41. Acoustics And Design 5.1 Outside noise environment. This is important, as it has implications 5.2 Internal noise environment. Consider paths for transmission in buildings. http://www.esru.strath.ac.uk/Courseware/Class-design/acoustics.htm

Acoustics and Design 1. Introduction What is covered: Noise sources, design criteria for different buildings and spaces, assessment of noise levels, and noise control. Design issues associated with acoustic performance inside buildings due to internal or external noise sources. What is not covered: Buildings where there are special acoustic constraints e.g. auditoria. Factories (and buildings where there is 24 hour work e.g hospitals) where it may be important to assess the effect of noise generated on adjacent dwellings. Sound systems in buildings. These may be required for emergency warning (e.g. fire alarm), paging system, lecture and conference rooms, sports stadia, railway stations etc. Examples External environment: buildings adjacent to motorways where they may be a need for a sealed building with mechanical ventilation; How noisy can it be before a building cannot be naturally ventilated? Internal environment: Office space within factories next to noisy process plant. How can sound levels in offices be made acceptable? Acoustic assessments through the design process: stages of design STAGE ISSUES Site Rural or industrial - planning regulations Transportation noise - roads/rail/aircraft (prediction of future levels) Industrial noise sources Airborne noise and/or vibration Building form Site planning and screening Ventilation - natural or mechanical Location of plant rooms Detailed design Room-to-room noise Outside-to-inside noise HVAC noise Room acoustics Sound insulation Sound systems Supervision Quality of construction

42. Truckee General Plan, Chapter 6 - Noise Element People recognize that noise has become an environmental pollutant that threatens our The ambient noise environment is characterized in the Noise Study http://www.truckee2025.org/96genlplan/vol1ch6.htm

A Town of Truckee Municipal Government Website 1996 Truckee General Plan Volume 1: Goals and Policies Chapter 6 - Noise Element INTRODUCTION The Noise Element of the General Plan is mandatory pursuant to State law (California Planning and Zoning Law, Section 65302(f)) and must recognize guidelines adopted by the California Office of Noise Control. More importantly, the Noise Element should provide a systematic approach to: The measurement and modeling of noise; The establishment of noise standards; The control of major noise sources; and Community planning for the regulation of noise. This Element is a guide used to identify and mitigate noise problems. It establishes uniformity between local policy and programs undertaken to control and abate environmental noise. It also serves as a guideline for compliance with the State's noise insulation standards. The California Government Code and Office of Noise Control guidelines require that certain major noise sources and areas containing noise sensitive land uses be identified and quantified by preparing generalized noise exposure contours for current and projected levels of activity within the community. It is intended that noise data developed for the General Plan serve as a basis for achieving land use compatibility with respect to noise through the long range planning and project review processes. It is also intended that noise exposure information be used to provide baseline information and noise source identification for use in formulating and enforcing a local noise control ordinance. This ordinance provides the mechanism to control noise from existing land uses to ensure long-term compatibility between uses.

43. K1SIX- Noise Measurement And Reduction Techniques View a POLAR PLOT of the initial noise environment (NOISE BLANKER OFF) This kind of MANMADE noise environment can ruin your chances of 6m DX! http://www.conknet.com/~b_mobile/NoiseStuff.html

NOISE MEASUREMENTS and REDUCTION UPDATED 19 January 2005 A Typical Problem: Click the link below for a real world scenario of a noisy power line located approximately 2 miles from my hilltop site in Hillsboro Center, NH. All measurements were made at 50 MHz using the degradation measurement described later and represent dB of degradation over a cold resistor (a baseline measurement that allows no external noise to enter the system) at the bearings shown. This most recent problem of 20.5 dB degradation began just as the Fall 2000 F2 season became productive for world wide six meter DX. The bearing of 110 degrees is particularly troublesome because SKEW PATH propagation, peaking in that general direction, is the primary mode from here in early fall. The data obtained shows TWO important features. Firstly, the MINIMUM degradation realized over a cold resistor. This turns out to be 8.0 dB and is the best that can be obtained at any bearing from this location. This value shows approximately how much excess gain my low noise figure receiver system has in the real noise 50 MHz environment surrounding it. The reduction of this excess gain is essential to insure the lowest level of receiver intermodulation products. More about this later. The second important feature shown is the level of degradation from the target source. Knowing this value allows one to estimate the goal in terms of the amount of noise reduction required from this singular source. That goal is approximately 15.5 dB reduction and is obtained as follows:

44. Entrez PubMed To assess the degree of noise pollution in relation to the health and safety of the employees and co http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=7

45. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 1994,32187-192 Assessment of noise environment in a Major Railway Station in India. Prabal BANDYOPADHYAY, Sunil Kumar BHATTACHARYA and Shri Kamt KASHYAP http://www.niih.go.jp/en/indu_hel/1994/1994_18.htm

INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 1994,32,187-192 Assessment of Noise Environment in a Major Railway Station in India Prabal BANDYOPADHYAY, Sunil Kumar BHATTACHARYA and Shri Kamt KASHYAP National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad 380016, India (Received August 19, 1993 and in revised form July 25, 1994) Abstract: To assess the degree of noise pollution in relation to the health and safety of the employees and commuters, a study on the levels of noise originating from various locomotives and also from different other sources was undertaken at Kalupur railway station of Gujarat State in India. The sound pressure levels (SPL) were measured on platforms. Noise dose count was monitored on a ticket collector on duty for 8 h. The results reflected that the SPLs in the platforms well exceeded the day time noise exposure limit. Further, the SPLs produced by loudspeakers were high and those by train whistles were intensely high pitched. The noise dose count of the ticket collector was also in excess of ACGIH standard. All these suggest that the SPLs in the platforms can endanger the healthful living of the users. Suitable control measures have been suggested. Key words: Noise - Railway station - Health problems - Control measures

46. TP 1247E - Land Use In The Vicinity Of Airports Also, the attitudes of those exposed to the noise environment are subjective and varied. Since these factors are under constant review, http://www.tc.gc.ca/CivilAviation/Aerodrome/Environment/TP1247E/Part4/Part4-6.ht

Français Contact Us Help Search ... Major issues TP 1247E Introduction Part I - Obstacle Limitation Surfaces Part II - Protection of Telecommunications and Electronic Systems Part III - Bird Hazards ... Alternate Formats Check It Out Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs) Relating to Noise Reference Materials Noise Exposure Forecast (NEF) Model Transport Canada ... Part IV - Aircraft Noise document.write(document.frmmenu.elements['titleaction'].value); 4.6 COMMUNITY RESPONSE TO NOISE During developmental work on preliminary noise rating systems, it was established that community response to aircraft noise correlated well with the noise contours then in use. Case histories of noise complaints at twenty-one airports were analyzed as to severity, frequency of complaint, and distribution around the airports to establish a relationship with known noise values. The results of this work, which may be found in Table 2 , have been used for relating land uses to NEF contours. The analysis of the effect of aircraft noise on various working and living environments is a complex matter. For each case where there is a note in the Land Use Tables ( Table 3 ), it is desirable that a noise climate analysis or a noise reduction requirement analysis be undertaken, since each note indicates a particular specialized problem. Many of the factors that would be considered in such analyses are subject to changing technology. Also, the attitudes of those exposed to the noise environment are subjective and varied. Since these factors are under constant review, authorities undertaking analyses of noise climates and noise reduction requirements in buildings should maintain liaison with agencies conducting these reviews. At the present time, such agencies include: the National Research Council and TC Aviation.

47. Noise How Noise is Measured The noise environment of a community has a base of steady Describing a noise environment and assessing its impact requires http://www.buttecounty.net/dds/Planning/noise.htm

NOISE GENERAL NO - 1 State Requirements NO - 1 Planning Relationships NO - 2 How Noise is Measured NO - 2 OBJECTIVES NO - 2 THE COUNTY NOISE ENVIRONMENT NO - 3 Complaints NO - 3 Butte County NO - 3 State Department of Parks and Recreation NO - 3 City of Chico NO - 4 Traffic NO - 4 Railroads NO - 8 Airports NO - 8 Noise-Sensitive Areas NO - 10 Noise Survey NO - 10 Summary NO - 10 FINDINGS, POLICIES, AND IMPLEMENTATION NO - 13 LIST OF TABLES NO - 1 ESTIMATED ANNUAL TRAFFIC INCREASE RATES ON STATE HIGHWAYS From 1975 (as of 11/24/76) NO - 4 NO - 3 COUNTY ROADS WITH 1975 AND ESTIMATED 1987 TRAFFIC VOLUMES OF 5,000 ADT OR GREATER NO - 7 NO - 4 CNEL WORKSHEET FOR LINE OPERATIONS NO - 8 NO - 5 AMBIENT NOISE MONITORING SITES NO - 11 LIST OF FIGURES NO - 1 NOISE SOURCES NO - 3 NO - 2 ROAD NOISE CONTOURS IN Ldn NO - 7 NO - 3 RAIL LINES NO - 8 NO - 4 CHICO AIRPORT NOISE CONTOURS NO - 9 NOISE ELEMENT GENERAL State Requirements: California Government Code Section 63502 (g), as amended by Senate Bill 860 (effective January 1, 1976), requires the County to prepare a Noise Element which: "...shall recognize guidelines adopted by the Office of Noise Control pursuant to Section 39850.1 of the Health and Safety Code, and which quantifies the community noise environment in terms of noise exposure contours for both near and long-term levels of growth and traffic activity. Such noise exposure information shall become a guideline for use in development of the land use element to achieve noise compatible land use and also to provide baseline levels and noise source identification for local noise ordinance enforcement."

48. Tracker Data Filtering Typical settings for a high noise environment try .2,.03,.8,.95 as a starting point. Typical settings for a less noisy environment try .4,.1,.95,.95 and http://www.polhemus.com/Tracker Data Filtering.htm

Products Products = new Object; Products.onColor = '#FFFFCC'; Products.offColor = '#99CCFF'; All Products FastSCAN LIBERTY PATRIOT ... Partner Programs PartnerPrograms = new Object; PartnerPrograms.onColor = '#FFFFCC'; PartnerPrograms.offColor = '#99CCFF'; Distributors OEM/VAR's Case Studies Previous Scientific Side Articles: AC vs. DC Trackers AC Magnetic Trackers Dealing with Speed Magnetic Tracker Distortion Tracker Data Filtering By Dr. Herschell F. Murry, Director of Engineering, Polhemus Introduction: Filtering and Data Latency or Tracking Lag: What are some of the bad things that can happen with filtering? Back in the classical analog filtering days we always experienced reduction in signal strength and constrained dynamic performance. Now in the days of digital filtering we can pretty well maintain signal integrity, dynamically change filters and in general do a much better job. There still can be some difficulty in avoiding time consequences. Time consequences for trackers usually are explained in terms of latency and lag. Often these terms are represented imprecisely, so first let us define what generally is regarded as their proper meaning. does not include the time required to transfer data into the host computer. The tracker has no control over how fast the computer can make a transfer.

49. Hurricane Lightweight Noise Canceling Headset for use in a low noise environment by simply switching out the eartips. that require a lightweight headset alternative in a high noise environment. http://www.rahq.com/hurricane_lightweight_noise_canceling_headset.htm

Secure Payment Gateway Hurricane Lightweight Noise Canceling Headset The Hurricane headset is designed to provide the performance of a heavy duty headset in a high noise environment without all of the weight and bulk. The dual earloops ship standard with noise attenuating plugs with an NRR rating of 21dB. The user can easily convert the headset for use in a low noise environment by simply switching out the eartips. This unit is recommended for public safety markets (police, fire, SWAT and EMT services), heavy duty manufacturing, airline industries and any other applications that require a lightweight headset alternative in a high noise environment. Online ordering coming soon! Features: Lightweight headset designed for extended wear Flexible dual ear loops Several ear insert options included with carrying case Adjustable noise canceling boom microphone In-line PTT options available Available to fit many popular brands and models of two-way radios The noise protection of a heavy headset without the weight Up Earphones Two Wire Palm Mic Kits Mini Lapel Mics ... Heavy Duty Headsets [ Hurricane Lightweight Noise Canceling Headset ] Explorer Light-Weight Single Ear Headset Dispatch Headsets Racing Headsets HazMat and Tactical Comms ... Ear Insert Options/Parts

50. Methods For Estimating The Adequacy Of Hearing Protector Attenuation - 1910.95 A The NRR is then related to an individual worker s noise environment in order to assess the adequacy of the attenuation of a given hearing protector. http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=973

51. 1.Noise - Environmental Exposure/Healthy Environments Traffic noise is an integral part of the noise environment in most areas i. Nonoccupational exposure to high road traffic, aircraft or construction noise http://hebw.uwcm.ac.uk/healthyenvironments/Chapter1.html

Healthy Environments Team Leaders: Dr Meirion Evans. Mr Alan Bennett Literature searches completed on 12 February 1998 1: Noise - Environmental Exposure This document is a supplement to, not a substitute for, professional skills and experience. Users are advised to consult supporting evidence for a consideration of all the implications of a recommendation. The Statements The Evidence Occupation is the main cause of hearing loss and occupational noise-induced hearing loss (ONIHL) is one of the most common occupational disorders. It is estimated that 1.3 million British workers in 80,000 workplaces are exposed to greater than 85dB(A) i . Exposure to noise levels of 85 dB(A) for eight hours per day for 40 years carries a 35% chance of a 30dB(A) hearing loss ii . Exposure to 90 dB(A) for the same duration carries a 51% chance of hearing loss ii i. Costs and benefits of the Noise at Work Regulations , 1989. HSE Contract Research Report 116/1996. London: HSE, 1996 http://www.open.gov.uk/hse/pubns/indg75l.htm

52. VoiceSignal Technologies - Definitions VoiceSignal’s technology can distinguish between environmental noise (eg, A highnoise environment might have an SNR of 51 or lower. http://www.voicesignal.com/solutions/def.php3

Company Solutions Products Customers News FAQs ... Supported Platforms Definitions Definitions Active Vocabulary The active vocabulary is a set of words that can be recognized at any given moment. An embedded application can have an active vocabulary as small as several words or as large as several thousand. Also, an application can add words to or subtract words from its active vocabulary. See also Total Vocabulary. Alternate Choice List A list of words or phrases that are the most likely matches for the last utterance. If an application cannot confidently recognize the last thing said, it can use the alternate choice list to present the user with one or more alternatives. The application can then ask the user to choose or confirm the correct alternative before taking any action. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) ANN is an automated system that seeks to emulate some of the information processing capabilities of the human brain. An ANN consists of a network of interconnected processing elements, called nodes which operate in parallel on different parts of a problem. Currently, there are few commercial speech recognition systems that use a purely ANN approach. See also HMM.

53. General Plan - Noise Element To utilize the definition of the community noise environment, in the form of noise environment overview. Arcata has experienced change from its small, http://www.arcatacityhall.org/2020/2020/GPfinal/Chapter6/noise.html

Arcata General Plan: Chapter 6 NOISE ELEMENT 6.4 INTRODUCTION The Noise Element is one of the seven required General Plan Elements that must be prepared by California cities and counties (Government Code Section 65302). The California General Plan Guidelines state that the Noise Element of the General Plan provides a basis for comprehensive local programs to control and abate environmental noise and to protect citizens from excessive exposure. The Noise Element is required to identify and appraise noise in the community and follow the guidelines adopted by the Office of Noise Control in the State Department of Health Services. Local governments must analyze and quantify noise levels, and the extent of noise exposure, through actual measurements or the use of noise modeling. The air into which noise is emitted, and on which it travels, is a common resource of the community. It is a public good and as such its use, as well the responsibility of maintaining it, belongs to everyone. THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA GENERAL PLAN GUIDELINES* FOR THE FUNDAMENTAL GOALS OF THE NOISE ELEMENT ARE: To provide sufficient information concerning the community noise environment so that noise may be effectively considered in the land use planning process. In so doing, the necessary groundwork will have been developed so that a community noise ordinance may be utilized to resolve noise complaints.

54. Low-level Noise Environment lowlevel noise environment. Click Here. An outdoor sound environment typical of a remote suburban setting, or a rural or public lands setting. http://www.webref.org/acoustics/l/lowlevel_noise_environment.htm

low-level noise environment An outdoor sound environment typical of a remote suburban setting, or a rural or public lands setting. Characteristic average day-night sound levels (DNL, represented by the symbol L dn ) would generally be less than 45 dB, and the everyday sounds of nature, e.g., wind blowing in trees and birds chirping would be a prominent contributor to the DNL. Source: http://www.volpe.dot.gov/acoustics/docs/1990-1999/1999-1.pdf Back Search! Acoustics - A ... Privacy Statement All Sciences Rings Webring Join Now Ring Hub Random About Us ... Tabularium™ WebRef™ Search WWW Search webref.org JourneyEd.com is the leading supplier of discounted software to students and faculty. This site hosted by EASY CGI Web Hosting

55. Signal + Noise: Environment Archives Signal + Noise. All Models Are False, Some Are Useful Computer Science, Daily Life, Ecology, Education, Entertainment, Environment, Evolution, Family http://signalplusnoise.com/archives/cat_environment.html

Signal + Noise All Models Are False, Some Are Useful Index of Category Entries 13 February 2004 The Elephant in the Room In November 2002, one of the elephant trainers at the Pittsburgh Zoo was crushed to death by an elephant. The head trainer Willie Theison, then on loan to a German zoo, returned to help the zoo recover. This article tells the story and gives some interesting background on approaches to elephant care. Despite their reputation, African elephants have proved trainable, though not as easily as Asian elephants. But breeding remains a problem. In a wild elephant society, younger females get practice and help with parenting skills from older females. In zoos, where they're separated from this support at an early age, females sometimes have trouble raising their offspring, so captive breeding rates have been low. Posted by Chris at 02:31 AM on 13 February 2004 Comments (0) TrackBack 13 February 2004 The Elephant in the Room Exploring science, politics, and the human condition with a statistician's skepticism. Written by Christopher Genovese Personal Home Page Contact me About This Blog Links ... Syndicate this site (XML) Search This Site Recent Entries The Elephant in the Room Archives By Month July 2005 June 2005 May 2005 March 2005 November 2004 September 2004 August 2004 June 2004 May 2004 April 2004 March 2004 February 2004 January 2004 December 2003 November 2003 October 2003 September 2003 August 2003 July 2003 June 2003 May 2003 April 2003 March 2003 By Category Astronomy Biology Blogging Books Bread Computer Science

56. Low Current, Low Noise Probing demands good temperature control and a low noise environment. A solid environment for low current probing was provided by mounting a Signatone S1160 http://bridgetec.com/tritemp.html

Serving Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah. Low Current, Low Noise Probing PROBING FEMTOAMPS AT HIGH TEMPERATURE WITH SIGNATONE TRI-TEMP HARDWARE INTRODUCTION Measuring leakage currents on semiconductor wafers and within devices has always been a challenge for analytical probing equipment, as well as the supporting instrumentation. With market demands for higher density ICs, lower power, improved reliability, and features like programmability, semiconductor makers engineer processes to push leakages and device "off currents" ever lower. When these currents are less than a picoamp, direct measurement can be very difficult. Though large cross-section process control structures can "scale up" some currents, space limitations and/or special requirements (e.g. failure analysis and spot defect investigations) often render this technique impractical. An alternative method, "magnifying" leakage via high temperatures, demands good temperature control and a low noise environment. Until recently, probing currents in the femtoamp range required special equipment and expertise. Often, valuable data simply was not collected. Enhanced instruments, such as the Hewlett Packard 4156A semiconductor parameter analyzer, attack part of this problem. But to be fully useful for analytical probing, probing equipment enhancements are also needed. Specifically, triaxial shielding techniques (e.g. separate force-sense, driven guard and shield paths) employed within the HP 4156A must be extended to the probe station's wafer test area. Parts of this extension must withstand "hot chuck" temperatures to enable testing at high temperatures.

57. NFI - Project Report Prosjektrapport for prosjektet The effect of the noise environment at schools and kindergartens for children s development . http://dbh.nsd.uib.no/nfi/rapport/?keys=22925&language=en

58. CENYC: Noise Pollution Offers assistance to antinoise groups in the United States and abroad http://users.rcn.com/conyc/HTMLPE/noise.htm

is more than just a pain in the ear... it is harmful to your health. Here's How Noise Hurts: Continued exposure to noise damages your hearing. The louder the noise, the less time it takes to cause hearing loss. Cells of the inner ear are destroyed, and hearing deteriorates each time we are exposed to prolonged intense sound. The cells do not regenerate: Noise-induced hearing loss is permanent and incurable. It is, however, preventable. 1 out of 8 Americans suffers from some degree of hearing impairment. Noise Hurts Children, too! The loud music that children listen to on the radio, on stereos and earphones, in discos, and at concerts impairs their hearing. Studies show that noise interferes with learning and lowers reading and math scores. Children will be deprived of these skills and will be partially deaf by the time they are grown unless we act to lessen noise. This delightful new book with 15 color illustrations introduces children to the delights of every day sounds through the antics of a young mouse, and alerts them to the bad sounds that can hurt their ears.

59. Highway Traffic Noise - Environment - FHWA environment. FHWA HEP environment. Highway Traffic noise. Compatible Growth and Development Products Regulations and Policy http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/noise/

Environment FHWA HEP Environment Highway Traffic Noise Compatible Growth and Development Products Regulations and Policy To provide Feedback, Suggestions or Comments for this page contact Mark Ferroni at mark.ferroni@fhwa.dot.gov FHWA Home HEP Home Feedback United States Department of Transportation - Federal Highway Administration

60. Aviation Environment Federation (AEF) Deals with the adverse environmental impacts of aviation, including noise, air quality, climate change and sustainability issues. http://www.aef.org.uk

Aviation Environment Federation (AEF) - Homepage Contact Details: Aviation Environment Federation Broken Wharf House 2 Broken Wharf London Tel: 020 7248 2223 Email: info@aef.org.uk Affected by aircraft noise?   Dealing with a proposed airfield or airport development?   Looking for data on aviation's environmental performance?   Need to keep up to date with environmental and aviation regulations?   ....   As well as campaigning for effective environmental controls, the AEF is able to provide its members with advice and information on these, and many other, issues. The AEF is a UK-based association that campaigns exclusively on the environmental impacts of aviation. The AEF promotes a sustainable future for aviation which fully recognises, and takes account of, its environmental and amenity effects. We work closely with local, national and international decision-makers to achieve this objective, having representation on UK Government and European Commission working groups and observer status to the environmental committee of the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO).

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