41. Entrez PubMed Nobel Prizes for immunology 1984 (niels K. jerne, Cesar Milstein, GeorgeKohler) Article in Dutch Bolhuis RL, Haaijman JJ. Publication Types Biography http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6

42. Entrez PubMed Darwinian overtones niels K. jerne and the origin of the selection theory ofantibody formation. Soderqvist T. Department of Life Sciences, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1

43. Jerne, Niels Kai. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 jerne, niels Kai. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 200105. (n lsk y r´n ) (KEY) , 1911–94, British-Danish immunologist, b. London. http://www.bartleby.com/65/je/Jerne-Ni.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Jerne, Niels Kai

44. EXPLORE Niels Kaj Jerne - Dictionary Of Biologists niels K. jerne short autobiography. jerne, niels Kaj jerne, niels Kaj jerne,niels Kaj jerne, niels Kaj. This article was derived fully or in part from http://www.dictionaryofeverything.com/explore/194/Niels_Kaj_Jerne.html

45. Swarm-semiotics In 1976 the Danish immunologist niels K. jerne did an important observation whenhe pointed out that parts of the antibody molecules are interpreted as http://www.molbio.ku.dk/MolBioPages/abk/PersonalPages/Jesper/Swarm.html

Swarm-semiotics A swarm has been defined as a set of (mobile) agents which are liable to communicate directly or indirectly (by acting on their local environment) with each other, and which collectively carry out a distributed problem solving. The body can be understood as a swarm of cells and tissues which, unlike the swarms of bees or ants, stick relatively firmly together. However, the swarm of cells constituting a human body is a very different kind of swarm from that of the social insects. The body swarm is not built on ten thousand nearly identical units such as a bee society. Rather it should be seen as a swarm of swarms, i.e., a huge swarm of more or less overlapping swarms of very different kinds. And the minor swarms again are swarm-entities, so that we get a hierarchy of swarms. At all levels these swarms are engaged in distributed problem solving based on an infinitely complicated web of semetic interaction patterns which in the end can only be explained through reference to the actual history of the body system, evolution. hoffmeyer@mermaid.molbio.ku.dk

46. Psychosomatics.html In 1976 the Danish immunologist niels K. jerne did an important observation which jerne, niels K.1985 The Generative Grammar of the Immune System , http://www.molbio.ku.dk/MolBioPages/abk/PersonalPages/Jesper/Psychosomatics.html

Psychosomatic Medicine The following text is a quote from my paper "The Semiotic Body-Mind" 1995. See Selected Publications for the reference Embodied minds Evolution of multi-cellular forms of life 'is characterised by an increasing sophistication of cells, tissues, and organs which perform somatic duties of value to the individual as a whole, but which require the cells composing them to limit their inherent potential for proliferation. The propensity for continued self-replication has been subjugated to the interests of the whole'(Buss, 1987, p. 53). Buss introduced the expression `somatic ecology' for the striking state of breakneck-harmony characterising healthy people. The key to this `somatic ecology' seems to be the immune system: 'Somatic ecology' writes Francisco Varela 'is a designation for the dynamic mechanisms required to mediate potential conflicts between cell and individual. In most vertebrates this "somatic ecology'" is bound together through the network of lymphocytes that constitute the core of the immune system' (Varela, 1991). It is important to realise that there is no hidden director behind the working of this marvellous system. The somatic ecology is upheld only because swarms of cells incessantly scrutinise every corner of our body thereby inducing cells and tissues to engage in eventual corrective activities. And this swarming semiotic pattern of interaction is itself a historical product of experiences with inter- and intracellular communication stretching back to the earliest forms of multi-cellular life which appeared on the Earth a billion yeas ago. It is the historical character of the immune system which holds the key to its apparent intentionality (Hoffmeyer 1992, 1995).

47. October 7 - Today In Science History niels K. jerne. (source), Died 7 Oct 1994 (born 23 Dec 1911) BritishDanishimmunologist who (with César Milstein and Georges Köhler) received the 1984 http://www.todayinsci.com/10/10_07.htm

Visit our new gallery of Perpetual Motion Machines through the centuries OCTOBER 7 - BIRTHS Diane Ackerman (source) Born 7 Oct 1948 American writer and poet whose works often reflect her interest in natural science by crafting careful scientific information into stylish prose, including a series of nature books for children. Her bestseller A Natural History of the Senses was made into a 1995 PBS series hosted by the author. She also has the rare distinction of having a molecule named after her ( dianeackerone , a novel secretory product from a crocodile). The Moon by Whale Light: And Other Adventures Among Bats, Penguins, Crocodilians, and Whales , by Diane Ackerman Sir Harold W. Kroto (source) Born 7 Oct 1939 English chemist who, with Richard E. Smalley and Robert F. Curl, Jr., was awarded the 1996 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for their joint discovery of the carbon compounds called fullerenes . These new forms of the element carbon contain 60 or more atoms arranged in closed shells. The number of carbon atoms in the shell can vary, and for this reason numerous new carbon structures have become known. Formerly, six crystalline forms of the element carbon were known, namely two kinds of graphite, two kinds of diamond, chaoit (1968) and carbon(VI) (1972). Fullerenes are formed when vaporised carbon condenses in an atmosphere of inert gas. The carbon clusters can then be analysed with mass spectrometry. The Most Beautiful Molecule: The Discovery of the Buckyball , by Hugh Aldersey-Williams R. D. Laing

48. December 23 - Today In Science History niels K. jerne. (source), Born 23 Dec 1911; died 7 Oct 1994. BritishDanishimmunologist who (with César Milstein and Georges Köhler) received the 1984 http://www.todayinsci.com/12/12_23.htm

Visit our new gallery of Perpetual Motion Machines through the centuries DECEMBER 23 - BIRTHS Robert E(lliot) Kahn (source) Born 23 Dec 1938 American computer scientist who co-created the packet-switching protocols that enable computers to exchange information on the Internet. In the late 1960s Kahn realized that a packet-switching network could effectively transmit large amounts of data between computers. Along with fellow computer scientists Vinton Cerf, Lawrence Roberts, Paul Baran, and Leonard Kleinrock, Kahn built the ARPANET, the first network Harold Masursky (source) Born 23 Dec 1923; died 24 Aug 1990 American geologist and senior scientist at the U.S. Geological Survey's astrogeology branch supporting space exploration. Starting in the mid 1960s, he helped analyze the photographs from the Ranger Lunar Orbiter , and Surveyor lunar missions. In mapping the moon, suitable landing spots were being sought for the unmanned Surveyor 5 spacecraft (1967) and the manned Apollo landings (1969-72). Masursky headed the group that interpreted television transmissions from Martian satellite Mariner 9 (1971), producing maps to

49. Den Romantiske Enhed Mellem Livet Og Værket. Niels K. Jerne Og Den Immunbiologi niels K. jerne og den immunbiologiske revolution. Abstract Den danske immunologog Nobelpristager i fysiologi eller medicin, niels K. jerne (18911994), http://www.ivh.au.dk/kollokvier/thomas_sderqvist_23_05_96.dk.html

Institutkollokvium ved Institut for Videnskabshistorie Torsdag d. 23. 5. kl. 15 i koll. G4, Institut for Matematiske Fag Docent Thomas Söderqvist Afdeling for videnskabshistorie, Roskilde Universitetscenter Den romantiske enhed mellem livet og værket. Niels K. Jerne og den immunbiologiske revolution Abstract Den danske immunolog og Nobelpristager i fysiologi eller medicin, Niels K. Jerne (1891-1994), er blandt andet kendt for sine analogier mellem sproget og immunsystemet. Söderqvist hævder, at Jernes interesse for sproget og selvet har romantiske overtoner, og at hans liv og værk skal ses som udtryk for en romantisk selv- og omverdensforståelse. Jerne er således et eksempel på, at romantikken ikke kun er en forlængst passeret historisk periode, men at der findes romantiske strømninger også indenfor den moderne biologi. På gensyn Kirsti Andersen 521-117, 8942 3507, ivhka@ivh.au.dk

50. Information Please: 1984 Physiology or Medicine Cesar Milstein (UK/Argentina), Georges JF Kohler (WestGermany), and niels K. jerne (UK/Denmark), for their work in immunology http://www.infoplease.com/year/1984.html

in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Daily Almanac for Sep 15, 2005 Skip Navigation Home Almanacs ... Word of the Day Editor's Favorites Back to School Hurricane Katrina Daylight Saving Time Hispanic Heritage Month ... Mississippi Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map College Center Scholarship Search College Resources Career Center Job Search Post Your Resume Continuing Ed. more . . . Search: Infoplease Info search tips Search: Biographies Bio search tips Previous Year Next Year World ... View a 1984 calendar World Events World Statistics Population: 4.769 billion population by decade Nobel Peace Prize: Bishop Desmond Tutu (South Africa) More World Statistics... Syria frees captured US Navy pilot, Lieut. Robert C. Goodman, Jr. (Jan. 3). US and Vatican exchange diplomats after 116-year hiatus (Jan. 10). Reagan orders US Marines withdrawn from Beirut international peacekeeping force (Feb. 7). Yuri V. Andropov dies at 69; Konstantin U. Chernenko , 72, named Soviet leader (Feb. 9). Background: Rulers of Russia since 1533 Italy and Vatican agree to end Roman Catholicism as state religion (Feb. 18).

51. Niels Kai Jerne jerne, niels Kai , 1911–94, BritishDanish immunologist, b. London. jerne,niels Kai (The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition). Reviewed elsewhere. http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0826194.html

in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Daily Almanac for Sep 15, 2005 Skip Navigation Home Almanacs ... Word of the Day Editor's Favorites Back to School Hurricane Katrina Daylight Saving Time Hispanic Heritage Month ... Mississippi Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map College Center Scholarship Search College Resources Career Center Job Search Post Your Resume Continuing Ed. more . . . Search: Infoplease Info search tips Search: Biographies Bio search tips google_ad_client = 'pub-1894504138907931'; google_ad_width = 120; google_ad_height = 240; google_ad_format = '120x240_as'; google_ad_type = 'text'; google_ad_channel =''; google_color_border = ['336699','B4D0DC','DFF2FD','B0E0E6']; google_color_bg = ['FFFFFF','ECF8FF','DFF2FD','FFFFFF']; google_color_link = ['0000FF','0000CC','0000CC','000000']; google_color_url = ['008000','008000','008000','336699']; google_color_text = ['000000','6F6F6F','000000','333333']; Encyclopedia Jerne, Niels Kai u Pronunciation Key Jerne, Niels Kai Milstein and Georges The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia

52. The Biological Notion Of Self And Non-self Well before the current debate about the immune self, niels jerne jerne,niels K. (1974) “Towards a network theory of the immune system,” Annals of http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/biology-self/

version history HOW TO CITE THIS ENTRY Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy A ... Z This document uses XHTML/Unicode to format the display. If you think special symbols are not displaying correctly, see our guide Displaying Special Characters last substantive content change MAY The Encyclopedia Now Needs Your Support Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free The Biological Notion of Self and Non-self 1. Introduction 2. Historical Antecedents 3. Origins of the Immune Self 4. Twentieth Century Constructions of the Immune Self ... Related Entries 1. Introduction th century (Tauber and Chernyak 1991; Mazumdar 1995), has became a hotly contested one today (Langman 2000), and offers a rich philosophical topic, both in terms of its epistemological standing, as well as its metaphysical foundations (Tauber 1994; 1999). 2. Historical Antecedents th century, when Claude Bernard set the theoretical stage for the autonomous organism (E. Cohen 2001). In contradistinction to an animal in humoral balance with a pervasive environment, Bernard postulated the primacy of the organism's essential independence. Physiology became the mode of inquiry for medical experimentation, one that instantiated a reductive strategy based on positivist principles. Later, biochemistry and genetics pursued this methodological and theoretical approach, thereby providing medicine with its modern experimental basis. Bernard furnished biology with a new concept of the organism, one which would have wider ramifications than the establishment of a scientific method. Obviously, interchange with the environment was a necessary requirement for life, but Bernard emphasized how boundaries provided the crucial metabolic limits required for normal physiological function. With his concept of the

53. International: Italiano: Salute: Medicina: Medici E Ricercatori: Jerne, Niels - Translate this page Italiano Salute Medicina Medici e Ricercatori jerne, niels - Open Site . In tutta la Directory, Solo in Medici_e_Ricercatori/jerne,_niels http://open-site.org/International/Italiano/Salute/Medicina/Medici_e_Ricercatori

Open Site The Open Encyclopedia Project Pagina principale Aggiungi Contenuti Diventa Editore In tutta la Directory Solo in Medici_e_Ricercatori/Jerne,_Niels Top International Italiano Salute ... Medici e Ricercatori : Jerne, Niels Vedi anche: International: Italiano: Societ : Strutture Sociali: Persone: Biografie: Premio Nobel Questa Categoria ha bisogno di un Editore - Richiedila Open Site Code 0.5.3 robot company. Visit our sister sites dmoz.org mozilla.org chefmoz.org musicmoz.org ... modifica

54. Department Of Immunology At University Of Pittsburgh F. Macfarlane Burnet who with Medawar proposed a theory of immunologicaltolerance; niels K. jerne, who with Talmage and Burnet formulated the clonal http://immunology.medicine.pitt.edu/content.asp?id=303

55. Nobelists Who Attended CSHL Symposia jerne, niels K. 1967, 76, 89, MP/84. Katz ,Sir Bernard, 1952, MP/70. Kendall,Edward C. 1937, MP/50. Khorana ,H. Gobind, 1963, 66, 68, 70, 83, 88, MP/68 http://library.cshl.edu/archives/archives/Nobelists who attended Symposia.htm

Carnegie Building - 1905 Nobelists who attended CSHL Symposia Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Archives Nobelists Symposium Year Won Arber ,Werner MP/78 Altman, Sidney C/89 Baltimore, David* MP/75 Beadle,George Wells MP/58 Benacerraf ,Baruj MP/80 Berg, Paul* C/80 Bishop, John Michael MP/89 Blobel, Günther MP/99 Bloch, Konrod F. MP/64 Blumberg, Baruch S. MP/76 Burnet, Sir Frank M. MP/60 Calvin, Melvin C/61 Cech, Thomas R. C/89 Claude, Albert MP/74 Cohen, Stanley* MP/86 Cori ,Carl F. MP/47 Cori ,Gerty T. MP/47 Cournand, Andre F. MP/56 Crick, Francis H.C.* MP/62 Dale, Sir Henry H. MP/36 Delbrück, Max* MP/69 Doherty, Peter MP/96 Du Vigneaud ,Vincent C/55 Dulbecco, Renato* MP/75 Eccles ,Sir John Carew MP/63 Edelman ,Gerald M. MP/72 Furchgott, Robert F. MP/98 Gajdusek, Daniel Carleton MP/76 Gasser, Herbert S. MP/44 Gilbert, Walter* C/80 Gilman, Alfred MP/94 Glaser, Donald A. P/60 Hartline, Haldan Keffer MP/67 Hershey ,Alfred D.* MP/69 Hill ,Archibald V.* MP/22 Hodgkin ,Dorothy C. C/64 Hodgkin, Alan Lloyd MP/63 Holley, Robert W. MP/68 Hubel, David H. MP/81 Huber, Robert C/88 Huxley, Andrew Fielding

56. 20th Century Year By Year 1984 jerne, niels K., Denmark, Basel Institute for Immunology, Basel, Switzerland, b.1911, d. 1994; KOHLER, GEORGES JF, Federal Republic of Germany, http://www.historycentral.com/20th/1984.html

Major Event/ Sports Nobel Prizes Pulitzer Prizes ... Popular Book s / Popular Television Shows Popular Music/ Grammy Awards/ Tony Awards Major Events of 1984 Indira Gandhi murdered UK and China agree on Hong Kong Poison gas escapes from Union Carbide factories 300 people die when Indian Army attacks the Sikh Tem ple Moderates win elections in El Salvador AIDS breaks out Sports Olympic-Los Angeles NBA: Boston Celtics vs. LA Lakers Series: 4-3 NCAA Football: Brigham Young University Record: 13-0-0 Heisman Trophy: Doug Flutie, boston college, QB points: 2,240 Stanley Cup: Edmunton Oilers vs. New York Islanders Series: 4-1 Super Bowl XVIII: Los Angeles Raiders vs. Washington Redskins Score: 38-9 US Open Golf: Fuzzy Zoller Score: 276* Course: Winged Foot GC Location: Mamaroneck, NY (* Playoff with Greg Norman) World Series: Detroit Tigers vs. San Diego Padres Series: 4-1 Hit Songs of 1984 1. "Owner of a Lonely Heart" ... Yes 2. "Karma Chamelon" ... Culture Club 3. "Jump" ... Van Halen

57. STB: References F To L jerne, niels K. (1973). The immune system. Scientific American, 229, 5260.jerne, niels K. (1975). Structural analogies between the immune system and the http://faculty.ed.uiuc.edu/g-cziko/stb/refs_f-l.html

[HOME] [PREV] -F- Methodology, metaphysics and the history of science: In memory of Benjamin Felson Falk, A. E. (1981). Purpose, feedback, and evolution. Philosophy of Science Feibleman, J. (1977). Adaptive knowing: Epistemology from a realistic standpoint . The Hague: Nijhoff. Revue Internationale de Philosophie Feyerabend, P. K. (1974). [Review of K. R. Popper. (1972). Objective knowledge Inquiry [Oslo], Journal of Social and Biological Structures , 3-55. (Article is followed by 33 critiques, reply, and references, pp. 57-189.] Finkel, L. H. (1985). Selection mechanisms in neural mapping. In Gerald M. Edelman (Ed.), Molecular determinants of animal form (pp. 571-618). New York: Alan R. Liss. Fischer, H. R. (1986, August). Autopoiesis: Neues Paradigma oder neuer Mythos? Paper presented at the Eleventh International Wittgenstein Symposium, Kirchberg am Wechsel, Austria. 1963 Flavell, J. H. (1963). The developmental psychology of Jean Piaget. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand. Fleck, Jame. (1992). Selectionism dominant: An essay review. Flohr, H. (1985). [Review of F. M. Wuketits (Ed.). (1984).

58. Jerne, Niels K. (1967). Antibodies And Learning Selection Versus jerne, niels K. (1967). Antibodies and learning Selection versus instruction.In GC Quarton, T. Melnechuk, FO Schmitt (Eds.), The neurosciences A study http://faculty.ed.uiuc.edu/g-cziko/stb/default.asp?type=reference&referenceID=je

59. Clonal Selection Theory A discussion of the relative roles of Paul Ehrlich, niels jerne, Soderqvist, T.(1994) Darwinian overtones niels K. jerne and the origin of the http://post.queensu.ca/~forsdyke/theorimm0.htm

The Origins of the Clonal Selection Theory of Immunity A Case Study for Evaluation in Science By D. R. FORSDYKE From FASEB. Journal 1995, vol Introduction The role of Ehrlich The role of Jerne The roles of Talmage and Burnet ... References Introduction T he advent of the clonal selection theory in the 1950s transformed immunology. The implications of the theory were explored extensively by the Australian F. Macfarlane Burnet, who received a Nobel prize in 1960 (1, 2). However, the prize was awarded for "the discovery of immunological tolerance," and not for the clonal selection theory (3). Nevertheless, the theory is widely recognized as "Burnet’s clonal selection theory" In a monumental review of the development of ideas in immunology in the first half of the 20th century, Silverstein in 1989 carefully traced the origins of the clonal selection theory and the roles of Paul Ehrlich, Niels Jerne, David Talmage, and Burnet (6). Recently, the immunologists Cruse and Lewis (7) pointed out that "Talmage never received the recognition he deserved for his seminal contribution"

60. Andrea Grignolio Key words Frank M. Burnet, niels K. jerne, David W. Talmage, Joshua Lederberg,clonal selection theory, template vs. selective theories of antibody http://www.ishpssb.org/ocs/viewabstract.php?id=225

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