81. Search.cpan.org: Math::Big - Routines (cos,sin,primes,hailstone,euler,fibbonaci use MathBigInt constant; use MathBig qw/base/; print base ( 2 ** 150 + 42,2);. This will print 150 and 42. to_base(). $string = to_base($number,$base); http://search.cpan.org/perldoc/Math::Big

Home Authors Recent News ... Feedback in All Modules Distributions Authors Tels Math-Big-1.11 > Math::Big Module Version: 1.11 Source Download: math/Math-Big-1.11.tar.gz NAME SYNOPSIS REQUIRES ... AUTHOR NAME SYNOPSIS REQUIRES perl5.005, Exporter, Math::BigInt, Math::BigFloat EXPORTS Exports nothing on default, but can export bernoulli euler sin cos tan cosh sinh arctan arcsin arcsinh pi log and factorial DESCRIPTION This module contains some routines that may come in handy when you want to do some math with really, really big (or small) numbers. These are primarily examples. METHODS @primes = primes($n); $primes = primes($n); Calculates all the primes below N and returns them as array. In scalar context returns the number of primes below N. This uses an optimized version of the Sieve of Eratosthenes , which takes half of the time and half of the space, but is still O(N). Or in other words, quite slow. @fib = fibonacci($n); $fib = fibonacci($n); Calculates the first N fibonacci numbers and returns them as array. In scalar context returns the Nth number of the Fibonacci series. @hail = hailstone($n); # sequence $hail = hailstone($n); # length of sequence

82. International Journal Of Mathematics And Mathematical Sciences 11 M. Matsumoto, Randers spaces of constant curvature, Rep. math. Phys. 28 (1989), no. 2, 249–261. CrossRef. mathSciNet. Zentralblatt für mathematik. http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijmms/volume-2003/S0161171203111301.html

Home About this Journal MS Tracking System Author Index ... Contents IJMMS 2003:18 (2003) 1155-1165. DOI: 10.1155/S0161171203111301 RANDERS MANIFOLDS OF POSITIVE CONSTANT CURVATURE AUREL BEJANCU and HANI REDA FARRAN Received 7 November 2001 We prove that any simply connected and complete Riemannian manifold, on which a Randers metric of positive constant flag curvature exists, must be diffeomorphic to an odd-dimensional sphere, provided a certain 1-form vanishes on it. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 53C60, 53C25. The following files are available for this article: Full-Text PDF for institutional subscribers REFERENCES [1] H. Akbar-Zadeh, On Finsler spaces with constant sectional curvature , Acad. Roy. Belg. Bull. Cl. Sci. (5) MathSciNet [2] P. L. Antonelli, R. S. Ingarden, and M. Matsumoto, The Theory of Sprays and Finsler Spaces with Applications in Physics and Biology , Fundamental Theories of Physics, vol. 58, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1993. MathSciNet [3] D. Bao, S.-S. Chern, and Z. Shen, An Introduction to Riemann-Finsler Geometry , Graduate Texts in Mathematics, vol. 200, Springer-Verlag, New York, 2000.

83. MathFiction: Tigor (aka The Snowflake Constant) (Peter Stephan Jungk) Professor Giacopo Tigor s idea of a snowflake constant seems to be something which he came up with arbitrarily, and rather than attempting to mathematically http://math.cofc.edu/faculty/kasman/MATHFICT/mfview.php?callnumber=mf449

84. 5.7 Math -- Mathematical Functions e The mathematical constant e. Note The math module consists mostly of thin wrappers around the platform C math library functions. http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-math.html

Python Library Reference Previous: 5.6.7 Recipes Up: 5. Miscellaneous Services Next: 5.8 cmath math Mathematical functions This module is always available. It provides access to the mathematical functions defined by the C standard. These functions cannot be used with complex numbers; use the functions of the same name from the cmath module if you require support for complex numbers. The distinction between functions which support complex numbers and those which don't is made since most users do not want to learn quite as much mathematics as required to understand complex numbers. Receiving an exception instead of a complex result allows earlier detection of the unexpected complex number used as a parameter, so that the programmer can determine how and why it was generated in the first place. The following functions are provided by this module. Except when explicitly noted otherwise, all return values are floats. Number-theoretic and representation functions: ceil x Return the ceiling of x as a float, the smallest integer value greater than or equal to

85. Standards/64173: C99 Requires Some Macros To Be Constant Expressions standards/64173 C99 requires some math.h macros to be constant expressions. Stefan Farfeleder stefan at fafoe.narf.at Fri Mar 12 105021 PST 2004 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-standards/2004-March/000467.html

Stefan Farfeleder stefan at fafoe.narf.at Fri Mar 12 10:50:21 PST 2004 Previous message: standards/56906: Several math(3) functions fail to set errno on a domain error Next message: Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ] Number: 64173 Category: standards Confidential: no Severity: non-critical Priority: low Responsible: freebsd-standards State: open Quarter: Keywords: Date-Required: Class: sw-bug Submitter-Id: current-users Arrival-Date: Fri Mar 12 10:50:20 PST 2004 Closed-Date: Last-Modified: Originator: Stefan Farfeleder Release: FreeBSD 5.2-CURRENT i386 Organization: Environment: System: FreeBSD wombat.fafoe.narf.at 5.2-CURRENT FreeBSD 5.2-CURRENT #16: Tue Mar 2 19:09:53 CET 2004 stefan at wombat.fafoe.narf.at Description: How-To-Repeat: Fix: Release-Note: Audit-Trail: Unformatted: Previous message: standards/56906: Several math(3) functions fail to set errno on a domain error Next message: Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ] ... More information about the freebsd-standards mailing list

86. Standards/64173: C99 Requires Some Macros To Be Constant Expressions Synopsis C99 requires some math.h macros to be constant expressions ResponsibleChanged-From-To freebsd-standards- stefanf Responsible-Changed-By http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-standards/2004-May/000568.html

Stefan Farfeleder stefanf at FreeBSD.org Thu May 6 06:39:43 PDT 2004 Previous message: Current problem reports assigned to you Next message: Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ] ... http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=64173 Previous message: Current problem reports assigned to you Next message: Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ] ... More information about the freebsd-standards mailing list

87. Feigenbaum's Universal Constant FEIGENBAUM S UNIVERSAL constant Last updated 191197. Send comments to berland(a)stud.math.ntnu.no © 1997 Back to homepage. http://www.stud.ntnu.no/~berland/math/feigenbaum/feigconstant.html

F EIGENBAUM'S UNIVERSAL CONSTANT Back to main page Back to homepage Send comment The short answer: However, noone should be satisfied by that. In fact, this number is perhaps the most fantastic aspect of this fractal. There are many many formulas that produce the same tree, but the number is always the same. It is said that mr. Mitchell Feigenbaum called home to his mother when he discovered this universality and said this was going to make him famous. The famous value, comes when you compare the length of one part of the tree, that is a parts between the line divisions/bifurcations. See illustration at right. The first part is from -0.25 to 0.75, and has a length of 1.00. The next part is from 0.75 to 1.25, and has a length of 0.50. The relationship between the two lengths is 1.00/0.50=2.00. Now that is far from the Feigenbaumvalue, but the exact value springs up when you compare two parts as far right as possible, as long as x follows a periodic orbit. I have graphically found the values for the first 6 bifurcations: Bifurc no. Divides at Length This length/next length -0.25 - - 1 0.75 L1=1.0 L1/L2=2.0 2 1.25 L2=0.5 L2/L3=4.25 3 1.3677 L3=0.1147 L3/L4=4.492 4 1.3939 L4=0.0262 L4/L5=4.6208 5 1.39957 L5=0.00567 L5/L6=4.536 6 1.40082 L6=0.00125 L6/L7=?

88. Astronomy And Numerical Software Source Codes It prevents folding of floating point constant expressions. This version of the patch is Cephes C and C++ language special functions math library http://www.moshier.net/

Astronomy and numerical software source codes Astronomy Programs Cephes Mathematical Library Hexadecimal floating constants in C Language Complex Variables in C Language ... The Rubidium PC Mirrors This site has a European mirror at http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/www.moshier.net/. Please try that if you experience slow downloading speed. Also, for Cephes files you can try one of the Netlib mirrors listed at http://www.netlib.org/bib/mirrors.html. Ephemerides aa200c.zip : JPL ephemeris reader; size 300 KB. AA200 reads astronomical ephemerides, in the data format produced by Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and reduces the barycentric coordinates to printouts of geocentric and topocentric place. Specific configurations for the DE406 CD-ROM from Willmann-Bell, DE406, DE405, DE404, DE403, DE400, DE245, DE200, DE102, and DE118I.ZIP ephemerides are supplied. The ephemeris data files themselves are not supplied; get them from Willmann-Bell or from JPL's ftp site. Answers for DE200 from this program should agree with Astronomical Almanac tabulations from about 1984 onward. Additionally, the program can reduce star catalogue positions given in either the FK4 or FK5 system. It can also find positions from heliocentric orbital elements. Source code listings in C language are supplied with MSDOS (Microsoft and Borland compilers) and Unix make files. The archive includes an MSDOS executable program configured for the new Willmann-Bell CD ROM. Latest update 2005-02-26. Previous version aa200b.zip

89. Constant Mean Curvature Surfaces With Planar Boundary, Rafael López, Sebastián Zentralblattmath 0181.38003. Se2 J. Serrin, On surfaces of constant mean curvature which span a given space curve. , math. Z. 112 (1969), 77–88. http://projecteuclid.org/Dienst/UI/1.0/Display/euclid.dmj/1077243443

Current Issue Past Issues Search this Journal Editorial Board ... Viewing Abstracts with MathML and Constant mean curvature surfaces with planar boundary Source: Duke Math. J. Primary Subjects: Full-text: Access denied (no subscription detected) Access to Duke Mathematical Journal is available by subscription only. Please select one of the following options; or to exit this window, click your browser's back button. I am affiliated with an institution and would like to recommend DMJ to my library for subscription I would like to purchase this specific document for $25. Please click the "buy article" button below. Euclid Identifier: euclid.dmj/1077243443 Mathmatical Reviews number (MathSciNet): Zentralblatt Math Identifier: Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1215/S0012-7094-96-08522-1 To Table of Contents for this Issue References [Ab] U. Abresch, Constant mean curvature tori in terms of elliptic functions , J. Reine Angew. Math. Mathematical Reviews: Zentralblatt-MATH: [Al] A. D. Alexandrov, Uniqueness theorems for surfaces in the large , V. Vestnik Leningrad Univ.

90. Scattering Theory For -particle Systems In Constant Magnetic Fields, C. Gérard, S. Graffi, Lecture Notes in math., vol. 1159, Springer, Berlin, 1985, pp. L2 I. Laba, Scattering for hydrogenlike systems in a constant magnetic http://projecteuclid.org/Dienst/UI/1.0/Display/euclid.dmj/1077286970

Current Issue Past Issues Search this Journal Editorial Board ... Viewing Abstracts with MathML and Scattering theory for $N$-particle systems in constant magnetic fields Source: Duke Math. J. Primary Subjects: Seconday Subjects: Full-text: Access denied (no subscription detected) Access to Duke Mathematical Journal is available by subscription only. Please select one of the following options; or to exit this window, click your browser's back button. I am affiliated with an institution and would like to recommend DMJ to my library for subscription I would like to purchase this specific document for $25. Please click the "buy article" button below. Euclid Identifier: euclid.dmj/1077286970 Mathmatical Reviews number (MathSciNet): Zentralblatt Math Identifier: Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1215/S0012-7094-94-07615-1 To Table of Contents for this Issue References [Ag] S. Agmon, , Mathematical Notes, vol. 29, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 1982. Mathematical Reviews: Zentralblatt-MATH: [AHS1] J. Avron, I. Herbst, and B. Simon

91. Encyclopedia: Mathematical Constant mathematics, often abbreviated maths in Commonwealth English and math in American In mathematics Lévys constant (sometimes known as the KhinchinLévy http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Mathematical-constant

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Related Articles People who viewed "Mathematical constant" also viewed: Number Algebraic number Mathematic Surreal number ... Natural logarithm What's new? Our next offering Latest newsletter Student area Lesson plans Recent Updates XoloX World Financial Group Woodruff Electric Cooperative Woodbridge, Ontario ... More Recent Articles Top Graphs Richest Most Murderous Most Taxed Most Populous ... More Stats Encyclopedia: Mathematical constant Updated 34 days 7 hours 57 minutes ago. Other descriptions of Mathematical constant A mathematical constant is a quantity, usually a real number or a complex number , that arises naturally in mathematics and does not change. Unlike physical constants , mathematical constants are defined independently of any physical measurement. In mathematics, the complex numbers are an extension of the real numbers by the inclusion of the imaginary unit i, satisfying . ... Main article: History of mathematics The evolution of mathematics can be seen to be an ever increasing series of abstractions. ... In science, a physical constant is a physical quantity whose numerical value does not change. ...

92. SCI.SPACE FAQ No. 04 - Space/math SPACE/math Constants and Equations for Calculations. Last-modified $Date 94/03/01 172439 $. CONSTANTS AND EQUATIONS FOR CALCULATIONS http://www.ksc.nasa.gov/facts/faq04.html

SPACE/MATH - Constants and Equations for Calculations Last-modified: $Date: 94/03/01 17:24:39 $ CONSTANTS AND EQUATIONS FOR CALCULATIONS This list was originally compiled by Dale Greer. Additions would be appreciated. Numbers in parentheses are approximations that will serve for most blue-skying purposes. Unix systems provide the 'units' program, useful in converting between different systems (metric/English, CGS/MKS etc.) NUMBERS 7726 m/s (8000) Earth orbital velocity at 300 km altitude 3075 m/s (3000) Earth orbital velocity at 35786 km (geosync) 6371 km (6400) Mean radius of Earth 6378 km (6400) Equatorial radius of Earth 1738 km (1700) Mean radius of Moon 5.974e24 kg (6e24) Mass of Earth 7.348e22 kg (7e22) Mass of Moon 1.989e30 kg (2e30) Mass of Sun 3.986e14 m^3/s^2 (4e14) Gravitational constant times mass of Earth 4.903e12 m^3/s^2 (5e12) Gravitational constant times mass of Moon 1.327e20 m^3/s^2 (13e19) Gravitational constant times mass of Sun 384401 km ( 4e5) Mean Earth-Moon distance 1.496e11 m (15e10) Mean Earth-Sun distance (Astronomical Unit)

93. Welcome To TCEAP.co.uk: The Site For Constants And Equations Expanding reference resource for science, math and astronomy http://www.tcaep.co.uk/

Search TCAEP Welcome to TCAEP .co.uk Science Maths Constants - Over alphabetically listed Topics - Explanations of the more common entries aspects of maths. Over links Equations - Some entries Number Conversions - Interactive log tables, metric prefixes and more conversion of over units Algebra - All the common algebraic SI Units - Details on all the standard SI units identities, including complex numbers of measurement Trigonometry - Identities Calculus - Integral and differential functions Symbols - Greek alphabet, electronic symbols and mathematical symbols Astronomy Planets - Details on all the currently known planets and their satellites Constellations - Table of constellations with info on 3164 stars - Times for 231 locations around the world Moon phases - Tables of moon phases for the next 20 years If you have any problems with this site help can be found on the about page or you can contact us at editor@scenta.co.uk or alternatively call us on (+44) 0207470 4800 These pages make extensive use of XML There is a non-XML version of these pages available For help with physics questions try www.physics.org

94. Mathematical Constant - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia A list of constants with links to more detailed information. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_constant

Mathematical constant From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. A mathematical constant is a quantity, usually a real number or a complex number , that arises naturally in mathematics and does not change. Unlike physical constants , mathematical constants are defined independently of any physical measurement. For example, up to multiplication with nonzero complex numbers, there is a unique holomorphic function f with f' f . Therefore, f f (0) is a mathematical constant, the constant e f is also a periodic function , and the absolute value of its period is another mathematical constant, 2π. Mathematical constants are typically elements of the field of real numbers or complex numbers . Mathematical constants that one can talk about are definable numbers (and almost always also computable However, there are still some mathematical constants for which only very rough estimates are known. An alternate sorting may be found at Mathematical constant (sorted by continued fraction representation) edit Table of selected mathematical constants Abbreviations used: I - irrational number , A - algebraic number , T - transcendental number Gen - General , NuT - Number theory , ChT - Chaos theory , Com - Combinatorics , Inf - Information theory , Ana - Mathematical analysis Symbol Approximate Value Name Field N First Described # of Known Digits Pi Archimedes ' constant or Ludolph 's number Gen Ana T e Napier's constant , base of Natural logarithm Gen Ana T ... Pythagoras ' constant

95. Xalan-Java 2.6.0 API Reference: Class ExsltMath The mathconstant function returns the specified constant to a set precision. static double, cos(double num) The mathcos function returns cosine of the http://www.stylusstudio.com/api/xalan-j_2_6_0/org/apache/xalan/lib/ExsltMath.htm

Overview Package Class Use Tree Deprecated Index ... METHOD org.apache.xalan.lib Class ExsltMath org.apache.xalan.lib.ExsltBase org.apache.xalan.lib.ExsltMath public class ExsltMath extends ExsltBase This class contains EXSLT math extension functions. It is accessed by specifying a namespace URI as follows: xmlns:math="http://exslt.org/math" The documentation for each function has been copied from the relevant EXSLT Implementer page. See Also: EXSLT Usage: Constructor Summary ExsltMath Method Summary static double abs (double num) The math:abs function returns the absolute value of a number. static double acos (double num) The math:acos function returns the arccosine value of a number. static double asin (double num) The math:asin function returns the arcsine value of a number. static double atan (double num) The math:atan function returns the arctangent value of a number. static double (double num1, double num2) The math:atan2 function returns the angle ( in radians ) from the X axis to a point (y,x). static double constant (java.lang.String name, double precision)

96. Mathematics Archives - Numbers All numbers are not created equal; that certain constants appear at all and then echo This multidisciplinary project which includes math, history, http://archives.math.utk.edu/subjects/numbers.html

Numbers Facts about the number 17: 17 in history, computing, astronomy, etc. The 47 Society The 47 Society is an international interest-group that follows the occurence and recurrence of the quintessential random number: 47. Many suspect that the coinciential nature of 47 carries some mystical, metaphysical and/or scientific significance. What is special about the number 73939133? Aesthetics of the Prime Sequence Hear and see the prime numbers! A Common Book of p The number p has been the subject of a great deal of mathematical (and popular) folklore. It's been worshipped, maligned, and misunderstood. Overestimated, underestimated, and legislated. Of interest to scholars, crackpots, and everyday people. Continued Fractions A senior Honor's Project at Calvin College by Adam Van Tuyl which gives the history, theory, applications and bibliography on the thery of continued fractions. In the section on applications there are a number of interactive programs that convert rationals (or quadratic irrationals) into a simple continued fraction, as well as the converse. Data Powers of Ten A petabyte?

97. Polynomial Functions The constant term of a polynomial is the term of degree 0; it is the term Name the degree, the leading coefficient, and the constant term of (5x + 1)(3x http://www.themathpage.com/aPreCalc/polynomial.htm

Topics in P R E C A L C U L U S Table of Contents Home THE VOCABULARY OF POLYNOMIAL FUNCTIONS Terms and factors Variables versus constants Definition of a polynomial in x ... Domain and range F UNCTIONS CAN BE CATEGORIZED , and the simplest type is a polynomial function. We will define it below. We will begin with vocabulary. 1. When numbers are added or subtracted, they are called terms . This x x is a sum of three terms. When numbers are multiplied, they are called factors . This x x x is a product of three factors. 2. A variable is a symbol that takes on values. A value is a number. 3. A constant is a symbol that has a single value. Example. The symbols '5' and ' ' are constants. The beginning letters of the alphabet a, b, c , etc. are typically used to denote constants, while the letters x y z , are typically used to denote variables. For example, if we write y a x b x c we mean that a b c are constants (i.e. fixed numbers), and that x and y are variables. 4. A polynomial in x is a sum of whole number powers of the variable x Example.

98. Constants People who are interested in fundamental physical constants usually start by doing this How many of these dimensionless fundamental constants are there? http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/constants.html

How Many Fundamental Constants Are There? John Baez June 15, 2002 You might at first think that the speed of light, Planck's constant and Newton's gravitational constant are great examples of fundamental physical constants. But in fundamental physics, these constants are so important that lots of people use units where they all equal 1! The point is that we can choose units of length, time and mass however we want. That's three independent choices, so with a little luck we can use them to get our favorite three constants to equal 1. Planck was the first to notice this, so these units are called "Planck units". Planck units are great for quantum gravity. They are not so convenient for other purposes, however. The Planck length, for example, is ridiculously small: about 2 x 10 meters. The Planck time looks even worse: about 5 x 10 seconds. The Planck mass is 2 x 10 kilograms. In ordinary life, and even in nuclear physics, Planck units can be a real nuisance. But in the grand scheme of things, units are not very important. They are arbitrary human conventions. As long as you stick with some choice or other you will do okay.

99. Mathematical Resources: Constants And Interesting Numbers (Math Links By Bruno K Constans and Interesting Numbers Mathematical Resources. http://mathres.kevius.com/constans.html

Mathematical Constans and Interesting Numbers not a complete list, only what I happened to see... Big Number Names Catalan Number Conversion of Units / Umrechnung von Einheiten CSU Maths Interesting Numbers, Facts Page Charles Sturt University Data Powers of Ten by Roy Williams Clickery Dictionary of Number Words The Euler Number (Geometry and the Imagination) The Euler's Number Home Page Feigenbaum's universal constant by Håvard Berland Fibonacci bases and other ways of representing integers The Fibonacci Numbers by David L. Schweizer Fibonacci Numbers and the Golden Section by Dr Ron Knott The Fibonacci numbers The Fibonacci numbers in a formula for Pi Fibonacci Numbers and Nature Fibonacci Rabbit Sequence ... Fun with Numbers Malka Numbers Fun With Numbers: The Home Page by Sage Weil Fundamental Physical Constants from NIST The Garden of Eden (the famous Eve Astrid Andersson) Number - Pi The Golden Ratio, or Phi The Golden Section In Art, Architecture and Music The Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search I Love Binary, Primes, and Factors Page ... Infinity (Bellevue Community College) Interesting Numbers by Owen Courtis Ivan Panin's - Bible Numerics God is A Mathematician By Keith Newman Largest Known Primes The Largest Known Primes by Chris Caldwell Learn About Cool Numbers Lehmer's Problem by Michael Mossinghoff Linear periodization theory by Artur Mos Mathsoft Constants - Mathcad Library - S. Finch at MathSoft, Inc.

100. Experimental Mathematics: Table Of Contents: Volume 8 New Representations for the Madelung constant Richard E. Crandall Abstract in Postscript or DVI Full text (Postscript) http://www.expmath.org/expmath/volumes/8/8.html

Home Table of Contents / Volume 8 Subscription Information Submission Guidelines Articles Editorial Board For subscription or editorial inquiries, please contact us by email , telephone, or mail. A K Peters, Ltd. 888 Worcester Street Suite 230 Wellesley, MA 02482 Tel: 781.416.2888 or 800.450.2210 Fax: 781.416.2889 http://www.akpeters.com/ Are characters missing or replaced by rectangles? Experimental Mathematics Volume 8 (1999) Next Volume All Volumes Previous Volume Volume 8, issue 1 Singular Separatrix Splitting and the Melnikov Method: An Experimental Study Amadeu Delshams Abstract in Postscript or DVI Full text (Postscript) The Topology of the Relative Character Varieties of a Quadruply-Punctured Sphere Robert L. Benedetto William M. Goldman Abstract in Postscript or DVI Full text (Postscript) Alain Joets Roland Ribotta Abstract in Postscript or DVI Full text (Postscript) Spectral Properties of High Contrast Band-Gap Materials and Operators on Graphs Peter Kuchment Leonid A. Kunyansky

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