41. Rs crutzen, paul J. and Graedel, TE Atmospheric Change An Earth System Perspective.p. 436. Radiocarbon Dating Establishing the relative age of various http://www.shsu.edu/~chemistry/Glossary/rs.html

R Radiation Flux - This is defined as the way heat from the sun is absorbed, scattered, returned, or deposited around the earth and can be expressed as some radiation arrival rate per the unit of area of the surface. The radiation flux can be the total amount of radiation that the earth collects, emits, and disperses. [Oil and Gas Journal ; v.91; pages 45-48; 1993.] [Nature; v.343; pages 251-254; 1990.] Radiative Forcing - Reduction of radiation reflecting from earth per units of increase of a chemical component that causes this change in the atmosphere. The result is often used to compare the relative effect of greenhouse gases which can alter climate on earth. This means that components that are present in the atmosphere at low concentrations (e.g. methane at 1.7 ppmv ) but with high radiative forcing have a greater effect on global warming than higher concentration components with a lower radiative forcing. Radical (free radical) - A highly reactive molecule or atom with an unpaired electron. The species is often represented by a formula with a single dot as the unpaired electron (see immediately below).

42. Lmn Graedel, TE and paul crutzen. Atmospheric Change An Earth System Prospective . (crutzen, paul J. and TE Graedel, Atmospheric Change. http://www.shsu.edu/~chemistry/Glossary/lmn.html

L Lachrymators any substance that causes the eye to tear, redden, and or swell; eye irritant examples include formaldehyde, A-Brombenzyl cyanide, Chloroacetophenone, and Dichlorodimethyl ether [Journal of Forensic Science; v 47; pages 44-51; 2002] [ Journal of Chromatography; v 80 i 2; pages 155-160; 1973] Lapse Rate - The theoretical rate of decrease of temperature with increasing height in the atmosphere. If heat is neither gained nor lost from the air parcel under consideration, then the lapse rate is said to be adiabatic. For air parcels of differing water content this value is different. [Atmospheric Change: An Earth System Perspective, T.E. Graedel and Paul J. Crutzen, W.H. Freeman and Co., New York , 1993, p.431.] Latent Heat - If a change of state occurs from gas to liquid or liquid to solid, internal energy in the form of heat is released. If a change of state occurs from solid to liquid or liquid to gas, heat is required. Different compounds absorb and release different amounts of latent heat. Water releases nearly 600 kilocalories for each kilogram of water condensed. [Journal of Applied Meteorology; v33n4; 477-489; 1994.] [A Field Guide to the Atmosphere; V. Schaefer, J. Day; page 75; 1981; Houghton Mifflin Company; Boston.] [Air, The Nature of Atmosphere and the Climate; Michael Allaby; pages 59,60; 1992; Facts on File; New York.] Lithology - The branch of mineralogy that deals with the study of rocks and their composition. [Oil and Gas Journal; v91n13; 81-84; 1993.] [Dictionary of Science; R.K. Barnhart; page 364; 1986; Houghton Mifflin Company;

43. Encyclopedia: Paul Crutzen Nobel Prize Winning Chemistspaul J. crutzen. The Nobel Prize In Chemistry 1995. paul J. crutzen was born inAmsterdam on December 3, 1933, the son of Anna Gurk and Jozef crutzen. http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Paul-Crutzen

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Related Articles People who viewed "Paul Crutzen" also viewed: Anthropocene Lincoln Park, Chicago What's new? Our next offering Latest newsletter Student area Lesson plans Recent Updates Ananth Panagariya Aluminium Akihito Agusta A109 ... More Recent Articles Top Graphs Richest Most Murderous Most Taxed Most Populous ... More Stats Encyclopedia: Paul Crutzen Updated 213 days 3 hours 33 minutes ago. Other descriptions of Paul Crutzen Paul J. Crutzen (December 3rd, 1933 - ) is a Dutch nobel prize winning atmospheric chemist. He is best known for his research on ozone depletion . He lists his main research interests as Stratospheric and tropospheric chemistry, and their role in the biogeochemical cycles and climate http://www.mpch-mainz.mpg.de/%7Eair/crutzen/interest.html . He currently works at the Dept. of Atmospheric Chemistry at the MPI for Chemistry http://www.atmosphere.mpg.de/enid/2.html , Germany. Awards This is a partial list. See http://www.mpch-mainz.mpg.de/~air/crutzen/vita.html for more.

44. Textbooks And Textbook E. Graedel, Thomas E. and crutzen, paul J., Atmosphere, Climate, and Change, F. Graedel, TE, and crutzen, paul; J., Atmospheric Change An Earth System http://people.uncw.edu/mmoss/textbooks_and_references.htm

Textbooks and References: EVS 205, Global Environmental Issues Textbooks : Must have a copy of both texts. Both are paperback and very reasonably priced. o The Forgiving Air: Understanding Environmental Change by Richard C.J. Somerville, University of California Press, 1998. (Paperback is sufficient.) o Earth Under Siege, From Air Pollution to Global Change , by Richard P Turco (UCLA) References : Parts or specific sections of the following books may be found useful. Numerous charts, tables, cartoons, etc., will be presented during classroom lectures and discussions. The source of such materials will be indicated at the time, and always by a reference letter (A, B, C, . . ., etc.) followed by the author(s) of the book. These references letters will be used in a consistent manner throughout the semester. The reference letters and the references themselves are given below: A. Bryant, Edward, , Cambridge University Press, 1997 B. Keller, Edward A., Introduction to Environmental Geology , Prentice Hall, 1999 C. Bigg, Grant R.

45. [ISI Highly Cited Researchers Version 1.1] Highly Cited Researcher crutzen, paul J. ISI Assigned Category, Geosciences.ISI Indexed Name, crutzen PJ crutzen. ISI Notes http://hcr3.isiknowledge.com/author.cgi?&link1=Browse&link2=Results&id=1113

46. Paul J. Crutzen - The MIT Press The MIT Press online catalog contains descriptions of inprint and out-of-printbooks, current and past journals, online ordering/subscription options, http://mitpress.mit.edu/catalog/author/default.asp?aid=22759

47. Lindau-nobel - Program 2002 (52th Meeting Of Nobel Laureates) crutzen, paul J. The Importance of the Tropics in Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate.Deutschland. 09351005, Prof. Kroto, Sir Harold, Nanoscience and http://www.lindau-nobel.net/content/view/125/89/

www.lindau-nobel.de Meetings of Nobel Laureates in Lindau Start Meetings Programs Program 2002 (52th Meeting of Nobel Laureates) Meetings Start General Information Meetings This years' Meeting Program 2005 Participants 2005 Lectures 2005 Next Meetings Meeting in Chemistry 2006 Meeting in Economic Sciences Past Meetings Programs Participants Lectures Short Reports ... Alumni Program 2002 (52th Meeting of Nobel Laureates) Scientific Program 2002 Time Speaker Theme Country Monday, July 1st 2002 Prof. Zewail, Ahmed Prof. Olah, George A. Prof. Crutzen, Paul J. Prof. Ernst, Richard Prof. Kroto, Sir Harold Chairperson Prof. Bengt Nordén, Göteborg/Schweden What can Chemistry and the Scientific Community contribute in Alfred Nobel's Spirit to the Benefit of Mankind in the 21st Century USA USA Deutschland Schweiz Grossbritannien Tuesday, July 2nd 2002 Prof. Zewail, Ahmed Chemistry and Biology in a New Light. USA Prof. Lehn, Jean-Marie Self-organization of Functional Supramolecular Systems. Frankreich Prof. Ernst, Richard Fourier Transform Methods in Spectroscopy, a Key Towards Insight and Comprehension. Schweiz Prof. Boyer, Paul

48. NOBEL Laureates’ And Eminent Persons’ Lectures At AIT paul J. crutzen was a member of the Expert Advisory Group on Global Change Born in Amsterdam in 1933, paul J. crutzen was trained as civil engineer and http://www.ait.ac.th/NobelLectures/03_crutzen.asp

"The Antarctic Ozone Hole - A Manmade Chemical Instability of the Stratosphere - What Should We Learn from It?" Prof. Paul J. Crutzen was a member of the Expert Advisory Group on "Global Change, Climate and Biodiversity" at the European Commission. He received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1995 for his work in the fields of stratospheric and tropospheric chemistry and their role in the biochemical cycles and climate. He identified biomass burning, especially in the tropics, as an important source of air pollution with important impacts on earth climate and the ozone layer. He also contributed to studies on the environmental consequences of a nuclear war. Born in Amsterdam in 1933, Paul J. Crutzen

49. Nobel Laureates In Chemistry By Alphabetical Order crutzen, paul, 1995. Curie, Marie, 1911. Curl, Robert F., Jr. 1996. Debye, PetrusJosephus Wilhelmus, 1936. De Hevesy, George, 1943 http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Sciences/Chemistry/Aboutchemistry/AlphaNobel

Themes Science Chemistry About Chemistry Generalities Name Year Awarded Alder, Kurt Altman, Sidney Anfinsen, Christian B. Arrhenius, Svante August Aston, Francis William Baeyer, Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf Von Barton, Sir Derek H. R. Berg, Paul Bergius, Friedrich Bosch, Carl Boyer, Paul D. Brown, Herbert C. Buchner, Eduard Butenandt, Adolf Friedrich Johann Calvin, Melvin Cech, Thomas R. Corey, Elias James Cornforth, Sir John Warcup Cram, Donald J. Crutzen, Paul Curie, Marie Curl, Robert F., Jr. Debye, Petrus Josephus Wilhelmus De Hevesy, George Deisenhofer, Johann Diels, Otto Paul Hermann Eigen, Manfred Ernst, Richard R. Euler-chelpin, Hans Karl August Simon Von Fischer, Ernst Otto Fischer, Hans Fischer, Hermann Emil Flory, Paul J. Fukui, Kenichi Giauque, William Francis Gilbert, Walter Grignard, Victor Haber, Fritz Hahn, Otto Harden, Sir Arthur Hassel, Odd Hauptman, Herbert A. Haworth, Sir Walter Norman Heeger, Alan J. Herschbach, Dudley R. Herzberg, Gerhard Heyrovsky, Jaroslav Hinshelwood, Sir Cyril Norman Hodgkin, Dorothy Crowfoot Hoff, Jacobus Henricus Van't

50. Kreyszig, Erwin Graedel, Thomas; crutzen, paul. Scientific American Library NY 1995 ThP C410 Graedel,TE and crutzen, paul J. WHFreeman and Company, USA 1993 NWL C-418 http://kl5.ki.ku.dk/bibliotek/bibliotek.htm

AB Initio Molecular Orbital Calculations for Chemists Richards, W.G.; Horsley, J.A. Clarendon Press, Oxford C-413 Absolute Configuration of Metal Complexes Hawkins, Clifford J. Wiley-Interscience London C-413 Howells, Gwyneth Ellis Howard, London, Nic C-412 Advanced Engineering Mathematics 8 ed. Kreyszig, Erwin John Wiley, USA 1999 SMK C-508 Advanced Molecular Dynamics and Chemical Kinetics Billing,Gert D.; Mikkelsen,Kurt V. New York 1997 MSJ C-512 Advanced Organic Chemistry Fieser, L.F. and Fieser, Mary Reinhold New York 1961 C-413 Advanced Organic Chemistry Reactions, Mechanisms and Structure. March, Jerry John Wiely and Sons, USA 1996 EP C-515 Advanced Quantum Chemistry Hameka, K.F. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. Reading, Massachusetts C-413 Advances in Chemical Physics vol. XXII Prigogine, I. and Rice, Stuart A. Wiley-Interscience London C-413 Advances in Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy Clark, R.J.H. and Hester, R.E., editors Vol. Heyden, Vol. 9 -12, Wiley, C-413 Vol. Wiley, OFN C-406 Advances in Infrared Group Frequencies Bellamy, L.J. Chapman and Hall London C-413 Advances in Magnetic Resonance Waugh, J.S. Ed.

51. Event Details - The International Peace Foundation paul J. crutzen at the Foreign Correspondents Club of Thailand paul J.crutzen with staff members of the International Peace Foundation at http://peace-foundation.net.7host.com/gallery_album.asp?aid=salb_1553882711&iid=

52. Event Details - The International Peace Foundation paul J. crutzen with staff members of the International Peace Foundation at paul J. crutzen at the Foreign Correspondents Club of Thailand http://peace-foundation.net.7host.com/gallery_album.asp?aid=salb_1553882711&iid=

53. GFMC: MPI Fire Ecology And Biomass Burning Research Group - Paul J. Crutzen Between 1980 and 2001 paul J. crutzen was Director of the Atmospheric ChemistryDepartment, MaxPlanck-Institute for Chemistry. As a trained meteorologist http://www.fire.uni-freiburg.de/intro/mpi/crutzen.html

Paul J. Crutze n Publications relevant to fire and fire-related processes Top Back

54. Paul Crutzen - Nobelpreis Für Chemie Translate this page zusammen mit Mario J. Molina und F. Sherwood Rowland ). paul crutzen *1933Forschungen zur Chemie der Ozonschicht. diesen Artikel bearbeiten http://www.nobelpreis.org/chemie/crutzen.html

vor suchen Home Chemie ... Wirtschaft Paul Crutzen * 3. 12. 1933, Amsterdam (Niederlande) "Für ihre Arbeiten im Bereich der Chemie der Atmosphäre" ( zusammen mit Mario J. Molina und F. Sherwood Rowland Forschungen zur Chemie der Ozonschicht diesen Artikel bearbeiten Webmaster Services

55. Paul J. Crutzen THE TITLE OF DOCTOR HONORIS CAUSA TO NOBEL LAUREATE IN CHEMISTRY, PROFESSORpaul J. crutzen. paul J. crutzen. MaxPlanck-Institute, Mainz, Germany http://www.p-ng.si/png/eng/news/nobel2.html-l2

Polytechnic Information Paul J. Crutzen APRIL 9, 2002 - NOVA GORICA POLYTECHNIC AWARDS THE TITLE OF DOCTOR HONORIS CAUSA TO NOBEL LAUREATE IN CHEMISTRY, PROFESSOR PAUL J. CRUTZEN Paul J. Crutzen Max-Planck-Institute, Mainz, Germany shares the 1995 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Prof.Dr. Mario J. Molina and Prof.Dr. F. Sherwood Rowland: "for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone" Links: The Nobel Foundation The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1995 autobiography curriculum vitae Max-Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz ... Address Book Page updated: Tue Apr 16 11:48:37 2002 Comments to: webmaster@p-ng.si Slovenska verzija te strani

56. Freezing Of HNO3/H2SO4/H2O Solutions At Stratospheric Temperatures: Nucleation S Thomas Koop,* Beiping Luo, Uta M. Biermann, paul J. crutzen, and Thomas Peter.Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Postfach 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany http://pubs.acs.org/cgi-bin/sample.cgi/jpcafh/1997/101/i06/html/jp9626531

[Journal Home Page] [Search the Journals] [Table of Contents] [PDF version of this article] ... [Download to Citation Manager] J. Phys. Chem. A Freezing of HNO /H SO /H O Solutions at Stratospheric Temperatures: Nucleation Statistics and Experiments Thomas Koop, Beiping Luo, Uta M. Biermann, Paul J. Crutzen, and Thomas Peter Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Postfach 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany Received: August 30, 1996 Revised November 6, 1996 Abstract: /H O droplets with H SO concentrations below approximately 0.01 wt %. 1. Introduction There is growing observational evidence based on remote sensing and in situ measurements that stratospheric sulfuric acid aerosols may remain liquid to the lowest polar winter temperatures despite a considerable supersaturation ( 30) with respect to the hydrates of sulfuric and nitric acid. The liquid state of the aerosol falsifies the conventional three-stage concept of (1) having frozen H SO /H O aerosol particles at temperatures above 195 K, (2) the formation of nitric acid trihydrate (NAT, HNO

57. PKU NEWS Ceremony Of Awarding Professor Paul Crutzen Honorary Ceremony of Awarding Professor paul crutzen Honorary Professorship of PekingUniversity. PKU NEWS Friday 200504-15 1030 http://ennews.pku.edu.cn/news.php?s=113531973

58. EGS Awards - Honorary Membership - 1997 paul crutzen received his MSc in 1963, his PhD in 1968 and his DSc in 1973 in the Between 1954 1974 paul crutzen was employed variously at a bridge http://www.copernicus.org/EGU/egs/medalists/crutzen97.htm

EGS Honorary Membership 1997 Paul J. Crutzen for his fundamental work in atmospheric chemistry and his pioneering contributions to the understanding of the chemistry of the ozone layer Paul Crutzen received his MSc in 1963, his PhD in 1968 and his DSc in 1973 in the University of Stockholm, Sweden. His main research interest has been atmospheric chemistry and its role in biogeochemical cycles and climate. The list of publications include more than 170 refereed and 50 other research publications, 4 books (co-authored) and 4 books (edited). Between 1954 - 1974 Paul Crutzen was employed variously at a bridge construction bureau in Amsterdam, a house construction bureau in Sweden, a teacher and researcher at the Department of Meteorology, University of Stockholm, Sweden, and a post-doctoral fellow of ESRO at the Clarendon Laboratory of the University of Oxford, UK. From 1974 - 1980 he was a scientist and consultant at NCAR and NOAA, Boulder, USA, successively, and adjunct professor at the Atmospheric Science Department of the Colorado State University, USA. Since 1980 Paul Crutzen has been a member of the German Max-Planck-Society and Director of the Atmospheric Chemistry Division. Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany. Paul Crutzen has served as editor or as member of the editorial board for the EGS journals Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry and

59. 1997 OSBHE Minute Subject Index crutzen, paul (OSU) 53 Gilbert, Barrie (OSU) 54 Hatfield, Mark. OIT 19 UO 51.Human Resources Information System (HRIS) 314. I I I I I Institutes http://www.ous.edu/archives/bdminindex/1997.htm

OREGON STATE BOARD OF HIGHER EDUCATION MINUTES OF REGULAR BOARD MEETINGS SUBJECT INDEX (Note: Page numbers followed by "a" (e.g., "41a") refer to the January 29, 1997, minutes of a special Board meeting.) A...A...A...A...A... Accountability Plan and Performance Indicators 435, 523, 541 Accreditation's (Institutions); OIT, 434; SOU, 433; UO, 433, 537 Adjournment 40a, 51a, 83, 142, 185, 187, 246, 342, 431, 533, 632, 670 Admission policy Transfer students 47 Announcement Board member Lussier 534 Board member Van Patten 41 Board Committees 432 Chancellor Cox's father's death 249 Kirsten Frohnmayer's death 188 Ramaley honored 143 Swanson honored 343 Thompson honored 343 Vice Chancellor J. Owen's death 41 Appointment Stevens, L. 2 Approval of minutes 1, 41, 84, 143, 188, 247, 343, 432, 534, 633 Association of Oregon Faculties (AOF) 535 Audit Internal audit plan 323 Semi-annual audit report 72, 322 B...B...B...B...B... BAS Model review 434 Bernstine welcomed 188 BOARD: Appointments 534 Fee increases, Board concern re: 143

60. English Books > Science > Meteorology Graedel, TE crutzen, paul J. Hardback; Book; ; ISBN 0716723344 Graedel, TEWith crutzen, paul F. Paperback; ; ISBN 0716723328. Atmospheric Chemistry http://book.netstoreusa.com/index/bkbse200.shtml

English Books Sheet Music Musical Supplies US/World Maps ... Science Index of 974 Titles First page Prev Next Last page ... Accuracy of Wind and Wave Forecasts Paperback; ; ISBN: 0717614204 Acid Deposition at High Elevation Sites Hardback; Book; ; ISBN: 9027728356 Acoustic Remote Sensing Applications Hardback; Book; ; ISBN: 8173191107 Acts Of God Watson, Benjamin Hardback; Book; ; ISBN: 0679737944 Adiabatic Invariants in Large-scale Atmospheric Dynamics Kurgansky, Michael V. (Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia Hardback; Book; ; ISBN: 0415284155 Advances In Atmospheric Remote Sensing With Lidar: Selected Papers Of The 18th International Laser Radar Conference (Ilrc), Berlin, 22-26 July 1996 Other Ansmann, Albert Paperback; ; ISBN: 3540618872 Aeronomy of the Middle Atmosphere : Chemistry and Physics of the Stratosphere and Mesosphere Brasseur, Guy Hardback; Book; ; ISBN: 9027723435 Aeronomy of the Middle Atmosphere: C Brasseur, G. Solomon, S. Paperback; ; ISBN: 9027723443 Aerosol Forcing of Climate Hardback; Book;

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