21. Medicine 1954 john franklin enders, Thomas Huckle Weller, Frederick Chapman Robbins. john franklinenders, Thomas Huckle Weller, Frederick Chapman Robbins http://nobelprize.org/medicine/laureates/1954/

HOME SITE HELP ABOUT SEARCH ... EDUCATIONAL The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1954 "for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue" John Franklin Enders Thomas Huckle Weller Frederick Chapman Robbins 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize USA USA USA Harvard Medical School; Research Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Medical Center Boston, MA, USA Research Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Medical Center Boston, MA, USA Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH, USA b. 1897 d. 1985 b. 1915 b. 1916 d. 2003 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1954 Presentation Speech John F. Enders Biography ... Nobel Lecture The 1954 Prize in: Physics Chemistry Physiology or Medicine Literature ... Peace Find a Laureate: Nobelprize.org Get to know all 770 Prize Winners! » Games and Simulations » SITE FEEDBACK ... TELL A FRIEND Last modified April 14, 2005

22. John Franklin Enders Winner Of The 1954 Nobel Prize In Medicine john franklin enders, a Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology and Medicine, at theNobel Prize Internet Archive. http://almaz.com/nobel/medicine/1954a.html

J OHN F RANKLIN E NDERS 1954 Nobel Laureate in Medicine for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue. Background Residence: U.S.A. Affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Research Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Medical Center, Boston, MA Featured Internet Links Prize co-recipient: Thomas Huckle Weller Prize co-recipient: Frederick Chapman Robbins Search WWW Search The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Nobel News Links Obituary Obituary Editorial Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors John F. Enders - Biography (submitted by Davis Brown) shor info of Enders, John Franklin (submitted by Jackson) John Franklin Enders Biography (submitted by Mike) Back to The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Literature Peace Chemistry ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

23. Index Of Nobel Laureates In Medicine enders, john franklin, 1954. Erlanger, Joseph, 1944. Euler, Ulf Von, 1970.Fibiger, Johannes Andreas Grib, 1926. Finsen, Niels Ryberg, 1903 http://almaz.com/nobel/medicine/alpha.html

ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF NOBEL PRIZE LAUREATES IN PHYSIOLOGY AND MEDICINE Name Year Awarded Adrian, Lord Edgar Douglas Arber, Werner Axel, Richard Axelrod, Julius ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

24. Enders, John Franklin (1897-1985) -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Scientific B enders, john franklin (18971985) enders, Robbins, and Weller shared the 1954Nobel Prize in medicine for their work. Robbins, Sabin, Salk, Weller http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Enders.html

Branch of Science Biologists Nationality American ... Medicine and Physiology Prize Enders, John Franklin (1897-1985) American microbiologist who, with Weller and Robbins , found that viruses could be grown on tissues treated with penicillin to retard bacterial growth. They were able to successfully grow mumps and polio viruses as well. The ability to grow and study polio led to the development of a vaccine by Salk and Sabin . Enders, Robbins , and Weller shared the 1954 Nobel Prize in medicine for their work. Robbins Sabin Salk Weller

25. Enders, John Franklin enders, john franklin. (b. Feb. 10, 1897, West Hartford, Conn., USd. Sept.8, 1985, Waterford, Conn.), American virologist and microbiologist who, http://www.britannica.com/nobel/micro/192_30.html

Enders, John Franklin (b. Feb. 10, 1897, West Hartford, Conn., U.S.d. Sept. 8, 1985, Waterford, Conn.), American virologist and microbiologist who, with Frederick C. Robbins and Thomas H. Weller , was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for 1954 for his part in cultivating the poliomyelitis virus in nonnervous-tissue cultures, a preliminary step to the development of the polio vaccine. Enders was a student of English literature at Harvard University (M.A., 1922) before he turned to bacterial studies there (Ph.D., 1930). His early researches contributed new and basic knowledge to problems of tuberculosis, pneumococcal infections, and resistance to bacterial diseases. In 1929 he joined the Harvard faculty as an assistant in the department of bacteriology and immunology, later advancing to assistant professor (1935) and associate professor (1942) in the university's medical school.

26. Enders, John Franklin --  Britannica Student Encyclopedia enders, john franklin (1897–1985), US bacteriologist. john franklin enders helpeddevelop a method for inoculating tissue for the study of viruses in 1949 http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article?tocId=9311152

27. John Franklin: Definition And Much More From Answers.com franklin , john Hope Born 1915. American historian noted for his studies of enders, john franklin (American bacteriologist), john F. Miller http://www.answers.com/topic/franklin-john-hope

showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Games Health ... More... On this page: Dictionary Encyclopedia WordNet Wikipedia Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping John Franklin Dictionary Franklin John Hope Born 1915. American historian noted for his studies of African-American history, such as From Slavery to Freedom Encyclopedia Franklin, John Hope, 1915–, African-American historian, b. Rentiesville, Okla. Educated at Fiske Univ. and Harvard, he was president of Phi Beta Kappa (1973–76) and the American Historical Association (1978–79). His works, which include From Slavery to Freedom (1947) and Racial Equality in America (1976), have focused on the history of the American South and on the African-American contribution to the development of the United States. He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1995. WordNet Note: click on a word meaning below to see its connections and related words. The noun John Hope Franklin has one meaning: Meaning #1 United States historian noted for studies of Black American history (born in 1915) Synonym: Franklin Wikipedia John Franklin (actor) John Franklin (b.

28. John Franklin Enders enders, john franklin, 1897–1985, American bacteriologist, b. West Hartford,Conn., grad. Yale, 1920, Ph.D. Harvard, 1930. He began teaching at Harvard in http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/people/A0817323.html

Home U.S. People Word Wise ... Homework Center Fact Monster Favorites Hurricane Katrina Children as Authors Children Inventors The Doctor's In ... 2006 TFK Almanac Reference Desk Atlas Almanacs Dictionary Encyclopedia ... Encyclopedia Enders, John Franklin Enders, John Franklin, , American bacteriologist, b. West Hartford, Conn., grad. Yale, 1920, Ph.D. Harvard, 1930. He began teaching at Harvard in 1929, became associate professor in 1942, and joined the research staff of Children's Hospital, Boston. The 1954 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded jointly to Enders, T. H. Weller, and F. C. Robbins for their success in growing polio viruses in cultures of various tissues. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Page Tools: Cite Print See more Encyclopedia articles on: Medicine: Biographies AD AD AD ADS Business Cards Link to Fact Monster Add Fact Monster search ... Privacy Brought to you by: Information Please

29. Scientists: Life Sciences Ehrlich, Paul Eijkman, Christiaan Elion, Gertrude Belle enders, johnfranklin Ehrlich, Paul enders, john franklin Fleming, Sir Alexander http://www.factmonster.com/spot/scibio4.html

Home U.S. People Word Wise ... Homework Center Fact Monster Favorites Hurricane Katrina Children as Authors Children Inventors The Doctor's In ... 2006 TFK Almanac Reference Desk Atlas Almanacs Dictionary Encyclopedia ... Site Map Notable Scientists: Life Sciences Biologists, botanists, geneticists, medical scientists, microbiologists, psychiatrists, psychologists, and zoologists Jump to a category: Biologists Botanists Geneticists Medical Scientists Microbiologists Psychiatrists and Psychologists Zoologists Biologists RELATED LINKS Cloning: Facts and Fallacies Life Science Scientific Classification Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine Search for more scientists and other notable figures Altman, Sidney Baer, Karl Ernst von Bartram, William Bekesy, Georg von ... Wolff, Caspar Friedrich Botanists Bailey, Liberty Hyde Banks, Sir Joseph Bartram, John Bauhin, Gaspard ... Vavilov, Nikolai Ivanovich Geneticists Beadle, George Wells Berg, Paul Bridges, Calvin Blackman Brown, Michael Stuart ... Wilkins, Maurice Hugh Frederick Medical Scientists Abano, Pietro d' Abbe, Robert Abel, John Jacob Addison, Thomas ... Zinsser, Hans Microbiologists Arber, Werner

30. Enders, John Franklin. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 enders, john franklin. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 200105. http://www.bartleby.com/65/en/Enders-J.html

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31. Medicine: Page 1. Index To Biographical Entries. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixt enders, john franklin Erasistratus Erlanger, Joseph Eustachi, Bartolomeo Fabricius, Hieronymus Fallopius Fauchard, Pierre Fibiger, Johannes http://www.bartleby.com/65/cat/bio/medbio1.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia Index to Biographical Entries PREVIOUS ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Medicine Page 1 Abbe, Robert

32. John Franklin Enders enders, john franklin (The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition). enders, johnfranklin (18971985) (The Hutchinson Dictionary of Scientific Biography) http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0817323.html

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33. MSN Encarta - Enders, John Franklin enders, john franklin (18971985), American microbiologist and Nobel laureate,noted for his research in Find more about enders, john franklin from http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761554139/Enders_John_Franklin.html

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Sign In Web Search: Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade your Encarta Experience Search Encarta Subscription Article MSN Encarta Premium: Get this article, plus 60,000 other articles, an interactive atlas, dictionaries, thesaurus, articles from 100 leading magazines, homework tools, daily math help and more for $4.95/month or $29.95/year (plus applicable taxes.) Learn more. This article is exclusively available for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers. Already a subscriber? Sign in above. Enders, John Franklin Enders, John Franklin (1897-1985), American microbiologist and Nobel laureate, noted for his research in culturing viruses, which paved the way for... Related Items polio research Multimedia Selected Web Links John Franklin Enders [Nobel Foundation] 1 item Want more Encarta? Become a subscriber today and gain access to: Daily Math Help Literature Guides Researcher Tools Paper-Writing Guides 60,000 + articles Interactive Atlas Magazine Center Find more about Enders, John Franklin from Related Items Other Features from Encarta Poliomyelitis Search Encarta for Enders, John Franklin

34. Enders, John Franklin enders, john franklin (18971985). US virologist. With Thomas Weller (1915- )and Frederick Robbins (1916- ), he developed a technique for culturing virus http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/E/Enders/1.html

Enders, John Franklin US virologist. With Thomas Weller (1915- ) and Frederick Robbins (1916- ), he developed a technique for culturing virus material in sufficient quantity for experimental work. This led to the creation of effective vaccines against polio and measles. The three were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine 1954. Enders was born in West Hartford, Connecticut. He interrupted his studies at Yale to become a flying instructor during World War I and then took up a business career but left it to study English at Harvard, before changing to medicine. He remained at Harvard Medical School, becoming professor 1962. Viruses cannot be grown, as bacteria can, in nutrient substances, and so a method had been developed for growing them in a living chick embryo. In 1948, Enders and his colleagues prepared a medium of homogenized chick embryo and blood and, adding penicillin to suppress bacteria, managed to grow a mumps virus in it. Previously the polio virus could be grown only in living nerve tissue from primates. But using their method, Enders managed to grow the virus successfully on tissue scraps obtained from stillborn human embryos, and then on other tissue.

35. AllRefer.com - John Franklin Enders (Medicine, Biography) - Encyclopedia AllRefer.com reference and encyclopedia resource provides complete informationon john franklin enders, Medicine, Biographies. http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/E/Enders-J.html

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37. Encyclopedia: John F. Enders Other descriptions of john F. enders. john franklin enders was born in WestHartford, Connecticut February 10, 1887. He attended Yale for a short time http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/John-F.-Enders

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Related Articles People who viewed "John F. Enders" also viewed: George Whipple Yale Paul Ehrlich February 10 ... Interstate 77 What's new? Our next offering Latest newsletter Student area Lesson plans Recent Updates Maharishi Mahesh Yogi Magic Lantern software Magali Febles Mac OS X ... More Recent Articles Top Graphs Richest Most Murderous Most Taxed Most Populous ... More Stats Encyclopedia: John F. Enders Updated 216 days 3 hours 49 minutes ago. Other descriptions of John F. Enders John Franklin Enders was born in West Hartford, Connecticut February 10 . He attended Yale for a short time before entering the United States Air Force in 1918. After returning from war he graduated from Yale, where he was a member of Scroll and Key , and went on to become a businessman in the area of real estate in 1922. He tried his hand at a few different careers before choosing to work in the biological field studying infectious diseases. Enders, Thomas Huckle Weller , and Frederick Chapman Robbins were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1954 "for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue". John Franklin Enders died in 1985.

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39. John Franklin Enders -- Facts, Info, And Encyclopedia Article john franklin enders. Categories Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine winners, john franklin enders (February 10, 1887 – 1985) was an (A native or http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/j/jo/john_franklin_enders.htm

John Franklin Enders [Categories: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine winners, 1985 deaths, 1887 births] John Franklin Enders (A native or inhabitant of the United States) American medical scientist. Enders was born in (Click link for more info and facts about West Hartford, Connecticut) West Hartford, Connecticut . He attended (English philanthropist who made contributions to a college in Connecticut that was renamed in his honor (1649-1721)) Yale for a short time before entering the (The airforce of the United States of America; defends the United States through control and exploitation of air and space) United States Air Force in 1918. After returning from war he graduated from Yale, where he was a member of (Click link for more info and facts about Scroll and Key) Scroll and Key , and went on to become a businessman in the area of real estate in 1922. He tried his hand at a few different careers before choosing to work in the biological field studying infectious diseases. Enders, (Click link for more info and facts about Thomas Huckle Weller) Thomas Huckle Weller , and (Click link for more info and facts about Frederick Chapman Robbins) Frederick Chapman Robbins were awarded the (Click link for more info and facts about Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1954 "for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue". John Franklin Enders died in 1985.

40. Polio Vaccine -- Facts, Info, And Encyclopedia Article Rats were used later, but the breakthrough came in 1948, when (Click link formore info and facts about john franklin enders) john franklin enders, http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/encyclopedia/p/po/polio_vaccine.htm

Polio vaccine [Categories: Vaccines] Two polio vaccines are used throughout the world to combat (An acute viral disease marked by inflammation of nerve cells of the brain stem and spinal cord) polio . The first was invented by (United States virologist who developed the Salk vaccine that is injected against poliomyelitis (born 1914)) Jonas Salk and first tested in 1952 and announced to the world by Salk on April 12, 1955. It consists of an injected dose of killed polio ((virology) ultramicroscopic infectious agent that replicates itself only within cells of living hosts; many are pathogenic; a piece of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) wrapped in a thin coat of protein) virus (United States microbiologist (born in Poland) who developed the Sabin vaccine that is taken orally against poliomyelitis (born 1906)) Albert Sabin produced an oral polio vaccine using live but weakened virus in 1962. (North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776) United States The major disadvantage of the live-virus vaccine is that it can itself cause polio, and does so in about one in 2.4 million recipients. There is no such risk from the killed-virus vaccine. In the

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