41. The Grignard Reaction victor grignard was an enthusiastic young French chemist who discovered how tomake organomagnesium halides (RMgX) while working for his PH. http://orac.sunderland.ac.uk/~hs0bcl/org3.htm

Prev page Next page Teaching top Home How to Tackle Organic Syntheses - a Beginner's Guide by Prof Otto Meth-Cohn The Grignard Reaction Victor Grignard was an enthusiastic young French chemist who discovered how to make organomagnesium halides (RMgX) while working for his PH.D. His boss, Barbier, had been trying this sort of chemistry for some time, but Victor was the genius who solved the problem. This discovery in 1901 changed the course of organic chemistry and won him the Nobel Prize in 1912. We now refer to such compounds as Grignard Reagents - and they are the first tool in your bag. Victor's breakthrough came with two discoveries - an ether solvent was vital and the whole chemistry must be carried out bone dry . You take an alkyl halide (preferably a bromide or iodide but a very reactive chloride such as tertiary-butyl chloride or benzyl chloride will be OK) magnesium metal and ether (dried with sodium metal) and with a little persuasion you get a vigorous reaction resulting in a Grignard reagent. The reagent is used in solution (it is soluble in ether) and is never isolated. The metal is positively polarised and the alkyl group thus is like a carbanion. It certainly behaves as a carbanion. All kinds of alkyl halides react - and amazingly, even bromobenzene and other aryl bromides and iodides react easily with magnesium. This is particularly surprising since the aromatic halogen is so unreactive. For example, it is inert to refluxing aqueous sodium hydroxide even above 200C.

42. Grignard, François Auguste-Victor grignard, François Augustevictor (1871-1935) grignard reagents added toformaldehyde (methanal) produce a primary alcohol; with any other aldehyde they http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/G/Grignard/1.htm

French chemist. In 1900 he discovered a series of organic compounds, the Grignard reagents, that found applications as some of the most versatile reagents in organic synthesis. Members of the class contain a hydrocarbon radical, magnesium, and a halogen such as chlorine. He shared the 1912 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. Grignard was born in Cherbourg and studied at Lyon. He became professor at Nancy 1910. During World War I he headed a department at the Sorbonne concerned with the development of chemical warfare. From 1919 he was professor at Lyon. Grignard reagents added to formaldehyde (methanal) produce a primary alcohol; with any other aldehyde they form secondary alcohols, and added to ketones give rise to tertiary alcohols. They will also add to a carboxylic acid to produce first a ketone and ultimately a tertiary alcohol.

43. Lycée Victor Grignard victor grignard BP 103 12 rue Guillaume FOUACE 50103 CHERBOURG cédex http://www.etab.ac-caen.fr/grignard/index2.html

window.open('./popup.htm','moi','toolbar=0,location=0,directories=0,status=0,scrollbars=0,resizable=0,copyhistory=0,menuBar=0,width=410,height=175,left=5,top=350'); "Lauris Clarum Ancora Firmius" "Illustre par les lauriers, plus solide grâce à l'ancre" Lycée général Victor GRIGNARD BP 103 12 rue Guillaume FOUACE CHERBOURG SOMMAIRE Vous êtes la ième personne à visiter ce site. Merci à vous.

44. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker E. V., GDCh - Victor Grignard - Georg Wittig-Vor Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker eV, GDCh victor grignard - Georg Wittig-Vorlesung. http://www.gdch.de/gdch/eps/namen/grignard__e.htm

Service MyGDCh Shop News ... Richard-Willstätter Lectureship Victor Grignard - Georg Wittig Lectureship Print Page This webpage will not be translated into English. Please refer to the German page, thank you. Last update: GCKOC, 2005-06-23 Print Page Impressum Webmaster

45. Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker E. V., GDCh - Victor Grignard - Georg Wittig-Vor Translate this page Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker eV, GDCh - victor grignard - Georg Wittig-Vorlesung. http://www.gdch.de/gdch/eps/namen/grignard.htm

Service MyGDCh Shop News ... Richard-Willstätter-Vorlesung Victor Grignard - Georg Wittig-Vorlesung Diese Seite drucken Wissenschaftler/innen, die mit der Victor Grignard - Georg Wittig-Vorlesung ausgezeichnet wurden: Jean-Pierre Majoral, Toulouse/Frankreich Michael Veith, Saarbrücken Bernhard P. Roques, Paris/Frankreich Karl Heinz Dötz, Bonn François Mathey, Palaiseau/Frankreich Igor B.M. Tkatchenko, Dijon/Frankreich Gerhard Wegner, Mainz Pierre Braunstein, Strasbourg/Frankreich Alois Fürstner, Mülheim/Ruhr Pierre Dixneuf, Rennes/Frankreich Charles Mioskowski, Strasbourg/Frankreich Robert Corriu, Montpellier/Frankreich Letzte Änderung: GCKOC, 23.06.2005 Diese Seite drucken Impressum Webmaster

46. MSU Chemistry - Gallery Of Chemists' Photo-Portraits And Mini-Biographies - Indi (Francois Auguste) victor grignard. grignard found that, in the presence of ether,magnesium reacts with alkyl and aryl halides at room temperature to form http://poohbah.cem.msu.edu/Portraits/PortraitsHH_Detail.asp?HH_LName=Grignard

47. Grignard Reagents One answer resulted from the work that Francois Auguste victor grignard startedas part of his Ph.D. research at the turn of the century. http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/2organic/grignard.html

Grignard Reagents So far, we have built a small repertoire of reactions that can be used to convert one functional group to another. We have briefly discussed converting alkenes to alkanes; alkanes to alkyl halides; alkyl halides to alcohols; alcohols to ethers, aldehydes, or ketones; and aldehydes to carboxylic acids. We have also shown how carboxylic acids can be converted into esters and amides. We have yet to encounter a reaction, however, that addresses a basic question: How do we make C C bonds? One answer resulted from the work that Francois Auguste Victor Grignard started as part of his Ph.D. research at the turn of the century. Grignard noted that alkyl halides react with magnesium metal in diethyl ether (Et O) to form compounds that contain a metal-carbon bond. Methyl bromide, for example, forms methylmagnesium bromide. Et O CH Br + Mg CH MgBr Because carbon is considerably more electronegative than magnesium, the metal-carbon bond in this compound has a significant amount of ionic character. Grignard reagents such as CH MgBr are best thought of as hybrids of ionic and covalent Lewis structures.

48. Nobel Prize Winning Chemists victor grignard. The Nobel Prize In Chemistry 1912. Francois Auguste victorgrignard was born in Cherbourg on May 6, 1871. http://www.sanbenito.k12.tx.us/district/webpages2002/judymedrano/Nobel Winners/v

Nobel Prize Winning Chemists Victor Grignard The Nobel Prize In Chemistry 1912 Francois Auguste Victor Grignard was born in Cherbourg on May 6, 1871. In 1901 he submitted his brilliant thesis on organic magnesium compounds Sur Les Combinaisons organomagnesiennes mixtes , and was awarded the degree Docteur es Sciences de Lyons. Grignard's first investigations concerned "ethyl beta-isopropylacetobutyrate and the stereoisomeric dilsopropylbutenedicarboxylic acids" and studies of branched unsaturated hydrocarbons. He studied organomagnesium compounds and his discovery of the classic preparation of magnesium alkyl halides was first communicated by Henri Moissan to the Academie des Sciences on May 11, 1900. He quickly developed the immediate applications of these elegant and simple reagents, which were destined to play such an important part in organic synthesis that, at the time of his death in 1935, there were over 6,000 references to them in the literature. He used the agents to prepare and study the more exotic alcohols, ketones, keto-esters, nitriles and terpene compounds and he developed a method for the synthesis of fulvenes. Grignard shared the Cahours Prize in 1901 and again in 1902, when he also won the Berthelot Medal. In 1905 he was awarded the Prix Jecker and in 1912 the Lavoiser Medal. In 1912 the Nobel Proze for Chemistry was conferred upon him, on account of his discovery of the so called Grignard reagent, sharing the prize with Paul Sabatier who received it because of his method of hydrogenating organic compounds by means of finely divided metals.

49. Grignard, François Auguste Victor grignard, François Auguste victor (18711935). 20th Century victor grignardand Paul Sabatier. External links will open in a new browser window http://www.euchems.org/Distinguished/20thCentury/grignard.asp

Contact us Home 100 Distinguished 20th Century Grignard, François Auguste Victor Grignard, François Auguste Victor (1871-1935) 20th Century Born: Cherbourg (France), 1871 Died: Lyon Rhône (France), 1935 Grignard obtained at the faculty of Lyon a licence in mathematics (1894). In the general chemistry laboratory of the Sciences Faculty in Lyon he was able to prepare the so called organomagnesium halides for the synthesis of new organic compounds. Grignard presented his work as his doctor's thesis (1901). Grignard reagents were used in all directions. The usefulness of the device was such that in 1910 he received a professorship in chemistry at the University of Nancy and of Lyon in 1919. In 1912 Grignard shared the Nobel Prize with Sabatier. Related Links Historical Aspects of Chemistry: Francois Auguste Victor Grignard French chemist, Nobel Prizewinner in 1912 for Grignard reagents The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1912 Victor Grignard and Paul Sabatier External links will open in a new browser window Main Links About EuCheMS News Sponsored Events Divisions ... Younger Chemists' Groups in Europe © EuCheMS 2005

50. Organic Preparations Index    Chemistry Contents   Home Page Francois Auguste victor grignard (1871 1935) Nobel Prize for Chemistry 1912 (withPaul Sabatier). This preparation describes the production of a tertiary http://www.rod.beavon.clara.net/grignard_prep.htm

Francois Auguste Victor Grignard Nobel Prize for Chemistry 1912 (with Paul Sabatier) This preparation describes the production of a tertiary alcohol from a Grignard reagent and a ketone. The Grignard reagent is butylmagnesium bromide, CH CH CH CH MgBr, which is reacted with propanone. The structure of Grignard reagents is, perhaps surprisingly, not wholly clear. That it is complexed in some way with the solvent is known, as is its behaviour as a nucleophile, effectively CH CH CH CH The reaction is performed in a reflux apparatus which has a calcium chloride guard tube inserted in the top of the condenser. Hazards: the major hazard is the explosive nature of ethoxyethane vapour, followed closely by its anaesthetic effect. This preparation should only be done in an efficient fume cupboard, with no naked flames anywhere in the laboratory. Ethoxyethane vapour is very dense and can creep long distances along bench-tops and floors. Any attempt at this preparation must be based on the full text of the recipe (from Vogel's 'Handbook of Preparative Organic Chemistry') and a risk assessment appropriate to the institution must be made. Place a 250 cm three-necked round-bottomed flask, a double-surface water condenser, a tap funnel and a guard tube containing anhydrous calcium chloride in an oven at 120

51. Victor Grignard - Nobelpreis Für Chemie grignard sche Reagenz, das in http://www.nobelpreis.org/chemie/grignard.html

vor suchen Home Chemie ... Wirtschaft Victor Grignard * 6. 5. 1871, Cherbourg (Frankreich) "Für das von ihm aufgefundene sog. Grignard'sche Reagenz, das in den letzten Jahren in hohem Grad den Fortschritt der organischen Chemie gefördert hat" diesen Artikel bearbeiten Webmaster Services

52. Grignard François Auguste victor grignard was born in Cherbourg on May 6, 1871. He attendedlocal schools during 188387 and in 1889 he won a scholarship to the http://chem-faculty.ucsd.edu/theodorakis/Quiz folder/grignard.html

Victor Grignard - Biography Excerpt from: (http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1912/grignard-bio.html) François Auguste Victor Grignard was born in Cherbourg on May 6, 1871. He attended local schools during 1883-87 and in 1889 he won a scholarship to the École Normale Spécial at Cluny. After two years, the school, which was intended to produce teachers for modern secondary schools, was closed because of a dispute between supporters of the "classic" and "modern" methods of secondary education. Grignard and his classmates were transferred to other establishments in order to finish the entitlement of their scholarships and Grignard himself had the good fortune to join the University of Lyons, where he was attached to the Faculté des Sciences. He was unsuccessful in the licentiate examination in mathematics and in 1892 he left to fulfil his military service. Towards the end of 1893 he was demobilized and returned to Lyons to gain the degree Licencié ès Sciences Mathématiques in 1894. In December, 1894, after some persuasion, he accepted a junior post in the Faculté des Sciences, working with Louis Bouveault: he was later promoted to préparateur and it was then that he began his long association with Philippe Barbier. He obtained the degree Licencié-ès-Sciences Physiques and in 1898 he became chef des travaux pratiques and also wrote his first paper, jointly with Barbier. In 1901 he submitted his brilliant thesis on organic magnesium compounds

53. Viktor Grignard 6 Mai 1871 In Cherbourg †... Translate this page Die ebenfalls nach victor grignard benannte grignard-Reaktion besitzt großeBedeutung für die synthetische Herstellung von Alkoholen http://www.melifon.de/Victor Grignard

Victor Grignard "Viktor Grignard" ( 6. Mai in Cherbourg 13. Dezember in Lyon ) war ein franz¶sischer Chemiker Grignard erhielt den Nobelpreis f¼r Chemie "f¼r das von ihm aufgefundene so genannte Grignard'sche Reagenz , das in den letzten Jahren in hohem Grad den Fortschritt der organischen Chemie gef¶rdert hat" Die ebenfalls nach Victor Grignard benannte Grignard-Reaktion besitzt groŸe Bedeutung f¼r die synthetische Herstellung von Alkoholen Grignard, Victor Grignard, Victor Grignard, Victor ... Index (Vi) Original, History and Authors: de-wikipedia-org/wiki/Victor Grignard Versionsgeschichte Artikel bearbeiten Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License" Optimiertes IT-Management mit ITIL von Frank Victor Holger G¼nther mehr zu: Victor Grignard

54. Grignard - YourDictionary.com - American Heritage Dictionary Search Mamma.com for grignard . TYPE IN YOUR WORD CLICK GO! Search Gri·gnard Listen gr nyär , François Auguste victor 1871-1935. http://www.yourdictionary.com/ahd/g/g0270100.html

Search Mamma.com for "Grignard" Search: Normal Definitions Short defs (Pronunciation Key) Gri·gnard Listen: gr n-yär François Auguste Victor French chemist. He shared a 1912 Nobel Prize for his discovery of a group of reagents used in the synthesis of organic compounds. Back to Search Back The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition

55. Grignard Synthesis In the early part of the 20th century, victor grignard, a French organic chemist (theFrench pronunciation of his name can be approximated as greenyard ) http://chemistry2.csudh.edu/rpendarvis/grignard.html

Chemistry 240 Summer 2001 Grignard Reagent and its Synthetic Uses Review of Reactivity Grignard Reagent Addition to Carbonyl Group Thinking from Products to Reactants ... Last time we looked at a reaction in which a new carbon-carbon bond was made. Today, we'll look at another such reaction, one which is generally quite useful for synthesis, the assembly of larger carbon structures from smaller molecules. First, let's look back over the reactions we've studied. We see some consistent patterns emerging in the addition reactions of carbonyl groups. The carbonyl carbon is electrophilic. Nucleophiles add there. If acid is present, the first step is attack of H at the oxygen atom. The nucleophile adds to the carbonyl carbon, which is now quite electrophilic, in the second step of the reaction. If acid is not present, the first step is the reaction of the nucleophile with the carbonyl carbon, a process in which the carbonyl oxygen becomes negatively charged. This step is followed by attachment of an H to that oxygen. Later steps, which depend upon the structure of the nucleophile, determine whether the overall reaction is addition or replacement of the oxygen by the nucleophilic atom.

56. SCI - Symposia & Congress Journées victor grignard 14h40, victor grignard et la naissance de sonréactif Prof G. Bram – Université Paris Sud XI, Orsay, France http://www.scifrance.org/congres/grignard/proggb.html

de Lyon November 23rd-24th 2000 Introduction Committees Information program Thursday 23rd of November Welcome "Victor Grignard et la naissance de son réactif " Pause "Les limites de la réaction de Grignard, l’intérêt des zinciques " Friday 24th of November "Progress in the total synthesis of novel hexaisoprenoids " Cambridge, USA "Preparation and reactions of highly functionalized Grignard reagents " Break "TADDOL derivatives, our dream of universally applicable chiral auxiliaries - a tour from magnesium to lithium to titanium " Cambridge, USA LUNCH "Applications of organometallic chemistry in industry " "Organometallic Catalysis: Quo vadis ? " "Auto-organisation de métallo-architectures supramoléculaires " CLOSING IN ASSOCIATION WITH :

57. SCI - Symposia & Congress victor grignard was the Director for 15 years of this school (formerly Ecole de http://www.scifrance.org/congres/grignard/default.html

de Lyon November 23rd-24th 2000 Committees Program Information In 1900 Victor Grignard published his first paper entitled "Sur quelques nouvelles combinaisons organométalliques du magnésium et leurs applications dans les synthèses d’alcools et d’hydrocarbures" 43, boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918 FRANCE IN ASSOCIATION WITH :

58. Www.sobiografias.hpg.ig.com.br/VictorGr.html victor grignard, né à Cherbourg, Prix Nobel de chimie, doyen de la Translate this page victor grignard, né à Cherbourg, Prix Nobel de chimie, doyen de la Faculté desSciences de Lyon. victor grignard reçoit le Prix Nobel de chimie en 1912. http://www.sobiografias.hpg.ig.com.br/VictorGr.html

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59. Grignard Molecule - 1 grignard Compounds. An organometallic compound can be described as one which hasa carbon compounds are named after Barbiers student, victor grignard. http://www.ch.ic.ac.uk/rzepa/mim/nobel/grignard/gri_text1.html

Grignard Compounds An organometallic compound can be described as one which has a carbon atom directly bonded to either a metallic atom ( eg . mercury, magnesium, lead) or to a metalloid eg . silicon, arsenic). Examples are: Butyllithium Tetraethyllead Some of the most useful reagents in organic synthesis are the organomagnesium halides ( RMgX

60. Encyclopedia: Victor Grignard Other descriptions of victor grignard. François Auguste victor grignard (born inCherbourg, 6 May 1871, died in Lyon, 13 December 1935) was a Nobel http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Victor-Grignard

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Related Articles People who viewed "Victor Grignard" also viewed: Grignard reagent J. H. van 't Hoff List of chemists Vladimir Prelog ... Yuan T. Lee What's new? Our next offering Latest newsletter Student area Lesson plans Recent Updates Zheng He Zeus Yukon general election, 2006 Yoji Biomehanika ... More Recent Articles Top Graphs Richest Most Murderous Most Taxed Most Populous ... More Stats Encyclopedia: Victor Grignard Updated 212 days 10 hours 48 minutes ago. Other descriptions of Victor Grignard François Auguste Victor Grignard (born in Cherbourg 6 May , died in Lyon 13 December ) was a Nobel Prize -winning French chemist Grignard was the son of a sail maker. After studying mathematics at Lyon he transferred to chemistry, becoming a professor at the University of Nancy in . During World War I, he was transferred to the new field of chemical warfare, and worked on the manufacture of phosgene and the detection of mustard gas . His "opposite number" on the german side was another Nobel Prize winning Chemist, Fritz Haber He is most noted for devising a new method for creating carbon-carbon bonds (i.e. an

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