41. Turing's O-machines The atomic operations of a turing machine are six in number (i) move the tape left An Omachine is a turing machine augmented with one or more atomic http://www.alanturing.net/turing_archive/pages/Reference Articles/Turing's O-Mac

AlanTuring.net Reference Articles Turing's O-Machines By Jack Copeland O-machines are a type of abstract machine. They generate digital output from digital input by means of a step-by-step procedure consisting of repeated applications of a small, fixed number of atomic operations. The procedure unfolds under the control of a finite program of instructions which (as with the universal Turing machine ) is stored in the form of data on the machine's tape. Turing introduced the concept of an O-machine in his PhD thesis (Princeton, 1938). (The thesis was supervised by Alonzo Church.) This was subsequently published as 'Systems of Logic Based on Ordinals', Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society , series 2, vol. 45 (1939): 161-228. This paper is now a classic of recursive function theory. The atomic operations of a Turing machine are six in number: (i) move the tape left one square; (ii) move the tape right one square; (iii) read (i.e. identify) the symbol currently under the head; (iv) write a symbol on the square of tape currently under the head (after first deleting the symbol already written there, if any); (v) change state; (vi) halt. These primitive operations are made available by unspecified subdevices of the machine - 'black boxes'. An O-machine is a Turing machine augmented with one or more atomic operations each of which returns the values of some function (on the natural numbers) that is not Turing-machine-computable. Each additional atomic operation is made available by a black box. Turing refers to these black boxes as 'oracles'. He remarks that an oracle works by 'unspecified means' and says that we need 'not go any further into the nature of [these] oracle[s]'.

42. Manchester Illuminated Universal Turing Machine Verostko, a master of fineart pen-plotting, creates unique algorithmic serial editions with each work being one of a kind . meta name= http://www.verostko.com/manchester/manchester.html

galleries and projects history menu main menu site map ... search THE MANCHESTER ILLUMINATED UNIVERSAL TURING MACHINE by Roman Verostko, 1998 Note: Originals from the series may be seen in Europe at: London, UK: deluxe Gallery , 2-4 Hoxton Square, London, N1 6NU. tel +44 20 7729 8503. http://www.deluxe-arts.org.uk/ . email: Keith Watson Germany . DAM. Tucholskystr. 37, 10117 Berlin, Germany, Tel: 0049-30-28098135 Fax: 0049-40-3603753454 Contact: Wolf Lieser The Project: A family of algorithmic pen plotted drawings, each presented with the binary text for a Universal Turing Machine (UTM), was created for an exhibition in Manchester on the occasion of the Ninth International Symposium on Electronic Art (1998). These drawings, reminiscent of medieval manuscript illuminations, celebrate Alan Turing's work with universal problem solver procedures. They were created especially for the Manchester-Liverpool context as homage to Alan Turing in memory of his historic work in Manchester. Executed on hot pressed Arches, each piece includes a burnished gold leaf enhancement. Manchester Illuminated Universal Turing Machine, #23

43. UTM Self Portraits Documentation Rationale documentation for A Universal turing machine Algorithm presented as a Self Portrait of the general computer. http://www.verostko.com/tur-doc.html

self portrait menu gallery main menu site map Documentation: A Universal Turing Machine as Self Portrait Detail from a series of Illuminated Universal Turing Machines, Manchester, 1998 . This is one of a series intended to honor A. Turing's work. F0.UTM Self Portrait display version by Steven Gunhouse B0.UTM Leanest version by Steven Gunhouse) U Roger Penrose Version References and Links Precursor Memes, Boole Rationale for a "Universal Turing Machine Self Portrait" By convention a Turing Machine is understood to be a definition of a procedure, namely an "algorithm", for example, the detailed step by step procedure for controlling the automatic drive on my automobile. The vast number of specific Turing Machines boggles the mind like the world of numbers. One kind of Turing Machine, known as a " Universal" Turing Machine operates in the manner likened to an algorithmic "mime". Given the appropriate instruction such a machine can simulate any of the vast number of Turing Machine procedures, thus providing the procedural logic for a general computer. The gating logic for circuit boards in all general computers descends from this concept for a UTM. Even so, the procedure for a UTM can be stated in various algorithmic formats. Recently I learned that interpretative computer languages, such as Basic, Lisp and Prolog are yet other instances of UTM's.

44. Turing Machine http://web.bvu.edu/faculty/schweller/Turing/Turing.html

45. SourceForge.net Project Info - Visual Turing Machine Visual turing machine (VTM) is a tool for visually designing turing machines. This means no coding in abstract scripting languages, but simple point click http://sourceforge.net/projects/visualturing/

OSTG Eclipse TechForge ThinkGeek Slashdot ... Whitepapers Ads_kid=0;Ads_bid=0;Ads_xl=0;Ads_yl=0;Ads_xp='';Ads_yp='';Ads_xp1='';Ads_yp1='';Ads_opt=0; Ads_wrd='visualturing,java,linux,mswin_xp,independent,simulations,visualization'; Ads_prf='logged_in=0;page=index';Ads_par='';Ads_cnturl='';Ads_sec=0;Ads_channels='RON_P1_Leaderboard'; My Favorites SF.net Home Eclipse TechForge my sf.net software map donate to sf.net about sf.net ... New User via SSL Search This Project Software/Group Freshmeat.net Site Docs results by YAHOO! search SF.net Subscription Subscribe Now Manage Subscription Realtime Statistics Direct Download ... Project Monitoring SF.net Resources Site Docs Site Status SF.net Supporters Compile Farm ... Get Support Site Sponsors Ads_kid=0;Ads_bid=0;Ads_xl=0;Ads_yl=0;Ads_xp='';Ads_yp='';Ads_xp1='';Ads_yp1='';Ads_opt=0; Ads_wrd='visualturing,java,linux,mswin_xp,independent,simulations,visualization'; Ads_prf='logged_in=0;page=index';Ads_par='';Ads_cnturl='';Ads_sec=0;Ads_channels='RON_TopSponsor_Tile'; Ads_kid=0;Ads_bid=0;Ads_xl=0;Ads_yl=0;Ads_xp='';Ads_yp='';Ads_xp1='';Ads_yp1='';Ads_opt=0; Ads_wrd='visualturing,java,linux,mswin_xp,independent,simulations,visualization'; Ads_prf='logged_in=0;page=index';Ads_par='';Ads_cnturl='';Ads_sec=0;Ads_channels='RON_Other_Tile'; Ads_kid=0;Ads_bid=0;Ads_xl=0;Ads_yl=0;Ads_xp='';Ads_yp='';Ads_xp1='';Ads_yp1='';Ads_opt=0; Ads_wrd='visualturing,java,linux,mswin_xp,independent,simulations,visualization'; Ads_prf='logged_in=0;page=index';Ads_par='';Ads_cnturl='';Ads_sec=0;Ads_channels='RON_Other_Tile';

46. Turing Machines turing machines (in Turing s World ). Machines Related to Busy Beaver Competitions, Spring 95, 96. The Right 5loop Left 2-loop Machine establishing http://www.rpi.edu/~brings/SL/tms.html

Turing Machines (in "Turing's World") Machines Related to Busy Beaver Competitions, Spring '95, '96: The Right 5-loop Left 2-loop Machine by the "Sharp Group" Jared Mayes, John Kozura, Jason Rennie), Spring 1995. Object Prouve, Greg's Challenge Gordon Greene (Rensslear student) destroys Greg's Challenge, Here are two machines which automatically convert TMs in the 5-tuple format into machines in the 4-tuple format used in Turing's World and Boolos and Jeffrey's book. Thanks to the "Grad Group," Spring 1994. Special thanks are due to Kari Coleman. Convertor Convertor (optimal) Documentation (.dvi) Documentation (.ps) ... Minsky's small UTM (quintuple format) (Taken from John Haugeland's Artificial Intelligence: The Very Idea , p. 139.) Nondeterministic Machines Accepting Composite Numbers. (To view the problem that gave rise to these machines, click here The 3 Dumbasses The Anonymous Group The Nonexistent Group ... Top Level of Bringsjord's Web Site

47. Turing Machine Simulation of the page that was submitted for the contest to make it load faster. What is a turing machine? The turing machine Applet turing machine Applet help http://www.scit.wlv.ac.uk/~cm1970/mainpage.html

48. What Is A Turing Machine? A turing machine is an automaton which moves along a linear strip of data and performs certain The turing machine scans the tape, one cell at a time, http://www.science.gmu.edu/~jsteidel/801-prj/turing.html

What is a Turing machine? A Turing machine is an automaton which moves along a linear strip of data and performs certain actions according its state , which depends upon the data it has 'seen,' and the datum symbol that it is viewing. The following is excerpted from Ivars Peterson's "The Mathematical Tourist:" "Mathematician Alan M. Turing was one of the first to propose the idea of a universal mathematics machine. Turing and Emil Post independently proved that determining the decidability of mathematical propositions is equivalent to asking what sorts of sequences of a finite number of symbols can be recognized by an abstract machine with a finite set of instructions. Such a mechanism is now known as a Turing machine. "A Turing machine can be pictured as a black box capable of reading, printing, and erasing symbols on a single, long tape or strip of paper divided by lines into square cells, or boxes. Each cell is blank or contains one symbol from a finite alphabet of symbols. "The Turing machine scans the tape, one cell at a time, usually beginning at the cell furthest to the left that contains a symbol. The machine can leave the beginning symbol unchanged, erase it, or print another in its place. If in reading the tape the machine later encounters a blank cell, then the machine has the choice of leaving the cell empty or entering a symbol. After it performs its assigned task on a given cell, the machine stops or else moves one cell to the left or right. "What the machine does to a cell and which way it moves afterward depends on the state of the machine at that instant. Like a state of mind, the machine's internal configuration establishes the environment in which a decision is made. Turing machines are restricted to a finite number of states.

49. Drawings Gallery :: The Universal Turing Machine Black and white portraitstyle illustration that explores the life of Alan Turing. http://www.jinwicked.com/en/art/drawings/turing.html

Artist Cam Click to Watch Would you like to receive notices via email of updates and new artwork added to this site? The Universal Turing Machine Title: The Universal Turing Machine Date: Circa Spring 2002 Size: Media: Ink on Bristol Board Framed: No Price: $195.00, Original Artwork SOLD $10.00, Limited Edition Prints - 20 of 100 Available This is a biographical illustration and portrait of a man named Alan Turing, drawn as and titled after the creation for which he is most famous. Prints - 20 of 100 Available purchase information page < Previous Index of Thumbnails Next >> This site is hosted by DreamHost

50. XTuringMachine Lab turing machines are covered in Chapter 4 of The Most Complex Machine. The xTuringMachine applet can simulate turing machines with up to twentyfive http://math.hws.edu/TMCM/java/labs/xTuringMachineLab.html

Labs for The Most Complex Machine xTuringMachine Lab: Introduction to Turing Machines T URING MACHINES are extremely simple calculating devices. A Turning machine remembers only one number, called its state . It moves back and forth along an infinite tape, scanning and writing symbols and changing its state. Its action at a given step in the calculation is based on only two factors: its current state number and the symbol that it is currently scanning on the tape. It continues in this way until it enters a special state called the halt state . In spite of their simplicity, Turing machines can perform any calculation that can be performed by any computer. In fact, certain individual Turing machines, called universal Turing machines , can actually execute arbitrary programs, just as a computer can. You won't see any universal Turing machines in this lab, but you will experiment with Turing machines that can perform non-trivial calculations. Turing machines are covered in Chapter 4 of The Most Complex Machine. Although the lab is mostly self-contained, it would be useful for you to have some familiarity with Turing machines before beginning the lab. Especially important is the idea that a Turing machine is described by a

51. The XTuringMachine Applet When a turing machine enters the halt state, it stops computing. The xTuringMachine applet is designed to show turing machines in action. http://math.hws.edu/TMCM/java/xTuringMachine/

The xTuringMachine Applet T URING MACHINES are very simple computational devices. A Turing machine has an infinitely long tape, divided into cells . Each cell can be blank or can contain a symbol chosen from some fixed finite list. The Turing machine moves along the tape reading and writing symbols. It has an internal state , which can be either the halt state or an integer between zero and some specified maximum value. When a Turing machine enters the halt state, it stops computing. Although Turing machines are very simple, any computation that can be done by any computer can also be done by some Turing machine. The action that a Turing machine takes depends only on its state and on the symbol displayed in the cell where the machine is currently located. Given this information, the Turing machine takes three actions: It writes a symbol to the cell (possibly the same one that is already there); it moves one cell to the left or one cell to the right; and it sets its internal state (possibly to the same state that it is currently in). The Turing machine has a table of rules that tells it what to do for various combinations of its current state and the symbol it reads from the current cell.

52. Turing Machine - Epitonic.com: Hi Quality Free And Legal MP3 Music The premier site for independent music on the web. Downloadable and streaming music for those not satisfied with the stagnant world of popular music. http://www.epitonic.com/artists/turingmachine.html

@import "http://www.epitonic.com/css/hideit.css"; a word from our sponsors This site may be viewed in any browser or Internet device, but looks best in one that complies with web standards genres Rock Punk ... list all genres Turing Machine Jade Tree Records buy this music this music filed under: Indie Rock , Post-Rock, Instrumental musicians: Gerard Fuchs (drums) Justin Chearno (guitar) Panthers Scott DeSimon (bass) Jon Fine similar artists: Pitchblende, Sonic Youth Unwound Mirza other suggestions: The Azusa Plane , Flying Saucer Attack, Bardo Pond, Mogwai, ...And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead Mission Of Burma Consonant , Dinosaur Jr., Polvo , Eleventh Dream Day, Atombombpocketknife Blonde Redhead , Fugazi, The Convocation Of... The 90 Day Men Chik Chik Chik The Locust ... Tyondai Braxton other resources: message board It's oddly appropriate that Turing Machine takes their name from the theoretical computational device envisioned by British mathematician Alan Turing Turing's machine was designed to solve all solvable computational problems, and while its namesake band may not completely solve all musical problems, they aren't afraid to tackle some of the stickier ones. The first question is the dilemma of how to keep instrumental rock interesting. Well, that's an easy one for this bunch.

53. Lego-based Turing Machine Legobased turing machine This has Ewald written all over it. posted on Sunday, July 24, 2005 219 AM. Comments. No comments posted yet. http://pluralsight.com/blogs/dbox/archive/2005/07/24/13487.aspx

Blogs Pluralsight Craig Andera Mark Baciak Don Box ... Mike Woodring My Links Home Contact Login Blog Stats Posts - 171 Stories - Comments - 1081 Trackbacks - 314 Amazing people who don't fit into any other buckets Chris Brumme (rss) Jan Gray (rss) ... Sells Indigettes Bruce Williams (rss) Doug Purdy (rss) ... (rss) Indigo Admirers Aaron Skonnard (rss) BenjaminM Christian Nagel ... (rss) Knights on White Horses Gareth Jones (rss) Jack Greenfield (rss) ... (rss) Archives Sep, 2005 (8) Aug, 2005 (7) Jul, 2005 (32) Jun, 2005 (10) ... Sep, 2004 (5) Image Galleries People Don Box's Spoutlet Lego-based Turing Machine This has Ewald written all over it. posted on Sunday, July 24, 2005 2:19 AM Comments No comments posted yet. Title Name Url (URL is displayed to blog author only, not to public) Comments Please enter the code you see below. what's this? Remember Me? Powered by: Visual Design by Studio Creativa

54. A Turing Machine Emulation - By Paul A. Queior A turing machine emulation in Java, by Paul A. Queior, for his Computer Science 21a course first semester at Brandeis University. http://www.cs.brandeis.edu/~paulq/Turing/TuringAppletMac.html

A Turing Machine A Java Emulation of a Turing Machine, programmable in a Graphical Browser via the World Wide Web Links to Other Turing Sites: What is a Turing Machine? Alan Turing - Home Page Another Turing Machine Emulator Other Links: Brandeis University COSI 21A @ Brandeis Questions? Comments? Send me email

55. Warthman Associates, Technical Writer - Turing Machine Java Animation We write technical manuals about Java, turing machines, semiconductors, microprocessors, systemson-chip (SOCs), networks, instrumentation, software, http://www.warthman.com/ex-turing.htm

Turing Machine Applet An explanation of the Turing Machine can be seen in the applet by clicking the button entitled "How the Applet Works". If the applet does not appear after several seconds, or if it continues to appear all gray, you may be behind a corporate firewall that blocks incoming Java applets. Click here to enter your email address in our Java mailing list. By doing so, you will receive notices of new Java applications from Warthman Associates. To delete your name from this mailing list, click here

56. Math Games:2D Turing Machines< Alan developed the turing machine. A turing machine consists of a moving head, The two simplest interesting 2D turing machines Langton s Ant, http://www.maa.org/editorial/mathgames/mathgames_06_07_04.html

Search MAA Online MAA Home Math Games 2D Turing Machines Ed Pegg Jr., June 7, 2004 Fifty years ago today, on June 7th, 1954, Alan Turing ate half an apple that had drops of cyanide on it. You can read about him at MacTutor Archives , or the Alan Turing site. Alan had a tendancy to keep dangerous chemicals in his refrigerator, according to some accounts, so his death may have been an accident. Alan developed the Turing Machine . A Turing machine consists of a moving head, which can be in multiple states, and a tape, which can have multiple colors. is a sample Turing Machine, with rules describing how to react to any given state/color combination. Expressed another way, this particular machine looks like this: A B C D E An example is of what the machine looks like when run is shown below. The tape starts out as a string of zeros, which soon becomes ones and zeros. The state and position of the head are the first and last number. To the left, I show the first 1400 steps of this machine. It continues to run for 47176870 steps before halting. At the moment, this Busy Beaver discovered in 1990 by Marxen and Buntrock is the longest lived 5 state Turing Machine that reaches a halting state. Whether this is the is the longest possible 5-state, 2-color halting TM is an

57. Computing Huffman Codes On A Turing Machine of a turing machine (Version 1.1) which computes Huffman codes. %% %% turing machine...... http://semillon.wpi.edu/~aofa/AofA/msg00040.html

ANALYSIS of ALGORITHMS Bulletin Board Date Prev Date Next Thread Prev Thread Next ... Thread Index Computing Huffman codes on a Turing Machine To Subject : Computing Huffman codes on a Turing Machine From : "Alex Vinokur" < Date : Thu, 1 Jul 2004 16:46:02 +0300 Disposition-notification-to : "Alex Vinokur" <alexvn@barak-online.net> http://sourceforge.net/projects/turing-machine http://alexvn.freeservers.com/s1/turing.html has been used to compute several Huffman codes. Raw Log : * http://groups-beta.google.com/group/misc.test/msg/af70d2465227f10d (Computing Huffman codes for Fibonacci numbers on a Turing Machine) Alex Vinokur http://mathforum.org/library/view/10978.html http://sourceforge.net/users/alexvn Prev by Date: Rainer Kemp Next by Date: AofA postdoctoral position available Previous by thread: Rainer Kemp Next by thread: AofA postdoctoral position available Index(es): Date Thread

58. C++ Simulator Of A Universal Turing Machine C++ Simulator of a Universal turing machine http//sourceforge. net/projects/turingmachine/. The program simulates a Universal turing machine (UTM). http://semillon.wpi.edu/~aofa/AofA/msg00024.html

ANALYSIS of ALGORITHMS Bulletin Board Date Prev Date Next Thread Prev Thread Next ... Thread Index C++ Simulator of a Universal Turing Machine To Subject : C++ Simulator of a Universal Turing Machine From : "Alex Vinokur" < Date : Fri, 19 Dec 2003 07:26:30 +0200 Disposition-notification-to : "Alex Vinokur" <alexvn@connect.to> Hi, C++ Simulator of a Universal Turing Machine can be downloaded at : http://alexvn.freeservers.com/s1/utm.html http://sourceforge.net/projects/turing-machine/ The program simulates a Universal Turing Machine (UTM). The UTM used in the Simulator is three-tape Turing Machine: * Tape#0 contains transition table and initial instantaneous description of a Particular Turing Machine (TM); * Tape#1 and Tape#2 are working UTM-tapes. The UTM can simulate the behavior of a Multitape TM. The package consists of two executable files : * t2u - compiler TM-to-UTM which translates description and input of TM to UTM-language; t2u generates several output files, one of them is used as input of the utm. * utm - the Simulator itself.

59. The Steam-Powered Turing Machine The SteamPowered turing machine mural was painted on a stairwell wall of Sieg Hall in 1987 by a dozen first-year graduate students seeking diversion on http://www.cs.washington.edu/general/sptm-caption.html

The Steam-Powered Turing Machine The "Steam-Powered Turing Machine" mural was painted on a stairwell wall of Sieg Hall in 1987 by a dozen first-year graduate students seeking diversion on the eve of the qualifying examination. The SPTM was originally conjured up a few years before this by Professor Alan Borning. Borning was undertaking a revision of the graduate program brochure. Professor Larry "Tomorrow" Ruzzo was late with his biographical information for the brochure real late. In desperation, Borning threatened to provide text himself if Ruzzo failed to come through. The threat didn't work, and when the printing deadline arrived, Borning followed through that year's graduate brochure carried the following description of Ruzzo's research interests: "Currently, his principal research project involves the construction and programming of a vaguely parallel computer, consisting of 32 steam-powered Turing machines installed in the basement of Sieg Hall. Of particular interest is the use of triple-expansion bypass valves, coupled to individual governors on each engine, to achieve write-synchronization of the machines. Graduate students have played an important role in the construction and operation of the engine, particularly in stoking the boilers, and advanced undergraduates are occasionally allowed to polish the brass gauges. "Originally intended as a general computing engine, restrictions imposed by the Pollution Control and Noise Abatement Boards require that only algorithms running in polynomial time may be used. The project recently suffered another setback when one of Professor Ruzzo's graduate students slipped on a mouldering stack of ungraded homework exercises and fell under the write head of one of the machines. Now permanently embossed with a series of 1's and 0's, the student is suing to have the machine dismantled."

60. Generation5 - An In-Depth Look At Turing Machines Generation5 aims to be the most comprehensive Artificial Intelligence site on the Internet. Communityorientated, Generation5 deals with all AI topics http://www.generation5.org/turing.shtml

Home Articles Reviews Interviews ... Contribute Login Login: Password: Keep me logged in. ( help Register Why register? Lost your password? ... MobES Expert System Friends and Affiliates Home Articles General > Theory An In-Depth Look at Turing Machines By James Matthews Printable Version This essay has been superceded by Turing Machines: A Closer Look , but we have kept this here for completeness. This essay is a more in-depth look into Turing Machines (TM) and their workings than we have previously seen. This essay will assume you have read the Turing Machines essay, or have some knowledge of the basic composition and working of a TM. Naming Conventions Before we start looking at anything let me firstly explain how I will represent the rules of a Turing Machine in this essay. Since this essay was primarily inspired by Penrose's The Emperor's New Mind I will use a similiar convention to Penrose. An example of some rules would look like: to to to 0R. [stop] to The small letters are the states, the left-hand one referring to the state the machine is in, and the right-hand one referring to the state to change to. The large number on the left-hand side represents the data just read, and on the right-hand side the data to write. The 'R' means to move the tape right, 'L' means to move the tape left (not shown above) and [stop] means to stop the Turing machine (note I will abbrievate this further to merely S). Therefore, the instruction " to 1L" means "If in State and a 1 is read, change to state one, output a one on the tape, and shift the tape left." The above 4 rules are the rules that govern unary addition - which is what Generation5's

Page 3     41-60 of 111    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | 6  | Next 20