61. Lighting A Revolution: Irving Langmuir Annotated image of irving langmuir. irving langmuir, in a presentation tothe American Institute of Electrical Engineers, October 1913. http://americanhistory.si.edu/lighting/bios/langmuir.htm

Lamp Inventors 1880-1940: Gas-filled, Coiled Tungsten Lamps Irving Langmuir from GE Review , December 1932. "The causes which have made it necessary to operate tungsten lamps at such relatively low efficiencies as one watt per candle have been little understood. It seemed, therefore, that an investigation of the phenomena occurring in tungsten lamps, carried out with a view of reaching a clear understanding of the causes of the failure of the lamps, might possibly open the way to the discovery of methods by which the efficiency could be greatly improved." Irving Langmuir, in a presentation to the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, October 1913. Irving Langmuir received a Ph.D. in physical chemistry in 1906 from the University of Göttingen. He studied under Walther Nernst who had invented a new type of incandescent lamp only a few years before. After graduating, Langmuir took a teaching position at the Stevens Institute of Technology but left in 1909 to accept a position at the General Electric Research Lab. Ironically, he soon invented a lamp that made the Nernst Lamp (among others) obsolete. In 1910 Langmuir began to experiment with bendable tungsten wire developed by his colleague William Coolidge. Langmuir's goal was to find a way to keep tungsten lamps from "blackening," or growing dim as the inside of the bulb became coated with evaporated tungsten. Though his work did not solve this problem it did result in a coiled tungsten filament mounted in a gas-filled lamp the same design still used today.

62. MSN Encarta - Langmuir, Irving langmuir, irving (18811957), American chemist and Nobel laureate, known for hiswork in many phases of chemistry, theoretical and applied. langmuir http://uk.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761566961/Langmuir_Irving.html

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Search ... Upgrade your Encarta Experience Search Encarta Subscription Article MSN Encarta Premium: Get this article, plus 35,000 other articles, an interactive atlas, dictionaries, thesaurus, study centre, and more for £19.99/year. Learn more. The article is exclusively available for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers. Already a subscriber? Sign in above. Langmuir, Irving Langmuir, Irving (1881-1957), American chemist and Nobel laureate, known for his work in many phases of chemistry, theoretical and applied. Langmuir... Related Items Chemistry Chemistry, Physical 3 items Multimedia Selected Web Links The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1932 Irving Langmuir 2 items Want more Encarta? Become a subscriber today and gain access to: 35,000 articles Literature Guides Study Tools Interactive Atlas Find more about Langmuir, Irving from Related Items Other Features from Encarta Chemistry Chemistry, Physical Search Encarta for Langmuir, Irving © 2005 Microsoft MSN Privacy Advertise Help

63. Annotated Bibliography The specific project was conducted by Dr. irving langmuir s research group irving langmuir, Control of Precipitation from Cumulus Clouds by Various http://www.rbs2.com/w3.htm

Langmuir's Claim of a Seven-Day Periodicity Caused by Cloud Seeding Introduction In November/December 2002, while reading meteorology journals from the early 1950s on cloud seeding, I came across an apparently fantastic claim by Irving Langmuir that cloud seeding during 1949-51 had modified the weather more than 1000 kilometers downwind. The specific project was conducted by Dr. Irving Langmuir's research group (including Dr. Bernard Vonnegut) at the General Electric Company, under contract to the U.S. Military. As part of this project, Dr. Vonnegut released AgI from a generator on the ground at Socorro, NM on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday of each week during 6 Nov 1949 to 27 April 1950. (Langmuir's Collected Works, Vol. 11, p. 217) Langmuir claimed that this release of AgI modified the weather, not only in the state of New Mexico, but also more than 1000 kilometers downwind. Langmuir's evidence was a seven-day periodicity found in meteorological records in the Ohio River Valley, the Wabash River Valley, as well as in New England. Annotated Bibliography Langmuir made a few public presentations of his claims at meetings of various scientific societies, and brief versions of his claims were published at:

64. MSU Chemistry - Gallery Of Chemists' Photo-Portraits And Mini-Biographies - Indi irving langmuir. langmuir spent his entire scientific career at the GeneralElectric Research Laboratory in Schenectady. There he was to make not only http://www.chemistry.msu.edu/Portraits/PortraitsHH_Detail.asp?HH_LName=Langmuir

65. AllRefer.com - Irving Langmuir (Chemistry, Biography) - Encyclopedia AllRefer.com reference and encyclopedia resource provides complete informationon irving langmuir, Chemistry, Biographies. Includes related research links. http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/L/Langmuir.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather September 15, 2005 Medicine People Places History ... Maps Web AllRefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia Chemistry, Biographies ... Irving Langmuir By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z L Irving Langmuir, Chemistry, Biographies Related Category: Chemistry, Biographies Irving Langmuir OO r] Pronunciation Key Related Categories: People Science and Technology Science and Technology Chemistry ... Biographies More articles from AllRefer Reference on Irving Langmuir SITE MAPS Encyclopedia US Gazetteer: US States A-C US States D-H US States I-L US States M ... Countries A-Z Content on this web site is provided for informational purposes only. We accept no responsibility for any loss, injury or inconvenience sustained by any person resulting from information published on this site. We encourage you to verify any critical information with the relevant authorities. About Us Contact Us Privacy Links Directory ... Par Web Solutions Site best viewed in 800 x 600 resolution.

66. Grades langmuir, irving, 16, 19, 75.0, 18, 12, 80.6, 77.8, 91.7, 36.0, 72.0, 79.8, 83.1,B, langmuir, irving. De Hevesy, George, 15, 15, 67.5, 16, 12, 73.0, 70.2 http://www.campbell.edu/faculty/wells/chemistry_228_grades.html

After the final exam . . . Paul Crutzen holds of challenge from Kurt Alder, while Kenichi Fukui makes gallant effort!! After test 2 . . . . Congratulations to Paul Crutzen, winner of 4000 mL of pepsi products!!! And to Kurt Alder, winner of 2000 mL of pepsi products!!! average average test lab op scan final final curved final alias opscan essay score opscan essay score avg avg FE EXAM average average grade alias Crutzen, Paul A Crutzen, Paul Alder, Kurt A Alder, Kurt Fukui, Kenichi A Fukui, Kenichi Bosch, Carl A Bosch, Carl Cram, Donald J. A Cram, Donald J. Hauptman, Herbert A. A Hauptman, Herbert A. Catsenkradle, Rober A Catsenkradle, Rober Gilbert, Walter B Gilbert, Walter Fischer, Ernst Otto B Fischer, Ernst Otto Kuhn, Richard B Kuhn, Richard Aston, Francis William B Aston, Francis William Deisenhofer, Johann B Deisenhofer, Johann Altman, Sidney B Altman, Sidney Herschbach, Dudley R. B Herschbach, Dudley R. Harden, Sir Arthur B Harden, Sir Arthur Langmuir, Irving B Langmuir, Irving

67. Irving Langmuir -- Facts, Info, And Encyclopedia Article irving langmuir (January 31, 1881 in (Click link for more info and facts about irving langmuir was born in (A borough of New York City) Brooklyn, http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/i/ir/irving_langmuir.htm

Irving Langmuir [Categories: United States scientists, Nobel Prize in Chemistry winners, 1957 deaths, 1881 births] Irving Langmuir (January 31, 1881 in (Click link for more info and facts about Brooklyn, New York) Brooklyn, New York - August 16, 1957 in (Click link for more info and facts about Woods Hole, Massachusetts) Woods Hole, Massachusetts ) was an (A native or inhabitant of the United States) American (A scientist who specializes in chemistry) chemist and (A scientist trained in physics) physicist . While at G.E., from 1909-1950, Langmuir advanced several basic fields of (The science of matter and energy and their interactions) physics and (The science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions) chemistry , invented the gas filled incandescent lamp, the hydrogen welding technique, and was awarded the 1932 (Click link for more info and facts about Nobel Prize for Chemistry) Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his work in (Click link for more info and facts about surface chemistry) surface chemistry Early years Irving Langmuir was born in (A borough of New York City) Brooklyn (A Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies)

68. Www.sobiografias.hpg.ig.com.br/IrvingLa.html IBM Research Press Resources Phaedon Avouris to receive the Phaedon Avouris to receive the distinguished irving langmuir Prize. Biennial awardpraises Avouris s contribution to nanostructures http://www.sobiografias.hpg.ig.com.br/IrvingLa.html

69. Irving Langmuir (1881-1957), An American Physical Chemist, Was irving langmuir (18811957), an American physical chemist, was awarded the NobelPrize for chemistry in 1932 for his work on molecular films on solid and http://www.phy.hr/~dpaar/fizicari/langmuir.html

Irving Langmuir (1881-1957), an American physical chemist, was awarded the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1932 for his work on molecular films on solid and liquid surfaces. His studies in high-temperature chemistry led to the improvement of the tungsten-filament light bulb and the development of an atomic hydrogen blowtorch. Biography

70. Langmuir - Definition Of Langmuir By The Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus And E langmuir synonyms, langmuir antonyms. Information about langmuir in the freeonline English dictionary and encyclopedia. irving langmuir. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Langmuir

Domain='thefreedictionary.com' word='Langmuir' Your help is needed: American Red Cross The Salvation Army join mailing list webmaster tools Word (phrase): Word Starts with Ends with Definition subscription: Dictionary/ thesaurus Computing dictionary Medical dictionary Legal dictionary Financial dictionary Acronyms Columbia encyclopedia Wikipedia encyclopedia Hutchinson encyclopedia Langmuir Also found in: Wikipedia 0.02 sec. Page tools Printer friendly Cite / link Email Feedback Lang·muir (l ng my r Irving American chemist. He won a 1932 Nobel Prize for his work in surface chemistry. Thesaurus Legend: Synonyms Related Words Antonyms Noun Langmuir - United States chemist who studied surface chemistry and developed the gas-filled tungsten lamp and worked on high temperature electrical discharges (1881-1957) Irving Langmuir chemist - a scientist who specializes in chemistry Mentioned in References in classic literature No references found No references found Dictionary/thesaurus browser Full browser langbeinite Langdak Lange Langland ... langley Langmuir Langobard langouste langoustine langrage ... Langley, British Columbia

71. Langmuir Award irving langmuir Award in Chemical Physics sponsored by The General Electric Fundand the General Electric Corporate Research and Development Center http://www.chemistry.org/portal/a/c/s/1/acsdisplay.html?DOC=awards\langmuir.html

72. Irving Langmuir (1881-1957) Translate this page irving langmuir (1881-1957). Cientista norte-americano nascido em Brooklyn, NovaIorque, a 31 de Janeiro de 1881 e falecido no Massachussets a 16 de Agosto http://www.if.ufrj.br/teaching/biog/b0024.html

Irving Langmuir (1881-1957) Cientista norte-americano nascido em Brooklyn, Nova Iorque, a 31 de Janeiro de 1881 e falecido no Massachussets a 16 de Agosto de 1957. Estudou na Universidade de Columbia, dedicando-se à investigação na General Electric Co. entre 1909 e 1950. Dedicou um interesse especial à Quimica das superfícies, formulando o princípio da acção superficial, que lhe mereceu o Prémio Nobel da Química em 1932. Inventou as lâmpadas eléctricas em atmosfera gasosa, mediu a temperatura de fusão dos sólidos refractários e descobriu o hidrogénio atómico. Como resultado das suas investigações sobre a cinética das reacções gasosas e em especial sobre a velocidade de adsorção das moléculas dos gases a baixas pressões, deduziu a isotérmica de adsorção a que foi dado o seu nome. Ocupou-se ainda da produção de chuva artificial (1946).

73. AAAS - History And Archives irving langmuir. 1881 1957. Physical Chemistry Research, Research Laboratoryof General Electric. Won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1932. http://archives.aaas.org/people.php?p_id=145

74. History Of Chemistry irving langmuir 1932, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1932, Gilbet Newton Lewis andirving langmuir, History of GE Dr. irving langmuir, irving langmuir, http://www.chemistrycoach.com/history_of_chemistry.htm

Biographies of Chemists Biographical Collections Classic Papers in Chemistry History of Science Links Biographies of Chemists and some physicists including all Nobel Prize winners in chemistry through 2000 [Nobel Prize Year] Last updated September 2, 2001 All links were last verified between June 30, 2001 and September 2, 2001. The links are organized from most comprehensive to least, except that foreign language links generally appear at the end. Although I have not given information about each link, you can learn a lot by passing the cursor over the link and reading the web address. Kurt Alder Kurt Alder Kurt Alder Kurt Alder ... Sir Humphry Davy; Electricity and Chemical Affinity , Sir Humphry Davy, Sir Humphry Davy Sir Humphry Davy Petrus Josephus Wilhelmus Debye Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1936 ... Roald Hoffmann on NT , " The same and not the same " (highly recommended for high school students), "In Praise of Synthesis" A proporsed Methodological Improvement... Oxygen Prix Nobel de 1980 à 1984 ... Irene Joliot-Curie and Jean Frederic Joliot Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1935 Frédéric and Irène Joliot-Curie Irene Joliot-Curie ... Dr. Jerome Karle

75. Irving Langmuir Biography / Biography Of Irving Langmuir Biographies irving langmuir Biography profile biographies life history. http://www.bookrags.com/biography/irving-langmuir/

Search BookRags.com English History Other Subjects Essays Biographies Research Topics eBooks Register Login Help Literature Study Guides ... Games Welcome, Guest Why not Login or Register Biography Navigation Irving Langmuir Index Main Biography World of Chemistry Biography History of Invention Biography 1900 To 1949: Technology and Invention Biography How to Cite Order the PDF Home Biography Irving Langmuir Biographies Complete Biographical Resource See related items by keyword: united states university united columbia university ... oil films Name: Irving Langmuir Birth Date: Death Date: Place of Birth: Brooklyn, New York, United States Nationality: American Gender: Male Occupations: scientist Irving Langmuir Biographies The following biographies focus on different aspects of Irving Langmuir's life and work. All biographies listed are included in the Irving Langmuir Biography Pass. Main Biography (1.2 pages) World of Chemistry Biography (3.6 pages) History of Invention Biography (2.9 pages) 1900 To 1949: Technology and Invention Biography (0.3 pages) Irving Langmuir Biography Each biography is written by a biographical expert, professional educator, or scholar of the individual.

76. Kids.net.au - Encyclopedia Irving Langmuir - Encyclopedia irving langmuir. irving langmuir was an American chemist andphysicist. Born January 31, 1881 in Brooklyn, New York - Died August 16, http://www.kids.net.au/encyclopedia-wiki/ir/Irving_Langmuir

Web kids.net.au Thesaurus Dictionary Kids Categories Encyclopedia ... Contents Encyclopedia - Irving Langmuir Irving Langmuir was an American chemist and physicist . Born January 31 in Brooklyn, New York - Died August 16 in Woods Hole, Massachusetts He graduated with a B.S. from the Columbia University School of Mines in 1903 and did postgraduate work in chemistry under Nobel laureate Walther Nernst in Göttingen and earned his Ph.D. degree in 1906. Langmuir then taught at Stevens Institute of Technology[?] in Hoboken, New Jersey , until 1909, when he began working at the General Electric research laboratory ( Schenectady, New York ). While at G.E., from 1909-1950, Langmuir advanced several basic fields of physics and chemistry , invented the gas filled incandescent lamp, the hydrogen welding technique, and was awarded the 1932 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his work in surface chemistry His initial contributions to science came from his study of light bulbs (which was a continuation of his Ph.D. work). First his improvement of vacuum techniques led to the invention of the high- vacuum tube . A year later he discovered that the lifetime of a tungsten filament was greatly lengthened by filling the bulb with an inert gas, such as

77. Pathological Science langmuir, irving (transcribed and ed., Robert N. Hall). Pathological science.Physics Today 42 (Oct. 1989) 3648. Park, Robert L. Voodoo Science The Road http://skepdic.com/pathosc.html

Robert Todd Carroll SkepDic.com Click to order from Amazon pathological science "Pathological science" is a term coined by Nobel-laureate in chemistry Irving Langmuir in a presentation he made at General Electric's Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory a few years before his death in 1957. Langmuir described typical cases as involving such things as barely detectable causal agents observed near the threshold of sensation which are nevertheless asserted to have been detected with great accuracy. The supporters offer fantastic theories that are contrary to experience and meet criticisms with ad hoc excuses. And, most telling, only supporters can reproduce the results. Critics can't duplicate the experiments. He gave several examples, including ESP experiments and Blondlot's N-rays , and stated that These are cases where there is no dishonesty involved but where people are tricked into false results by a lack of understanding about what human beings can do to themselves in the way of being led astray by subjective effects, wishful thinking or threshold interactions. These are examples of pathological science. These are things that attracted a great deal of attention. Usually hundreds of papers have been published on them. Sometimes they have lasted for 15 or 20 years and then gradually have died away. Langumuir visited J.B. Rhine's lab at Duke University where Rhine was claiming results of ESP experiments that could not be predicted by chance and were probably due to some sort of psychic power. Langmuir found that Rhine was not counting all his data, however. He was leaving out the scores of those he believed were guessing their

78. International: Italiano: Scienze: Chimica: Chimici E Ricercatori: Langmuir, Irvi Translate this page irving langmuir è stato insignito del premio Nobel per la chimica, nel 1932, pergli studi sui fenomeni chimici delle superfici. Vedi anche http://open-site.org/International/Italiano/Scienze/Chimica/Chimici_e_Ricercator

Open Site The Open Encyclopedia Project Pagina principale Aggiungi Contenuti Diventa Editore In tutta la Directory Solo in Chimici_e_Ricercatori/Langmuir,_Irving Top International Italiano Scienze ... Chimici e Ricercatori : Langmuir, Irving Irving Langmuir ¨ stato insignito del premio Nobel per la chimica, nel 1932, per gli studi sui fenomeni chimici delle superfici. Vedi anche: International: Italiano: Societ : Strutture Sociali: Persone: Biografie: Premio Nobel Questa Categoria ha bisogno di un Editore - Richiedila Open Site Code 0.5.3 robot company. Visit our sister sites dmoz.org mozilla.org chefmoz.org musicmoz.org ... modifica

79. Chemistry - Links For Chemists - Topics - Biographies langmuir, irving langmuir, irving IL. Lavoisier, Antoine (17431794). Lavoisier,Antoine Lavoisier, Antoine @ Creighton US; Lavoisier, Antoine FR http://www.liv.ac.uk/Chemistry/Links/refbiog.html

Links for Chemists Chemistry section of the WWW Virtual Library Virtual Library Science Chemistry : Biographies of Famous Chemists Unless otherwise stated, the biographies listed below are provided and listed with the kind permission of the The Nobel Foundation . If you know of any biographies of Chemists or scientists whose work has advanced chemistry, that we do not list, please inform us via our comments form Afzelius, Jan Alder, Kurt Altman, Sidney (1939 - ) Altman, Sid Altman, Sid @ Science.CA US @ St. Andrews UK Anfinsen, Christian B. Arrhenius, Svante August (1859-1927) Arrhenius, Svante August Arrhenius, Svante August IL Arrhenius, Svante August Arfwedson, Johan August Astbury, William T. (1898-1961) @ Leeds UK Aston, Francis William Avogadro, Lorenzo Romano AMADEO Carlo, comte de Quaregna et de Ceretto (1776-1856) Avogadro, Amedeo FR Avogadro, Amadeo @ Torino IT Baekeland, Leo Hendrik @ Time Magazine US von Baeyer, Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf Barton, Sir Derek Harold Richard Balmer, Johann Jakob @ St Andrews UK Beckman, Arnold Orville

80. Langmuir & Lewis langmuir.gif (23801 byte). irving langmuir Gilbert Newton Lewis. http://www.minerva.unito.it/Humor/Langmuir & Lewis.htm

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