61. Lecture 7 February 2005 Yes, christian anfinsen showed this for Ribonuclease (Profiles in Science).anfinsen, christian B., Edgar Haber, Michael Sela, and FH White Jr. The http://svik.life.smu.edu/6312/Lectures/7Feb.html

7 February 2005 Biol 6312 Protein Folding Pathways of Protein Folding Proteins of a given primary structure seem to fold into a given 3-D structure. 1. Can this outcome be predicted? 2. What is the pathway? The free energy diagram for protein folding is usually drawn something like this 2-state model. N is the folded state and I This diagram implies a single pathway through a transition state, with no side pathways or intermediates (i.e. it is rather simplistic.) 1) Can a protein fold spontaneously to its native state? Yes, Christian Anfinsen showed this for Ribonuclease ( Profiles in Science Anfinsen, Christian B., Edgar Haber, Michael Sela, and F. H. White Jr. "The Kinetics of Formation of Native Ribonuclease During Oxidation of the Reduced Polypeptide Chain." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 47, 9 (15 September 1961): 1309-1314. ( PDF He shared the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1972 How does a protein do this? 2) Does a protein search all possible outcomes to find the final conformation, the one of lowest free energy? No, as was first explained by

62. Nobel Prizes In Molecular Biology anfinsen, christian B., USA, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, b.1916, d. 1995. for his work on ribonuclease, especially concerning the http://home.sandiego.edu/~cloer/molecnobels.html

Selected Nobel Prizes in Molecular Biology Official Nobel Website (San Diego Supercomputing Center mirror) Chemistry 1958 The prize was awarded to: SANGER, FREDERICK, Great Britain, Cambridge University, b. 1918: "for his work on the structure of proteins, especially that of insulin". Nobel e-Museum Link Physiology or Medicine 1958 The prize was divided, one half being awarded jointly to: BEADLE, GEORGE WELLS, U.S.A., California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, b. 1903, d. 1989; and TATUM, EDWARD LAWRIE, U.S.A., Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York, NY, b. 1909, d. 1975: "for their discovery that genes act by regulating definite chemical events"; and the other half to: LEDERBERG, JOSHUA, U.S.A., Wisconsin University, Madison, WI, b. 1925: "for his discoveries concerning genetic recombination and the organization of the genetic material of bacteria". Nobel e-Museum Link Physiology or Medicine 1959 The prize was awarded jointly to: SEVERO OCHOA, U.S.A., New York University, New York; and ARTHUR KORNBERG, U.S.A., Stanford University, Stanford, CA;

63. Protein Folding More than 30 years ago, a chemist named christian B. anfinsen, working at theNational Institutes of Health, proved that a protein s knowledge of how to http://wsrv.clas.virginia.edu/~rjh9u/protfold.html

Deciphering The Message of Life's Assembly Scientists See Promise In Unraveled Proteins David Brown, MD, Washington Post Staff Writer Living organisms put themselves together, all by themselves. No one reads the instructions and tucks tab A into slot B. But getting into the right shape can't happen just by chance. So where are the directions? And how do living things follow them? These questions echo through all of biology: in the transformation of embryo to infant; in the complexity of organs; in the design of a single cell. The mystery of "self-assembly" extends all the way to the inanimate building materials of life the proteins. Proteins hundreds of thousands of different ones are the biochemical molecules that make up cells, organs and organisms. Like the larger structures, proteins also put themselves together, in a process termed "folding." How they do that is called "the protein-folding problem," and it may be the most important unanswered question in the life sciences. First posed in 1935, it has been the undeciphered message, the unsolved equation, the unassembled jigsaw puzzle for three generations of scientists. "At the interface between chemistry and biology, this is the major problem," said Frederic M. Richards, a chemist at Yale University who has been working on the problem for decades.

64. MSN Encarta - Anfinsen, Christian B. Translate this page anfinsen, christian B. (Monessen, Pennsylvania 1916 - Washington 1995), biochimicostatunitense. Trova altre informazioni su anfinsen, christian B. http://it.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761583098/Anfinsen_Christian_B.html

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Migliora la tua esperienza con Encarta Cerca in Encarta Articolo riservato agli iscritti MSN Encarta Premium: Puoi consultare questo e altri 30.000 articoli, un atlante interattivo, un dizionario bilingue e altre risorse, effettuando l'iscrizione a MSN Encarta Premium per €29,95 all'anno. Per saperne di pi¹. L'articolo ¨ disponibile solo per gli utenti iscritti a MSN Encarta Premium. Gi  iscritto? Per accedere fare clic sul pulsante Accedi in alto a destra. Anfinsen, Christian B. Anfinsen, Christian B. (Monessen, Pennsylvania 1916 - Washington 1995), biochimico statunitense. Svolse importanti ricerche sulla relazione che esiste... Multimedia Vuoi altri contenuti di Encarta? Iscriviti subito e avrai a tua disposizione: Pi¹ di 30.000 articoli Atlante dinamico Dizionario bilingue Approfondimenti Bibliografie Web Center Trova altre informazioni su Anfinsen, Christian B. Altre risorse di Encarta Cerca in Encarta Anfinsen, Christian B. © 2005 Microsoft Informativa sulla privacy di MSN Condizioni per l'utilizzo Pubblicit  Guida

65. ReadingList < IBG < TWiki anfinsen, christian B. Principles that Govern the Folding of Protein Chains ,Science, Vol 181(96), 22330, July 20 (1973). Fersht, Alan. http://gridweb.cti.depaul.edu/twiki/bin/view/IBG/ReadingList

Skip to topic Skip to bottom Jump: IBG Login or Register Welcome, Guest! Site Map About the IBG Research Areas Current Projects Publications ... People Administrative Reading List Paper Calls Tutorial Meeting Minutes ... System Access IBG Web IBG Web Home Changes Index Notifications ... Search Twiki Webs IBG Main Sandbox TWiki ... Printable IBG.ReadingList r1.28 - 15 Aug 2005 - 23:03 - EricPuryear topic end Skip to actions Illinois Bio-Grid DePaul Bioinformatics Group IBG Reading List Illinois Bio-Grid DePaul Bioinformatics Group IBG Reading List Free Journals: ... Paper Reviews: This page is a list of papers, books, and other material that are useful for computer scientists to read for several different areas of bioinformatics and grids. This list was compiled mainly for the student researchers in the Illinois Bio-Grid ( http://www.illinoigbiogrid.org ), but may be useful to others. For more information, contact Dave Angulo at dangulo@cti.depaul.edu Materials in bold are "Must Read" materials. "Must Read" does not mean front to back reading but rather these readings are important and you will want to be aware of what information they contain. Also, if you are involved with a project under a specific topic, it is benficial to read most of the "Must Read" material under that topic.

66. ReadingList < IBG < TWiki anfinsen, christian B., Studies on the Principles that Govern the Folding ofProtein Chains , Nobel Lecture, December 11 (1972), from Nobel Lectures, http://gridweb.cti.depaul.edu/twiki/bin/view/IBG/ReadingList?raw=on

67. Alibris: John W Adams by Adams, Michael WW, and anfinsen, christian B (Editor), and Edsall, JohnT (Editor) Praise for the Series The authority, originality, and editing of the http://www.alibris.com/search/books/author/Adams, John W

You'll find it at Alibris! Log in here Over 50 million used, new and out-of-print books! CART ACCOUNT WISHLIST HELP ... SEARCH search in Books Music: All CD Vinyl Movies: All DVD VHS by title / ISBN by author / artist by subject / genre my email address unsubscribe here your shopping cart order status wish list ... help browse BOOKS Your search: Books Author: Adams, John W (22 matching titles) Narrow your results by: Hardcover Softcover First edition With dustjacket ... Eligible for FREE shipping Narrow results by title Narrow results by author Narrow results by subject Narrow results by keyword Narrow results by publisher or refine further Sometimes it pays off to expand your search to view all available copies of books matching your search terms. Page of 1 sort results by Top-Selling Used Price New Price Title Author Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease more books like this by Adams, Harold P., and Hachinski, Vladimir C., and Norris, John W. see all copies from new only from first editions SVS You and Your Hearing-Impaired Child: A Self-Instructional Guide for Parents more books like this by Adams, John W The sections on behavior management are particularly important for the child with impaired hearing. Hearing Rehabilitation Quarterly It will be invaluable to the parents of children with newly diagnosed hearing loss. Ear and Hearing You and Your Hearing-Impaired Child is a guide for parents Of deaf or hard of hearing children that explores...

68. John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation 1957 Fellows Page christian B. anfinsen, Jr., Deceased. Biology 1957. Diogenes James Angelakos,Deceased. Engineering 1957. Dominick Argento, Composer; Regents Professor http://www.gf.org/57fellow.html

Foundation Program Areas United States and Canada Latin America and the Caribbean listing by year all lists ... home page 1957 U.S. and Canadian Fellows top of page Meyer H. Abrams , Class of 1916 Professor Emeritus of English, Cornell University: 1957, 1960. Darrell Arlynn Amyx Deceased . Classics: 1957, 1973. George Anastos , Professor Emeritus of Zoology, University of Maryland: 1957. Christian B. Anfinsen, Jr. Deceased . Biology: 1957. Diogenes James Angelakos Deceased . Engineering: 1957. Dominick Argento , Composer; Regents' Professor Emeritus of Music, University of Minnesota: 1957, 1964. Flora Anne Armitage Deceased . Biography: 1957. Karl John Richard Arndt Deceased . Biography: 1957. Magda B. Arnold , Professor Emeritus of Psychology, Loyola University, Chicago; Professor Emeritus of Psychology, Spring Hill College: 1957. Arnold B. Arons , Professor Emeritus of Physics, University of Washington: 1957. Enrique Balech William Barnett , Painter; Member of the Faculty, Philadelphia College of Art: 1957. Gordon M. Barrow , Chemist, Victoria, Canada: 1957.

69. Meta Subject Index To Government Information, Amana - Arson anfinsen, christian B. (1), Infomine Scholarly Internet Resource Collections.Anglican Church, National Library of Canada http://www.isu.edu/library/docs/subjects/a2.htm

Return to: Subject Index How to Use Index Description List of Institutions Meta-Subject Index to Government Information (Subjects AMANA - ARSON) Subject URL for Subject Pages AMANA (IOWA) DESCRIPTION AND TRAVEL (1) Infomine: Scholarly Internet Resource Collections AMANA SOCIETY (1) Infomine: Scholarly Internet Resource Collections AMBASSADORS UNITED STATES REGISTERS (1) Infomine: Scholarly Internet Resource Collections AMBIENT MONITORING TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION CENTER (U.S.) (1) Infomine: Scholarly Internet Resource Collections Ambulance service National Library of Canada AMBULATORY CARE UNITED STATES STATISTICS (3) Infomine: Scholarly Internet Resource Collections AMBULATORY MEDICAL CARE UNITED STATES STATISTICS (3) Infomine: Scholarly Internet Resource Collections AMBULATORY MEDICAL CARE UTILIZATION UNITED STATES STATISTICS (1) Infomine: Scholarly Internet Resource Collections AMERICA ANTIQUITIES BIBLIOGRAPHY (1) Infomine: Scholarly Internet Resource Collections AMERICA COMMERCIAL POLICY (2) Infomine: Scholarly Internet Resource Collections AMERICA COUNTRIES (1) Infomine: Scholarly Internet Resource Collections AMERICA DEMOCRACY (1) Infomine: Scholarly Internet Resource Collections AMERICA DISCOVERY AND EXPLORATION MAPS (1) Infomine: Scholarly Internet Resource Collections AMERICA DISCOVERY AND EXPLORATION SPANISH EXHIBITIONS (1) Infomine: Scholarly Internet Resource Collections AMERICA DISCOVERY AND EXPLORATION (1) Infomine: Scholarly Internet Resource Collections AMERICA ECONOMIC INTEGRATION (2)

70. English Books > Diet/Health/Fitness > General anfinsen, christian B. Edsall, John T. Hardback; Book; ; ISBN 0120342472 anfinsen, christian B. Haber, Edgar Hardback; Book; ; ISBN 0120342499 http://book.netstoreusa.com/index/bkbha000.shtml

English Books German Books Spanish Books Sheet Music ... Diet/Health/Fitness Index of 1250 Titles First page Prev Next Last page ... A.C.B. Computer Aided Learning: Protein Cases Banks, Rosamonde Oliveira, David Patmore, Jane CD-ROM; ; ISBN: 1899938036 Abc De La Belleza Femenina Gonzalez, Rosa Hardcover; Spanish; ISBN: 8478802789 ABC Proteins from Bacteria to Man Hardback; Book; ; ISBN: 0123525519 Abstinence In Action: Food Planning For Compulsive Eaters Mcfarland, Barbara With Erb, Ann M. Paperback; ; ISBN: 0894865382 Aceite De Onagra Mohnert, Hermann Hardcover; Spanish; ISBN: 8441408319 Aceites Esenciales Dodt, Colleen Hardcover; Spanish; ISBN: 9502407601 Aceites Esenciales - Guia Completa Del Uso Lawless, Julia Hardcover; Spanish; ISBN: 8430586644 Aceites Para Todos Ege, Monique Hardcover; Spanish; ISBN: 8430587454 Actin Sheterline, Peter (Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Liverpool) Clayton, Jon Sparrow, John C. Paperback; ; ISBN: 0198504632 Acupuncture Demystified: A Guide To The Ancient Healing Art Smith, S. Emett Paperback;

71. Aeschylus's Agamemnon anfinsen, christian B. “Studies on the Principles that Govern the Folding ofProtein Chains” Nobel Lecture 1972. × Bolm C., Bienewald F., http://www.chem.wisc.edu/areas/organic/studsemin/derda/derda-ref.htm

References: Anfinsen, Christian B. “Studies on the Principles that Govern the Folding of Protein Chains” Nobel Lecture Bolm C., Bienewald F., Seger A. ”Asymmetric Autocatalysis and Amplification of Chirality” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Chen J., Körner S., Craig S.L., Rudkevich D.M., Rebek J.Jr. “Chemical Amplification with Encapsulated Reagents” Proc. Natl. Ac. Sci. U.S.A. Cram, Donald J. “The Design of Molecular Hosts, Guests, and Their Complexes” Nobel Lecture Cuthbertson K.S.R., Cobbold P.H. “ Ester and Sperm Activate Mouse Oocytes by Inducing Sustained Oscillations in Cell Ca-2+ Nature Dale J.K., Maroto M., Dequeant M.-L., Malapert P., McGrew M., Pourquie O. “Periodic Notch Inhibition by Lunatic fringe Underlines the Chick Segmentation Clock” Nature De Koninck P., Schulman H. “Sensitivity of CaM-kinase II to Frequency of Ca2+ oscillations” Science Dewel G., Kondepudi D., Prigogine I. in “The New Chemistry” (ed. N. Hall) p. 440-464 (Cambridge University Press, 2000). Dolmetsch R.E., Xu K., Lewis R. “Calcium oscillations Increase the Efficiency and Specificity of Gene Expression” Nature Feringa B.L., van Delden R.A. “Absolute Asymmetric Synthesis”

72. Nobel Prizes Alder, Kurt Altman, Sidney anfinsen, christian Boehmer Arrhenius, Svante AugustAston, Francis William B Back to top von Baeyer, Johann Friedrich Wilhelm http://hilltop.bradley.edu/~rbg/Nobel.html

HOME PAGE General/Physical Chemistry since 1800 Organic/biochemistry since 1800. Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1901-2003 NOBEL INDEXES: Names Topics Choose a year: Recipients YEAR Subject Jacobus Henricus van't Hoff Laws of chemical dynamics and of osmotic pressure. Emil Hermann Fischer Sugar and purine synthesis Svante August Arrhenius Theory of electrolytic dissociation William Ramsay Discovery of Noble Gases and their placement in the Periodic Table Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer Organic dyes and hydroaromatic compounds Investigation and isolation of the element fluorine and for the electric furnace which bears his name Eduard Buchner Biochemical research: cell-free fermentation Ernest Rutherford Disintegration of elements; chemistry of radioactive substances Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald Catalysis; fundamental principles of chemical equilibria and rates of reaction Otto Wallach Alicyclic compounds Marie Sklodowska Curie Discovery of radium and polonium; isolation of radium and study of its compounds

73. Entrez PubMed christian B. anfinsen (191695). Richards FM. Publication Types Biography HistoricalArticle MeSH Terms Chemistry/history History of Medicine, 20th Cent. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7

74. Entrez PubMed christian B. anfinsen 19161995. Schechter AN. Laboratory of Chemical Biology,NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA 20892. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7

75. M.-Christina White :: CV Research advisor Professor christian B. anfinsen. Development of a biodegradationprotocol using hyperthermophilic bacteria. 19881992 http://www.chem.harvard.edu/groups/white/cv.htm

M.-Christina White Work: Harvard University 12 Oxford Street Cambridge, MA 02138 Tel: (617) 496-0750 email: white@chemistry.harvard.edu Home: 1 Dana Street Cambridge, MA 02138 Personal: Name: Maria-Christina White Born: April 27, 1971. Athens, Greece. Citizenship: USA Marital Status: Married. No children. Research Interests The discovery of new transition metal-mediated reactions that address unsolved problems in synthetic methodology. The development of these reactions into efficient, selective catalytic methods that will find widespread use in organic synthesis. Education National Institutes of Health Postdoctoral Fellow Harvard University, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge , Massachusetts

76. COMMENCEMENT FILES: INDEX SAMUEL H. ADDRESS (COMMENCEMENT 1867) 1 56 anfinsen, christian B. HONORARYDEGREE CITATION 10 25 anfinsen, christian B. -PHOTO 10 26 ANTI-WAR http://www.library.georgetown.edu/dept/speccoll/index/i87}1.htm

SPECIAL COLLECTIONS HOME PAGE GO TO COLLECTION DETAIL GO TO FOLDER LIST GO TO BOTTOM OF SEGMENT INDEX TO COMMENCEMENT FILES ABDELLAH, FAYE G. -HONORARY DEGREE CITATION 15 11 ABELL, ENOCH B. ADDRESS 2 1 ABELL, WALTER R. ADDRESS 1 58 ABELL, WILLIAM S. -MEDAL OF MERIT CITATION 9 5 ... SPECIAL COLLECTIONS HOME PAGE

77. MAIN INDEX anfinsen, christian B. HONORARY DEGREE CITATION Commencement Files anfinsen,christian B. -PHOTO Commencement Files ANGARI, IBRAHIM IBN ABD ALLAH http://www.library.georgetown.edu/dept/speccoll/mi/mi}73.htm

GO TO SPECIAL COLLECTIONS HOME PAGE RETURN TO INDEX KEY LIST GO TO BOTTOM OF SEGMENT GO TO PREVIOUS SEGMENT ... ANDREWS (PUB.) - SONG SHEET: "BANKS OF THE OLD MOHAWK" - N.D. American Song Sheet Collection ANDREWS (PUB.) - SONG SHEET: "BARD'S LEGACY, THE" - N.D. American Song Sheet Collection ANDREWS (PUB.) - SONG SHEET: "BLOW, GENTLE GALES." - N.D. American Song Sheet Collection ANDREWS (PUB.) - SONG SHEET: "DUMB SCOLD, THE" - N.D. American Song Sheet Collection ANDREWS (PUB.) - SONG SHEET: "GREAT PRIZE FIGHT, THE." N.D. American Song Sheet Collection ANDREWS (PUB.) - SONG SHEET: "GREEN BUSHES, THE." - N.D. American Song Sheet Collection ANDREWS (PUB.) - SONG SHEET: "I'LL TOUCH MY HARP." - N.D. American Song Sheet Collection ANDREWS (PUB.) - SONG SHEET: "IRISH STRANGER, THE." American Song Sheet Collection ANDREWS (PUB.) - SONG SHEET: "IVY GREEN, THE." - N.D. American Song Sheet Collection ANDREWS (PUB.) - SONG SHEET: "JENNY LANE." - N.D. American Song Sheet Collection ANDREWS (PUB.) - SONG SHEET: "JOLLY OLD CROW, THE." - N.D. American Song Sheet Collection ANDREWS (PUB.) - SONG SHEET: "LOVELY DOLLY DAY." - N.D.

78. Israel - Episódios Do Povo Judeu Translate this page anfinsen, christian B. EUA. Química. 1972. Stein, William H. EUA. Química. 1962.Perutz, Max F. Áustria. Química. 1961. Calvin, Melvin http://www.infoisrael.info/diversos/diversos02.htm

79. Nobel Laureates Affiliated With The Rockefeller University an enzyme that breaks down ribonucleic acid (RNA), with christian B. anfinsen.Albert Claude, christian de Duve, and George E. Palade (1974), http://www.rockefeller.edu/nobel.html

Nobel Laureates Affiliated with The Rockefeller University Alexis Carrel (1912) , Physiology or Medicine For his work in suturing blood vessels and in the transplantation of organs. Karl Landsteiner (1930) , Physiology or Medicine For classification of blood groups. Herbert S. Gasser (1944) , Physiology or Medicine For his studies with Joseph Erlanger on the electrophysiology of nerves. John H. Northrop and Wendell M. Stanley (1946) , Chemistry For their work with James B. Sumner on the purification and crystallization of enzymes. Fritz Lipmann (1953) , Physiology or Medicine For his discovery of coenzyme A and his studies of intermediary metabolism, with Hans Krebs. Edward L. Tatum (1958) , Physiology or Medicine For discovery that genes act by regulating specific chemical processes, with George Beadle. Joshua Lederberg (1958) , Physiology or Medicine For his work on the organization of genetic material in bacteria. Peyton Rous (1966) , Physiology or Medicine For establishing a virus as the cause of chicken sarcoma, with Charles B. Huggins. H. Keffer Hartline (1967)

80. The Rockefeller University - Nobel Prize out for the first time the chemical structure of pancreatic ribonuclease, anenzyme that breaks down ribonucleic acid (RNA), with christian B. anfinsen. http://www.rockefeller.edu/awards/nobel/

Searchable Calendar Featured Events Peggy Rockefeller Concerts Join Our Mailing List Facility Rental Contact Events Staff The RU Scientist BenchMarks Science in a Byte Nobel Prize Albert Lasker Award National Medal of Science National Academy of Sciences Institute of Medicine Gairdner Foundation International Award Print Production Services Full Service Copying Business Stationery Logos and Templates Graphic Standards Thursday, September 15, 2005 Calendar Directory Jobs Site Map ... Office of Communications and Public Affairs University Quick Links Research News Events Academics Hospital Resource Centers Giving Departments About Newswire For Journalists Multimedia About the University ... Printer-Friendly Version Since the institution's founding in 1901, 23 Nobel Prize winners have been associated with the university. Of these, two are Rockefeller graduates (Edelman and Baltimore) and eight laureates are current members of the Rockefeller faculty ( Blobel , de Duve, Greengard Lederberg MacKinnon Merrifield ... Nurse and Wiesel). Award Recipients 2003 Roderick MacKinnon Chemistry ... for structural and mechanistic studies of ion channels, with Peter Agre

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