21. Australian Nobel Laureates - Howard Walter Florey howard walter florey is best known for his work on penicillin, but there is muchmore He was knighted in 1944, and made lord florey of Adelaide in 1965, http://www.asap.unimelb.edu.au/bsparcs/exhib/nobel/florey.htm

'People sometimes think that I and the others worked on penicillin because we were interested in suffering humanity. I don't think it ever crossed our minds about suffering humanity. This was an interesting scientific exercise, and because it was of some use in medicine is very gratifying, but this was not the reason that we started working on it.' Howard Walter Florey is best known for his work on penicillin, but there is much more to this famous Australian scientist. He was a solitary man, with few close friends; laboratory research and travel were his great loves. Interestingly, he was concerned about the population explosion caused by improving health care. Born in Adelaide, South Australia, on 24 September 1898, Howard Florey was the youngest of five children and the only boy in his family. His father was a bootmaker and ran a successful company. At school Florey was nicknamed 'Floss', a name that stayed with him for life. He was an outstanding student, excelling at almost everything - except mathematics. In 1917, and with a research career in mind, Florey began studying medicine at the University of Adelaide. He won a Rhodes Scholarship in 1921, and left Australia for Oxford University and to make his home permanently overseas.

22. Bright Sparcs - Australasian Science Article: Howard Florey (1) Hazel be Berg, transcript of taped interview with lord howard florey, Rise up to Life a biography of howard walter florey who gave penicillin to http://www.asap.unimelb.edu.au/bsparcs/exhib/journal/as_florey.htm

by Denise Sutherland 'People sometimes think that I and the others worked on penicillin because we were interested in suffering humanity. I don¹t think it ever crossed our minds about suffering humanity. This was an interesting scientific exercise, and because it was of some use in medicine is very gratifying, but this was not the reason that we started working on it.' Florey is best known for his work on penicillin, but there is much more to this famous Australian scientist. He was a solitary man, with few close friends; laboratory research and travel were his great loves. Interestingly, he was concerned about the population explosion caused by improving health care. Born in Adelaide, South Australia, in 1898, Howard Florey was the youngest of five children and the only boy in his family. At school he was nicknamed 'Floss', a name that stayed with him for life. He was an outstanding student, excelling at almost everything - except mathematics. In 1917, and with a research career in mind, Florey began studying medicine at the University of Adelaide. He won a Rhodes Scholarship in 1921, and left Australia for Oxford University and to make his home permanently overseas. His boundless ambition and ability, as well as his strong character, were immediately obvious to his British colleagues: 'He could be ruthless and selfish; on the other hand, he could show kindliness, a warm humanity and, at times, sentiment and a sense of humour ... at times, he went out of his way to cut people down to size ... [but] in the years I knew him he did not once utter a word of praise about himself.'

23. Florey - The Person Highlights of the Life of howard walter florey (lord florey of Adelaide andMarston 18981968) 1898- howard walter florey was born to Joseph and Bertha http://www.tallpoppies.net.au/florey/explorer/theperson/main-content.html

History Birth Upbringing Education Marriage ... Highlights Many people do not know that Howard Florey was an Australian. Many people do not know that he made penicillin. He was born in Adelaide, South Australia on 24 September 1898. He was, perhaps, Australia’s greatest scientist. His finest deed was the development of the "miracle medicine" penicillin. From the John Curtin School of Medical Research Archive Birth Howard Florey was born at the Florey home in suburban Adelaide on 24 September 1898. He was the only son and third child of Joseph Florey and his second wife, Bertha. Howard had four older sisters. Charlotte and Anne, were the children of his father Joseph and his first wife Charlotte. His sisters, Hilda and Valetta, were born in 1891 and 1892. Barr Smith Library, University of Adelaide Upbringing Howard Florey grew up in comfortable surroundings. His father Joseph was a wealthy shoe manufacturer. Joseph Florey and his first wife, Charlotte, left England for South Australia in 1882. Charlotte was ill with consumption . Seeking a more favourable climate, the family sailed for Adelaide, hoping the change would cure Charlotte's consumptive condition.

24. Sources (2) Rise up to Life A biography of howard walter florey who made penicillin andgave Daniel McMichael, grandson of lord florey. Nobel Foundation. (1) http://www.tallpoppies.net.au/florey/club/84.html

Sources BBC. The Magic Bullet , radio program. Bickel, Lennard. Howard Florey. The Man Who Made Pencillin , Melbourne University Press, 1972. Bickel, Lennard. Rise up to Life: A biography of Howard Walter Florey who made penicillin and gave it to the world , Angus and Robertson, 1972, p. 106 Bowen, Mollie. In an interview with Alex Pouw-Bray, October 1997. Brown, Mitchell C. Nobel Prize Winners in Medicine and Physiology Brown, J. What the heck is an antibiotic? Mitchell C. Brown Louisiana State University Libraries, Chemistry Library Tele: (504) 388-2530 * Fax: (504) 388-2760 Major revisions made by Alex Pouw-Bray 2/12/97 using information from URL: Bryant-Mole, Karen. History from Objects. At School . Wayland, 1996. Chain. Endeavour , Jan 1944 Curtis and Barnes. Introduction to Biology (5th Edition. Worth 1994) Davies, Barbara PENICILLIN RDS: Davies, Barbara MYTH: Animal testing is unreliable . RDS: Nov 1995. Davis et al. Microbiology (2nd Edition. Harper International 1973) Encel, Vivien.

25. Articles - Howard Walter Florey howard walter florey, Baron florey (September 24, 1898 – February 21, 1968)was a pharmacologist who 1960–1965, Succeeded by The lord Blackett http://www.1-electric.com/articles/Howard_Walter_Florey

Home Electric Scooters Wheelchairs Lifts Howard Walter Florey, Baron Florey September 24 February 21 ) was a pharmacologist who shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in with Ernst Boris Chain and Sir Alexander Fleming for his role in the extraction of penicillin Born in Adelaide South Australia , Florey was a brilliant student (and junior sportsman) who studied medicine at the University of Adelaide from to . At the university he met Ethel Reed, another medical student who was to become both his wife and his research colleague. A Rhodes Scholar , he continued his studies at Magdalen College Oxford University After periods in the United States and at the University of Cambridge , he returned to Oxford, becoming a Fellow of Lincoln College and leading a team of researchers. In , working with Ernst Boris Chain and Norman Heatley Penicillium notatum mould. His research team investigated the large-scale production of the mould and efficient extraction of the active ingredient, succeeding to the point where, by , penicillin production was an industrial process for the Allies in World War II For his work, Florey was elevated to the peerage as

26. Florey, Howard Walter Florey, Baron --  Encyclopædia Britannica florey, howard walter florey, Baron Australian pathologist who, with Ernst Boris Nottingham, Charles howard, 1st Earl of English lord high admiral who http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?tocId=9034624

27. Lord Howard Florey - Papers howard walter florey, Baron florey of Adelaide and Marston, 18981968. Collection ofphotographs and biographical material relating to florey, http://www.library.adelaide.edu.au/ual/special/florey.html

@import "/lib/house.css"; The University of Adelaide Home Search Special Collections ... Library Home The University of Adelaide Library North Terrace ADELAIDE SA 5005 Phone: +61 8 8303 5372 Fax: +61 8 8303 4369 Email: Howard Walter Florey, Baron Florey of Adelaide and Marston, Collection of photographs and biographical material relating to Florey, including honours and exhibitions, c1920-2002 Access to Manuscript Collections MSS 0082 1. Newspaper cuttings and copies of articles relating to the life of Howard Florey , including obituaries and memorials, collected by Dr. Joan Gardner. c1920-81. 1v. [Includes loosely inserted copies of Time May 15, 1944; MSN Monthly Science News December 1944; also an article re Joseph Florey 1905] 2. Photographs of Howard Florey and the Florey family. 2 folders. [Folder 1 presented by Dr Joan Gardner: an item list is available here Folder 2 presented by various donors, largely through the agency of Dr. Richard Brock. These include Florey receiving his D.Sc. and at the opening of the Florey laboratories at the ANU (1958), Florey's former home Coreega and the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology] 3. Miscellaneous articles, letters and family history notes.

28. Lord Howard Florey - Papers howard walter florey, Baron florey of Adelaide and Marston, 18981968 Photographs contributed by Dr. Joan Gardner, niece of lord florey per favour of http://www.library.adelaide.edu.au/ual/special/florey2.html

@import "/lib/house.css"; The University of Adelaide Home Search Special Collections ... Library Home The University of Adelaide Library North Terrace ADELAIDE SA 5005 Phone: +61 8 8303 5372 Fax: +61 8 8303 4369 Email: Howard Walter Florey, Baron Florey of Adelaide and Marston, MSS 0082 Series 2. Photographs of Howard Florey and the Florey family. Access to Manuscript Collections Return to main Florey listing Photographs contributed by Dr. Joan Gardner, niece of Lord Florey per favour of Prof. John Coghlan Howard Florey Institute of Experimental Physiology and Medicine. University of Melbourne on 1 June 1995. Joseph Florey and family in his car c1904; sepia mounted 16 x 11cm Howard Florey in a cradle age approx. 6 months at Fisher St. Malvern; sepia mounted 10 x 15cm Howard, Hilda and Valetta Florey - Howard at approx. 8 years of age; sepia, oval, mounted, 4 x 5cm Howard Florey lighting a pipe; 6x9cm Howard Florey wearing bow tie and cap; 6x 10cm Howard Florey with half sister Charlotte and mother Bertha Florey 1936; 9 x6cm Howard Florey in laboratory coat sitting beside a microscope of old design; 6x9cm

29. The Person Highlights of the Life of howard walter florey (lord florey of Adelaide andMarston) 18981968 1898- howard walter florey was born to Joseph and Bertha http://www.aips.net.au/tallpoppies/florey/researcher/theperson/main-content.html

History Birth Upbringing Education Marriage ... Highlights Birth Howard Florey was born at the Florey home at Fisher Street, Malvern, in suburban Adelaide on 24 September 1898. He was the only son and third child of Joseph Florey and his second wife, Bertha. Howard had four older sisters. Charlotte and Anne, were the children of his father Joseph and his first wife Charlotte. His sisters, Hilda and Valetta, were born in 1891 and 1892. From the John Curtin School of Medical Research Archive Upbringing Howard Florey grew up in comfortable surroundings. His father Joseph was a wealthy shoe manufacturer. Joseph Florey and his first wife, Charlotte, left England for South Australia in 1882. Charlotte was ill with consumption . Seeking a more favourable climate, the family sailed for Adelaide, hoping the change would cure Charlotte's consumptive condition. Barr Smith Library, University of Adelaide They first lived at "Argyle Cottage" in Clyde Lane, Parkside. Joseph prospered in business as a boot and shoe manufacturer and moved from his first workshop in Young Street at Parkside to establish the Enterprise Boot Factory in Pulteney Street, Adelaide. By 1897, he owned 'The Standard Shoe and Leather Company' of Grenfell Street. His boots and shoes sold, not just in Adelaide, but throughout Australia. Joseph Florey was the biggest shoe and boot manufacturer in South Australia. Federation (1901) opened up interstate trade. Joseph began to export his products to Sydney and Melbourne.

30. Student Exercises In Australia we are proud to be the birthplace of howard walter florey who wasborn in At the age 70, lord florey died at Oxford on 21 February 1968. http://www.aips.net.au/tallpoppies/florey/activities/sa/31act.html

History Activity 1 Teachers Notes Early Years: HISTORY 1. Where and when was Howard Florey born? 2. Why did his father migrate from England to Australia? 3. From where do people migrate to Australia now? Why? 5. What similarities and what differences can you detect between the World War II period and now about such things as family life, clothing, houses, transport and education? FAMILY LIFE EDUCATION SOSE Statements and Profiles: b. Family: HISTORY 2. Was that a usual thing for a woman to do then? 3. Is it more common for a woman to do this now? Why? 5-6. Their children, Pacquita and Charles were sent to the United States when World War Two broke out. This was to save them from the bombing raids the German air force was making on Britain. 5. Imagine you were one of the children and write a letter to your parents telling what this new life is like for you. 6. Imagine you were either of the parents (Howard or Ethel) and write a letter to the children telling about your work at that time (c.1941-1943) SOSE Statements and Profiles: c. Education:

31. Rhodes Scholarship -- Facts, Info, And Encyclopedia Article (Click link for more info and facts about howard walter florey) howard walter Johan Steyn (Cape Province and University, 1955), lord Justice of Appeal http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/r/rh/rhodes_scholarship.htm

Rhodes Scholarship [Categories: University of Oxford] The Rhodes Scholarships were created by (A man who is a native or inhabitant of England) Englishman (British colonial financier and statesman in South Africa; made a fortune in gold and diamond mining; helped colonize the territory now known as Zimbabwe; he endowed annual fellowships for Commonwealth and United States students to study at Oxford Universi) Cecil John Rhodes . They have been awarded to applicants annually since 1902 by the (A city in southern England northwest of London; site of Oxford University) Oxford -based Rhodes Trust, on the basis of academic qualities as well as those of character. They provide the successful candidate with two years of study at the (Click link for more info and facts about University of Oxford) University of Oxford in (A division of the United Kingdom) England , possibly extended for a third year. (A person with a prejudiced belief that one race is superior to others) racist opinions about the superiority of the English race over all others, and his intention was to use the scholarships to educate future foreign leaders in England so that they could help spread English influence when they returned to their home countries. However, it is generally felt that the Rhodes Trust has since rejected the racist parts of Rhodes's original ideals. Standards The requirements for applicants are high. Rhodes' will specified four standards by which applicants were to be judged:

32. City Of Mitcham - Howard Florey - The Council And Administration howard florey lord walter howard florey was born 24 September 1898. Raised inMalvern, he was the youngest of three children. By 1916 florey entered the http://www.mitchamcouncil.sa.gov.au/site/page.cfm?u=320

33. Encyclopedia: Howard Walter Florey Other descriptions of howard walter florey. howard walter florey, Baronflorey (September 24, 1898 – February 1960–1965, Succeeded by The lord Blackett http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Howard-Walter-Florey

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Related Articles People who viewed "Howard Walter Florey" also viewed: Howard Florey Magdalen College, Oxford University of Adelaide Zelman Cowen ... Tea Tree Gully What's new? Our next offering Latest newsletter Student area Lesson plans Recent Updates Vertex cover problem Ventriloquist (comics) Venezuela Veganism ... More Recent Articles Top Graphs Richest Most Murderous Most Taxed Most Populous ... More Stats Encyclopedia: Howard Walter Florey Updated 33 days 19 hours 54 minutes ago. Other descriptions of Howard Walter Florey Howard Walter Florey, Baron Florey September 24 February 21 ) was a pharmacologist who shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in with Ernst Boris Chain and Sir Alexander Fleming for his role in the extraction of penicillin September 24 is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years). ... 1898 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1968 was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... Sir Edward Appletons medal Photographs of Nobel Prize Medals. ...

34. Professor Frank Fenner - Publications - John Curtin School, ANU Fenner, FJ florey, lord howard walter, Baron florey of Adelaide and Marston.In Roll of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians (GL McDonald, ed.), pp. http://jcsmr.anu.edu.au/fenner/pubs.htm

Warning : main(/users_2/www/documents/php_includes/httptop.php): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /var/www/jcsmr/documents/fenner/pubs.htm on line Warning /var/www/jcsmr/documents/fenner/pubs.htm on line Warning : main(/users_2/www/documents/php_includes/new_header.inc): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /var/www/jcsmr/documents/fenner/pubs.htm on line Warning /var/www/jcsmr/documents/fenner/pubs.htm on line Publications: Frank John FENNER Books Articles, Book Chapters: 1996-Now Prof Fenner: main page Books 1. Burnet, F.M. and Fenner, F. (1949). The Production of Antibodies, MacMillan, Melbourne, 142 pages 2. Fenner, F. and Ratcliffe, F.N. (1965). Myxomatosis. Cambridge University Press, London and New York, 371 pages 3. Fenner, F. (1968). The Biology of Animal Viruses. Academic Press, New York, 846 pages 4. Fenner, F., McAuslan, B.R., Mims, C.A., Sambrook, J.F. and White, D.O. (1974). The Biology of Animal Viruses, 2nd Edition, Academic Press, New York, 834 pages Russian translation, 1977

35. Health Report - 21/09/1998: Howard Florey Part Two Sharon Carleton The Australian scientist, howard walter florey, Sharon CarletonIn 1965, florey was made Baron lord florey of Adelaide and Marston. http://www.abc.net.au/rn/talks/8.30/helthrpt/stories/s12820.htm

Radio National with Norman Swan Howard Florey Part Two Monday 21 September 1998 Summary: This is the second of a two part series on Howard Florey. It explores the wonderful and bizarre way of how penicillin found its way from mould to miracle drug. Norman Swan: Welcome to the program, which is the second of Sharon Carleton's two-part series marking the centenary of Howard Florey's birth this month. Florey was an Australian Nobel Laureate. He won it for his work in recognising the potential of penicillin, something which Alexander Fleming had failed to do, and then developing it into a drug which helped the allies win the war. Yet Florey just isn't recognised in the way, as you're about to hear from Sharon, in the way he ought to be. Douglas Ritchie: Oh I learned that God didn't want me, he didn't want me upstairs with him and his mates, and the Devil didn't want me downstairs with his mates. So they whacked penicillin into me and that kept me alive. Sharon Carleton: A massive 35% of all antibiotics used in Australia today are penicillin-based. And 70-year-old Douglas Ritchie from Canberra was just one of the 50-million or so people around the world whose lives have been saved by it. Mr Ritchie contracted lysteria meningitis. Douglas Ritchie: I sort of half woke up; there seemed to be an open space with a line drawn across it. On one side of this line was death and the other side was life. I thought to myself, 'I don't give a damn which way I go.'

36. NLA News, September 2001: Howard Florey And The Development Of Penicillin Portrait of lord howard W. florey (1898–1968) AIS photograph Rise Up to LifeA Biography of howard walter florey Who Gave Penicillin to the World. http://www.nla.gov.au/pub/nlanews/2001/sep01/hflorey.html

September 2001 Volume XI Number 12 Unknown photographer Portrait of Lord Howard W. Florey AIS photograph Pictorial Collection Neg. 4583 Barry York discusses the work of Howard Florey, the medical scientist responsible for turning penicillin into a dispensable drug which saves countless lives worldwide L ooking back on the twentieth century, it is difficult to nominate an individual Australian whose contribution to the welfare of humanity was greater than that of Howard Florey. In 1945, Florey, Alexander Fleming and Ernst Chain jointly received the Nobel Prize. Their contribution was the new ‘wonder drug’, penicillin. Prior to the mass production of penicillin, the simplest infection—a scratch or pinprick—could spell amputation of a limb or even death. ‘Infection’ was a fearful word for the parents or grandparents of most people reading this article. Today, we take much for granted; the overwhelming majority of infections are cured painlessly with antibiotics, of which penicillin remains the most common. Fleming had accidentally discovered a mould containing Penicillium notatum in 1928. Noting its antibacterial qualities, he tested its effectiveness as an antiseptic in treating open wounds and wrote an article for the British medical journal, the

37. AIM25: Royal Society: Florey, Howard Walter, Baron Florey (1898-1968) Scope and content/abstract Extensive papers of howard walter florey, Baron florey, Oxford University holds his correspondence with lord Cherwell; http://www.aim25.ac.uk/cgi-bin/frames/fulldesc?inst_id=18&coll_id=5981

38. WEHI - Press Release: 12th Of October 2000 The inaugural Faulding florey Medal and Prize was first awarded on the occasionof the centenary of the birth of lord howard walter florey in 1998. http://www.wehi.edu.au/news/press/12oct00.html

WEHI Home Page WEHI Biotech Centre About WEHI News ... Intranet (Staff Only) Search Contact WEHI Contact the Webmaster Local Time @ WEHI: 05:22PM on Thursday, September 15, 2005. Professor Jacques Miller is awarded the Faulding Florey Medal 2000 th October 2000 The Florey Faulding Medal 2000 has been awarded to Professor Jacques Miller for his discovery of the function of the thymus. This discovery has been a landmark in medical research and a breakthrough in our knowledge of the workings of the immune system. It has proved critical to the advancement of our understanding of diseases such as cancer, autoimmune disease and AIDS, as well as processes such as transplant rejection, allergy and viral immunity. Professor Miller is Professor Emeritus at The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and The University of Melbourne. "I doubt whether there is another person living who has made a greater contribution to immunology," said Sir Gustav Nossal. Back to WEHI Press Releases...

39. Howard Walter Florey Biography .ms howard walter florey. Related Links. howard Arnold walter quotes. lord howardwalter florey (September 24, 1898 February 21, 1968) was a pharmacologist http://howard-florey.biography.ms/

Howard Walter Florey Related Links Howard Arnold Walter quotes Lord Howard Walter Florey September 24 February 21 ) was a pharmacologist who shared the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in with Ernst Chain and Sir Alexander Fleming for his role in the extraction of penicillin Born in Adelaide South Australia , Florey was a brilliant student (and junior sportsman) who studied medicine at the University of Adelaide from to . At the university he met Ethel Reed , another medical student who was to become both his wife and his research colleague. A Rhodes Scholar , he continued his studies at Oxford University Magdalen College After periods in the United States and at Cambridge , he returned to Oxford to lead a team of researchers. In , working with Ernst Boris Chain and Norman Heatley , he read Alexander Fleming 's paper discussing the antibacterial effects of Penicillium notatum mould. His research team investigated the large-scale production of the mould and efficient extraction of the active ingredient, succeeding to the point where, by , penicillin production was an industrial process for the Allies in World War II For his work, Florey was elevated to the peerage as "Baron Florey of Adelaide and Marston". This was a higher honour than the knighthood awarded to penicillin's discoverer, Sir Alexander Fleming, and recognised the monumental work Florey did in making penicillin available in sufficient quantities to save millions of lives in the war, despite the doubts of Fleming that this was feasible.

40. Past Achievements Sir Ernst Boris Chain and lord howard walter florey for their pioneering workon penicillin, which was the first widely used antibiotic. http://www.mrc.ac.uk/index/about/about-history/about-past_achievements.htm

History Origins Past Achievements Nobel Laureates Secretaries History Publications Archives ... History : Past Achievements Past Achievements Since it was founded in 1913, MRC has funded work that has led to some of the most significant discoveries and achievements of 20th century medicine. The Early Days The Post-war Years In 1947, the MRC convened a conference to discuss the possible causes of a great increase in deaths from lung cancer. Dr. (later Professor Sir) Richard Doll and Professor (later Sir) Austin Bradford Hill, who worked at the MRC Statistics Unit, began work on the problem and published a preliminary paper in 1950 that suggested a relationship between tobacco smoking and cancer. In a large follow-up study in 1951, 60,000 British doctors were asked about their smoking habits and 40,000 who replied have been monitored ever since to see what illnesses they died of. The first results, published in 1956 showed that the death rate from lung cancer among heavy smokers was some 20 times the rate in non-smokers, providing definitive proof that smoking causes lung cancer. The Modern Age In 1973, Professor Peter Mansfield, of the University of Nottingham Department of Physics, and the U.S. chemist Paul Lauterbur independently devised a way to harness the physical phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to visualise the internal structure of complex objects. Since then, with long-term MRC support, Professor Mansfield has pioneered the clinical application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI techniques have revolutionised neuroscience, physiology, and medical imaging by harmlessly opening windows on the working brain and body to provide exquisitely detailed images of anatomical structure and dynamic processes in living organisms. Today MRI is a multibillion dollar industry; MRI scanning and spectroscopy are routinely used diagnostic imaging technologies in medicine and there are an estimated 10,000 MRI whole body scanners in use worldwide.

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