and Mario Molina

32. JCE Online: Biographical Snapshots: Snapshot mario Jose molina, awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work in Among his professional accomplishments, mario molina was a research http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/JCEWWW/Features/eChemists/Bios/Molina.html

Subscriptions Software Orders Support Contributors ... Biographical Snapshots Biographical Snapshots of Famous Women and Minority Chemists: Snapshot This short biographical "snapshot" provides basic information about the person's chemical work, gender, ethnicity, and cultural background. A list of references is given along with additional WWW sites to further your exploration into the life and work of this chemist. Mario J. Molina Born: Major discipline: Physical Chemistry Died: Minor discipline: Mario Jose Molina, awarded the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work in atmospheric chemistry concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone, was born in Mexico City on March 19, 1943. He graduated from the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico in 1965 with a degree in chemical engineering. Shortly thereafter he went to the University of Freiburg in West Germany where he obtained an M.S. degree in polymerization kinetics in 1967. He returned to Mexico City to take a position as an assistant professor at his alma mater in the chemical engineering department. The following year, he went to the University of California, Berkeley and earned a Ph.D. in physical chemistry in 1972. Molina began his collaboration with F. Sherwood Rowland of the University of California, Irvine in 1973 as a postdoctoral fellow. They started to investigate the discovery that the global atmospheric concentrations of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) were approximately the same as would be predicted if all industrial gaseous emissions were still present in the atmosphere. They found that CFCs persist in the stratosphere for long periods of time and that, from a small fraction of them, chlorine could be split out by the interaction of the CFCs with ultraviolet light from the sun. This, in turn, caused a chain reaction in which ozone molecules are destroyed, but active chlorine-containing species are regenerated to begin the cycle again.

33. Ten Nobels For The Future In 1975, mario J. molina was appointed as a member of the faculty at the University of In 1989 mario J. molina returned to academic life, moving to the http://www.hypothesis.it/nobel/eng/bio/molina.htm

Allais, Maurice Economics, 1988 Altman, Sidney Chemistry, 1989 Arber, Werner Medicine, 1978 Arrow, Kenneth J. Economics, 1972 Baltimore, David Medicine, 1975 Becker, Gary S. Economics, 1992 Black, James W. Medicine, 1988 Brown, Lester R. Buchanan, James M. Economics, 1986 Charpak, Georges Physics, 1992 Dahrendorf, Ralf Dausset, Jean Medicine, 1980 Economics, 1983 de Duve, Christian Medicine, 1974 Dulbecco, Renato Medicine, 1975 Ernst, Richard R. Chemistry, 1991 Esaki, Leo Physics, 1973 Fo, Dario Literature, 1997 Gell-Mann, Murray Physics, 1969 Glashow, Sheldon Lee Physics, 1979 Guillemin, Roger C.L. Medicine, 1977 Hoffmann, Roald Chemistry, 1981 Jacob, François Medicine, 1965 Kindermans, Jean-Marie Peace 1999 Klein, Lawrence R. Economics, 1980 Kroto, Harold W. Chemistry, 1996 Lederman, Leon M.

34. Dieci Nobel Per Il Futuro Translate this page mario J. molina è nato nel 1943 a Città del Messico, dove nel 1965 si laurea in Nel 1975, mario J. molina viene nominato professore alla University of http://www.hypothesis.it/nobel/ita/bio/molina.htm

Allais, Maurice Economia, 1988 Altman, Sidney Chimica, 1989 Arber, Werner Medicina, 1978 Arrow, Kenneth J. Economia, 1972 Baltimore, David Medicina, 1975 Becker, Gary S. Economia, 1992 Black, James W. Medicina, 1988 Brown, Lester R. Buchanan, James M. Economia, 1986 Charpak, Georges Fisica, 1992 Dahrendorf, Ralf Dausset, Jean Medicina, 1980 Economia, 1983 de Duve, Christian Medicina, 1974 Dulbecco, Renato Medicina, 1975 Ernst, Richard R. Chimica, 1991 Esaki, Leo Fisica, 1973 Fo, Dario Letteratura, 1997 Gell-Mann, Murray Fisica, 1969 Glashow, Sheldon Lee Fisica, 1979 Guillemin, Roger C.L. Medicina, 1977 Hoffmann, Roald Chimica, 1981 Jacob, François Medicina, 1965 Kindermans, Jean-Marie Pace, 1999 Klein, Lawrence R. Economia, 1980 Kroto, Harold W. Chimica, 1996 Lederman, Leon M. Fisica, 1988 Lehn, Jean-Marie

35. Hispanos Famosos mario molina. México. Chemist and atmospheric scientist. Winner of the 1995 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his work dealing with the effect of http://coloquio.com/famosos/molinam.htm

Mario Molina México. Chemist and atmospheric scientist Winner of the 1995 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his work dealing with the effect of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) on the depletion of the ozone layer; his work has led to the current phasing out of the use of CFCs throughout the world; currently the Lee and Geraldine Martin Professor of Environmental Sciences at MIT; a member of the National Academy of Sciences; born and raised in

36. Molina, Mario J. molina, mario J. (1943). I was born in Mexico City on March 19, 1943; my parents were Roberto molina Pasquel and Leonor Henriquez de molina. http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/M/Molina/Molina.

Molina, Mario J. I was born in Mexico City on March 19, 1943; my parents were Roberto Molina Pasquel and Leonor Henriquez de Molina. My father was a lawyer; he had a private practice, but he also taught at the National University of Mexico (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) ). Although my years at Irvine were very productive, I missed not doing experiments myself because of the many responsibilities associated with a faculty position: teaching courses, supervising graduate students, meetings, etc. After spending seven years at Irvine as Assistant and then Associate Professor, I decided to move to a non-academic position. I joined the Molecular Physics and Chemistry Section at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in 1982. I had a smaller group - only a few postdoctoral fellows - but I also had the luxury of conducting experiments with my own hands, which I enjoyed very much. Indeed, I spent many hours in the laboratory in those years, conducting measurements and developing techniques for the study of newly emerging problems. Although I no longer spend much time in the laboratory, I very much enjoy working with my graduate and postdoctoral students, who provide me with invaluable intellectual stimulus. I have also benefited from teaching; as I try to explain my views to students with critical and open minds, I find myself continually being challenged to go back and rethink ideas. I now see teaching and research as complementary, mutually reinforcing activities.

37. InterAcademy Panel On International Issues - Mario Molina Professor mario molina. Department of Earth, Atmospheric Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology http://www4.nationalacademies.org/IAP/iapGA.nsf/weblinks/WWWW-5RBGNZ?Opendocumen

38. Molina, Mario Page Name, molina, mario. Show Page Name? First Name, mario. Last Name, molina. Title, Department of Earth, Atmospheric Planetary Sciences http://www4.nationalacademies.org/IAP/iapGA.nsf/0/C7EA7D5318CE0E3D85256D9F0044B3

39. MSN Encarta - Mario Molina molina, mario J., born in 1943, MexicanAmerican chemist and Nobel Prize winner. molina, with his American colleague F. Sherwood Rowland, demonstrated http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761583272/Mario_Molina.html

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Sign In Web Search: Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade your Encarta Experience Search Encarta Subscription Article MSN Encarta Premium: Get this article, plus 60,000 other articles, an interactive atlas, dictionaries, thesaurus, articles from 100 leading magazines, homework tools, daily math help and more for $4.95/month or $29.95/year (plus applicable taxes.) Learn more. This article is exclusively available for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers. Already a subscriber? Sign in above. Molina, Mario J. Molina, Mario J. , born in 1943, Mexican-American chemist and Nobel Prize winner. Molina, with his American colleague F. Sherwood Rowland, demonstrated... Related Items 1995 Nobel Prize recipients ban on chlorofluorocarbons based on his research 8 items Multimedia Selected Web Links Mario J. Molina [Nobel Foundation] 1 item Want more Encarta? Become a subscriber today and gain access to: Daily Math Help Literature Guides Researcher Tools Paper-Writing Guides 60,000 + articles Interactive Atlas Magazine Center Find more about Molina, Mario J.

40. MSN Encarta - Related Items - Chemistry Michel, Hartmut Mitchell, Peter Dennis Moissan, (Ferdinand Frederic) Henri molina, mario J. Moore, Stanford Mulliken, Robert Sanderson http://encarta.msn.com/related_762504460_18/Nobel_Prize_recipients.html

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