1. Hildegard Of Bingen hildegard of bingen (10981179) was a remarkable woman, a first in many fields. At a time when few women wrote, Hildegard, known as Sybil of the Rhine , http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/med/hildegarde.html

The Life and Works of Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179) Introduction The Early Years Hildegard was born a "10"th child (a tithe) to a noble family. As was customary with the tenth child, which the family could not count on feeding, she was dedicated at birth to the church. The girl started to have visions of luminous objects at the age of tree, but soon realized she was unique in this ability and hid this gift for many years. The Awakening During all these years Hildegard confided of her visions only to Jutta and another monk, named Volmar, who was to become her lifelong secretary. However, in 1141, Hildegard had a vision that changed the course of her life. A vision of god gave her instant understanding of the meaning of the religious texts, and commanded her to write down everything she would observe in her visions. And it came to pass ... when I was 42 years and 7 months old, that the heavens were opened and a blinding light of exceptional brilliance flowed through my entire brain. And so it kindled my whole heart and breast like a flame, not burning but warming... and suddenly I understood of the meaning of expositions of the books... Yet Hildegard was also overwhelmed by feelings of inadequacy and hesitated to act.

2. Hildegard Of Bingen - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia At least one modern biographer described hildegard of bingen as a polymath. Alphabet by Hildegard von Bingen, Litterae ignotae, which she used for her http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hildegard_of_Bingen

Hildegard of Bingen From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Illumination from the Liber Scivias showing Hildegard receiving a vision and dictating to her scribe and secretary Hildegard of Bingen German Hildegard von Bingen Latin Hildegardis Bingensis 17 September ), also known as Blessed Hildegard and Saint Hildegard , was a German abbess artist author ... visionary , and composer . Elected a magistra in 1136, she founded the monasteries of Rupertsberg in 1150 and Eibingen in 1165. She is the first composer with an extant biography. One of her works, the Ordo Virtutum , has been called the first form, and possibly the origin, of opera She wrote theological, botanical, and medicinal texts, as well as letters, liturgical songs, poems, and the first surviving morality play, while supervising brilliant miniature illuminations. At least one modern biographer described Hildegard of Bingen as a polymath Contents Biography Works Significance Media ... edit Biography Hildegard's preaching tours Hildegard was born into a family of free nobles in the service of the counts of Sponheim, close relatives of the Hohenstaufen emperors. She was the tenth child, sickly from birth. From the time she was very young, Hildegard wrote, she experienced

3. Hildegard Of Bingen A short biography and links to other sites, from Other Women s Voices. http://home.infionline.net/~ddisse/hildegar.html

Return to the index of "Other Women's Voices." Updated 12-02-07 Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179) "...A BLAZING MIND LONGING TO SOAR ABOVE THE CLOUDS." Hildegard was the tenth child of of a noble German family. At the age of 8, she was sent to live with Jutta, the sister of a count whom Hildegard's father served as a knight. When Hildegard was 14, she, Jutta, and one or two others, were enclosed as anchorites. At some point Jutta's anchorhold grew into a Benedictine monastery, connected to the adjacent male monastery of St. Disibod. The number of nuns grew to about 10 at Jutta's death in 1136 and to about 20 twelve years later. After Jutta's death, Hildegard was named prioress, leader of the nuns but under the authority of the abbot of St. Disibod. Within a few years, Hildegard told her confessor of visionary experiences; he had her write them down and showed them to the abbot. The abbot and the local archbishop ordered Hildegard to continue writing. After some resistance, Hildegard agreed and began the ten-year task of writing what would become Scivias

4. Hildegard Of Bingen Biography, maps, bibliography, and articles. In German and English. http://www.staff.uni-mainz.de/horst/hildegard/

Hildegard of Bingen Hildegard.org To the German page Working Group for the Promotion of the Tradition of Hildegard Hildegard Forum Benedictine Abbey of St. Hildegard near Rüdesheim ... SCIVIAS-Foundation (Disibodenberg) Online-Documents Werner Lauter: Bibliography Sabina Flanagan: Hildegard von Bingen St. Hildegard by Adelgundis Führkötter (in German) Rev. Wolfgang Schuhmacher: Hildegard von Bingen Nancy Fierro: Hildegard's Music and Discography Klaus-Dietrich Fischer: Hildegard of Bingen on Human Nature and the Art of Healing (in German) Traces of Hildegard in Today's Bingen Historical Sites Rhonda-Lee Bugg: RE-VISIONS: Back to the habits of the medieval prophet, Hildegard of Bingen Internet Resources ... Rupert of Bingen (German) The Museums of Bingen (German) History and Guide to the town of Bingen on the Rhine Travel information First Hildegard-page in Bingen, since 23 January 1996 E-mail: webmaster@Hildegard.org This WWW-page is located at the Johannes Gutenberg-University

5. Hildegard Of Bingen, Visionary hildegard of bingen has been called by her admirers one of the most important figures in the history of the Middle Ages, and the greatest woman of her http://justus.anglican.org/resources/bio/247.html

"Listen: there was once a king sitting on his throne. Around Him stood great and wonderfully beautiful columns ornamented with ivory, bearing the banners of the king with great honor. Then it pleased the king to raise a small feather from the ground, and he commanded it to fly. The feather flew, not because of anything in itself but because the air bore it along. Thus am I, a feather on the breath of God." Hildegard of Bingen has been called by her admirers "one of the most important figures in the history of the Middle Ages," and "the greatest woman of her time." Her time was the 1100's (she was born in 1098), the century of Eleanor of Aquitaine, of Peter Abelard and Bernard of Clairvaux , of the rise of the great universities and the building of Chartres cathedral. She was the daughter of a knight, and when she was eight years old she went to the Benedict ine monastery at Mount St Disibode to be educated. The monastery was in the Celtic tradition, and housed both men and women (in separate quarters). When Hildegard was eighteen, she became a nun. Twenty years later, she was made the head of the female community at the monastery. Within the next four years, she had a series of visions, and devoted the ten years from 1140 to 1150 to writing them down, describing them (this included drawing pictures of what she had seen), and commenting on their interpretation and significance. During this period, Pope Eugenius III sent a commission to inquire into her work. The commission found her teaching orthodox and her insights authentic, and reported so to the Pope, who sent her a letter of approval. (He was probably encouraged to do so by his friend and former teacher

6. Norma Gentile - Healing Chants Norma Gentile. All the arts serving human desires and needs are derived from the breath that God sent into the human body. hildegard of bingen http://www.healingchants.com/hvb_links.html

7. Hildegard Of Bingen Brief information about Hildegard plus a recording of O Frondens Virga. http://www.ibiblio.org/cheryb/women/hildegard.html

Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179), born to a noble family, was convent-educated from the age of seven by Benedictine nuns at Disibodenberg, near Bingen, near the present-day town of Mainz. At age 43 she became abbess of her community, a position whose responsibilities did not keep her from pursuing an astonishing variety of creative and scholarly accomplishments. Historians know Hildegard for her correspondence with bishops, popes, abbots, and kings; mystics for her book of visions; medical historians and botanists for her two books on natural history and medicine; and literary scholars for her morality play, the Ordo Virtutum Musicians are beginning to know Hildegard for her antiphons , hymns, and sequences, a large body of monophonic chants whose text and music are both by Hildegard. Her chants are rich in mystical images, and her melodies are elaborate, with florid melodic contours, ornamented inflections, and wide ranges. back to the women's voices home page.

8. Hildegard Of Bingen: Visions Of Divinity. The life and work of hildegard of bingen, with selected texts from her visions. http://members.aol.com/pantheism0/hildgard.htm

Hildegard of Bingen: visions of divinity. A history of pantheism* and panentheism by Paul Harrison. Featured, Dec. 12, 1996. Are you a pantheist? Find out now at Scientific Pantheism. I, the fiery life of divine essence, am aflame beyond the beauty of the meadows, I gleam in the waters, and I burn in the sun, moon, and stars. Vision of the earth. Miniature by Hildegard (seated at bottom). Hildegard of Bingen was born in 1098, to a family of minor German nobility. As the tenth child, she was dedicated to the church, and sent to an anchoress, Jutta, for education. When Jutta died in 1136, Hildegard was elected head of the small convent at Disibodenberg. She moved to Bingen on the banks of the Rhine in 1150, where she administered a convent and a monastery. She died in 1179 at the age of 81. Throughout her life, beginning as a young child, Hildegard had visions. But it was not till her early forties that she began to have the symbolic and didactic visions for which she became famous. At first she wrote nothing down, but when she fell seriously ill, she blamed this on the decision not to reveal her visions. After consulting with the pope and St Bernard of Clairvaux, she began to write the visions down and publish them. She wrote several books, including The Book of Life's Merits (1150-63); The Book of Subtleties of the Diverse Nature of Things (1150); and (most famously) The Book of Divine Works (1163).

9. Hildegard Of Bingen Biography and Readings for Hildegard of Bingen, commemorated Sept. 17, according to the Episcopal Church. http://satucket.com/lectionary/Hildegard_Bingen.htm

Readings: Psalm 104:25-34 Sirach 43:1-2,6-7,9-12,27-28 John 3:16-21 Preface of the Epiphany PRAYER (traditional language) O God, by whose grace thy servant Hildegard, enkindled with the fire of thy love, became a burning and shining light in thy Church: Grant that we also may be aflame with the spirit of love and discipline, and may ever walk before thee as children of light; through Jesus Christ our Lord, who with thee, in the unity of the Holy Spirit, liveth and reigneth, one God, now and for ever. PRAYER (contemporary language) O God, by whose grace your servant Hildegard, kindled with the fire of your love, became a burning and shining light in your Church: Grant that we also may be aflame with the spirit of love and discipline, and walk before you as children of light; through Jesus Christ our Lord, who lives and reigns with you, in the unity of the Holy Spirit, one God, now and for ever. Return to Lectionary Home Page Webmaster: Charles Wohlers Last updated: 17 Aug. 2002 HILDEGARD OF BINGEN VISIONARY (17 SEP 1179) "Listen: there was once a king sitting on his throne. Around him stood great and wonderfully beautiful columns ornamented with ivory, bearing the banners of the king with great honor. Then it pleased the king to raise a small feather from the ground, and he commanded it to fly. The feather flew, not because of anything in itself but because the air bore it along. Thus am I, a feather on the breath of God."

10. ORB: The Online Reference Book For Medieval Studies--Hildegard Von Bingen hildegard of bingen is widely known for her extraordinary works and her hildegard of bingen was born to noble parents in the year 1098 at Bermersheim in http://www.the-orb.net/encyclop/culture/music/mather.htm

The Music of Hildegard von Bingen By Olivia Carter Mather Created on 25 November 2002 and updated 15 June 2003 Introduction Hildegard of Bingen is widely known for her extraordinary works and her accomplishments in the fields of music, poetry, theology, the visual arts, and the natural sciences. Her compositions and writings have experienced a revival in recent years in conjunction with an increased interest in women's studies among scholars in a variety of disciplines. Scholars have published new editions and facsimiles of her works, and professional performers of medieval music such as Sequentia, Gothic Voices, and Anonymous 4 have recorded her music. This article is a general introduction to her music according to genre. Contents: Top of page Biography General Aspects of Hildegard's Music Manuscript Sources of Hildegard's Music ... Helpful Hildegard Websites Biography Hildegard of Bingen was born to noble parents in the year 1098 at Bermersheim in the Rhineland as the youngest of ten children and was offered to the church as a small child. She claimed to have visions at a very young age, and this may have encouraged her parents to dedicate her special abilities to religious life. It was in 1106, at the age of eight, that Hildegard was sent to the Benedictine monastery of Disibodenburg under the care of Jutta of Spanheim, the abbess of a very small community of nuns under the oversight of Benedictine monks. Hildegard received only a basic education from Jutta, probably learning how to recite from the Latin Psalter. We have little information about Hildegard's exact education but she lamented that she lacked advanced formal training in Latin, the Bible, or musical notation.

11. Hildegard Of Bingen Made to celebrate the 900th birthday of Hildegard von Bingen whom The New York Times has described as Before the Renaissance, A Renaissance Woman, this http://www.mith.umd.edu/flare/hildegard/

Credits Links Navigation Menu Home Women of Power Series Virginia Woolf Ada Byron Lovelace Hildegard of Bingen Ruth Berlau Maria Sibylla Merian Intergenerational Films Journeys Beckett Directs Beckett About Flare "A superb new film . . . The cinematography is beautiful, the music lovely, and the commentary intelligent and focussed." Dr. David Wallace, Judith Rodin Professor of English, University of Pennsylvania Made to celebrate the 900th birthday of Hildegard von Bingen whom The New York Times has described as "Before the Renaissance, A Renaissance Woman," this definitive documentary was shot at the major Hildegard sites: the tranquil ruins of the Disibodenberg; the flourishing present-day St. Hildegard Abbey; Trier (where Hildegard's visions were recognized by the Pope in 1148); 12th century Eberbach (an abbey that helped preserve the memory of Hildegard despite centuries of brutal wars), and Hildegard's beloved rivers, the tiny Nahe and the mighty Rhine with Roman ruins and lowering castles still lining its banks. Scholars interviewed on camera about Hildegard's life and surprising times include Barbara Newman, authority on Hildegard's theology of the feminine; Monika Klaes, specialist on Hildegard's bold letters; Irmgard Müller, world expert on Hildegard's herbal and medical work; and Franz Staab, author of a biography of Hildegard based on newly discovered 12th-century manuscripts.

12. Hildegard Of Bingen hildegard of bingen 10981179. Strictly speaking, she is not a canonised saint. the process begun in the 13th/14th centuries was never formally completed. http://www.hullp.demon.co.uk/SacredHeart/saint/HildegardofBingen.htm

SACRED HEART PARISH Waterlooville A SAINT FOR THE WEEK September 17th. Hildegard of Bingen [1098-1179]. Strictly speaking, she is not a canonised saint. the process begun in the 13th/14th centuries was never formally completed. But to all intents and purposes, she is seen as one. At the present time, with the wave of interest in mysticism, feminism and the cult of the 'all-round person', Hildegard is enjoying, along with that other remarkable mystic woman Julian of Norwich, a possibly unexpected popularity.

13. Hildegard Of Bingen At Erratic Impact's Philosophy Research Base hildegard of bingen at Erratic Impact s Philosophy Research Base. Resources include thousands of annotated links and text resources for Medieval Philosophy http://www.erraticimpact.com/~medieval/html/hildegard_of_bingen.htm

Medieval Index New Book Search Early Medieval High Medieval ... Robert Grosseteste Hildegard of Bingen John Duns Scotus John of Salisbury John Scotus Eriugena Justin Martyr ... Hildegard of Bingen: On Natural Philosophy and Medicine by Hildegard of Bingen Hildegard of Bingen, 1098-1179 : A Visionary Life by Sabina Flanagan Hildegard of Bingen : Inspired Conscience of the Twelfth Century by Regine Pernoud Hildegard of Bingen Online Resources Texts: Hildegard of Bingen Texts: Medieval Women Used Books: Hildegard of Bingen ... Know of a Resource? Hildegard of Bingen, 1098-1179 : A Visionary Life by Sabina Flanagan Drawing on contemporary sources, the text unfolds Hildegard's life from the time of her entrance into an anchoress's cell to her death as a famed visionary and writer, abbess and confidante of popes and kings, more than seventy years later. Against this background the author explores Hildegard's vast creative work, encompassing theology, medicine, natural history, poetry, and music. This new edition includes: a new preface, additions to the biographical sections which reveal new discoveries about Hildegard's life, updated references to the latest critical material on Hildegard's writings, and a new bibliography and discography. It is the great virtue of Sabina Flanagan's cool, scholarly, and reflective biography that it sets her story so firmly in her own age....A woman of electrifying visionary power, fascinating, often enigmatic and clearly of great presence, she was also a woman with a will and prejudices of her own....It is as such, wrinkles and all, that Sabina Flanagan presents her to us, and we must be grateful for the historical balance of her picture."

14. Hildegard Von Bingen: A Who2 Profile hildegard of bingen began having visions as a child, but it wasn t until she was in her forties that her revelations in Christianity made her turn to http://www.who2.com/hildegardvonbingen.html

@import url("http://www.who2.com/css/standard_gamma.css"); Find Famous People Fast! Who2 FAQ Who2 Blog For Students Contact Who2 Browse by Name: A B C D ... Z Hildegard von Bingen Catholic Nun Composer Religious Figure Hildegard of Bingen began having visions as a child, but it wasn't until she was in her forties that her revelations in Christianity made her turn to composing. She founded convents and wrote plays, liturgies and hymns in praise of saints. Incredibly prolific, she was also considered a healer and early theologian and she was venerated in the church. Her compositions continue to be performed and recorded today. Four Good Links The Life and Works of Hildegard von Bingen Good details and a select bibliography Hildegard von Bingen Lyrics In Latin and English, plus with some Hildegard Web links Hildegard von Bingen Links Jumping off spot for further research St. Hildegard Detailed Catholic Encyclopedia bio Vital Stats Birth Birthplace Nahe Germany Death September Best Known As Medieval prophet, healer and composer

15. Hildegard Of Bingen Hildegard von Bingen. 11000 Virgins Chants for the Feast of St. Ursula. CD. Perf. Anonymous 4. Harmonia Mundi / BMG Music, 1997. HMU 907200. http://www.wsu.edu/~delahoyd/medieval/hildegard.html

Dr. Michael Delahoyde Washington State University HILDEGARD OF BINGEN Hildegard's Illuminations Hildegard's Music Hildegard was born in 1098, the tenth and last child of apparently noble parents in Mainz. They offered her to God as tithe, acording to her biographer/secretary. Precarious health and a visionary gift were obvious from age three, when she experienced a "brightness so great that [her] soul trembled." She was able to tell the color of a calf still in the womb. In 1106 Hildegard became a companion of Jutta von Sponheim, a noblewoman who rejected offers of marriage in favor of the Benedictine cloister where she became anchoress, obliged to remain in her cell until death. The Benedictines taught elementary reading and singing in Latin; the primer was the Psalter. Hildegard continued her education with Volmer of Saint Disibod, a monk not much older than Hildegard a man who became her secretary and lifelong friend. In 1136 at Jutta's death, she became the replacement abbess at the double monastery. Although she had been reluctant to acknowledge such experiences, in 1141 Hildegard had a blinding vision with a divine call to "tell and write." She began composing music in 1140s;

16. HILDEGARD Of Bingen: Cosmic Christ, Religion Of Experience, God The Mother -- Pa Hildegard s gifts for our times might include her appreciation of the goodness of creation. http://www.sol.com.au/kor/5_02.htm

HILDEGARD of Bingen: Cosmic Christ, Religion of Experience, God the Mother It is appropriate to remember Hildegard with light imagery since that is how she describes her spiritual awakening (see Vision Two below) . "When I was forty-two years and seven months old, a burning light of tremendous brightness coming from heaven poured into my entire mind. Like a flame that does not burn but enkindles, it inflamed my entire heart and my entire breast, just like the sun that warms an object with its rays" What did this illumination do for Hildegard? "All of a sudden, I was able to taste of the understanding of the narration of books. I saw the Psalter clearly and the evangelists and other catholic books of the Old and New Testaments." Hildegard was overcome by this experience of intuition, connection-making, and insight and went to bed sick. It was when she "placed my hand to writing" that she received new strength, got out of bed, and spent the following ten years writing her first book called Scivias. Hildegard's teaching forced people to "wake up," take responsibility, make choices. Prophets "illuminate the darkness,' she tells us. They are the people who can say "God has illuminated me in both my eyes. By them I behold the splendor of light in the darkness. Through them I can choose the path I am to travel, whether I wish to be sighted or blind by recognising what guide to call upon by day or by night.'' Here we learn the title of her book Scivias, which means "Know the Ways." Hildegard means "know the wise ways as distinct from the foolish ways." People who follow the ways of wisdom "will themselves become a fountain gushing from the waters of life ... For these waters - that is, the believers - are a spring that can never be exhausted or run dry. No one will ever have too much of them . . . the waters through which we have been reborn to life have been sprinkled by the Holy Spirit."

17. Fine And Applied Arts We will look at the illuminations of hildegard of bingen within their cultural and theological context. In this unit, we will look at Hildegard s use of http://www.faculty.de.gcsu.edu/~dvess/ids/fap/hildegard.htm

HILDEGARD OF BINGEN (1098-1179) by Dr. Deborah Vess Director of Interdisciplinary Studies Associate Professor of History unit summary: We will look at the illuminations of Hildegard of Bingen within their cultural and theological context. In this unit, we will look at Hildegard's use of color and shape to convey a feminine vision of the Divine. Background: Who was Hildegard of Bingen? Hildegard was an abbess, prophetess, poet, healer, theologian, and musician. She was born in one of the most innovative and creative centuries of the Middle Ages, and is herself symbolic of the apex of medieval culture. One of the most educated, prolific women of all time, she preached against heresy and corruption, wrote massive works on medicine and visionary theology, was a prolific and highly original composer, and commanded the respect of an entire continent. Although she called herself but a "simple creature," and "a poor little womanly creature," she was known to others in her age as the Sibyl of the Rhine and Old Wrinklegard. The tenth child of a noble family, Hildegard was given by her parents to the monastery of Disibodenberg, a cloistered community of men and women, when she was seven or eight years old. When her mentor died in 1136, she was unanimously elected abbess of the community. Twelve years later, she broke from the male monastery and established a convent near Bingen known as Rupertsberg. In an era when female communities were progressively dominated by their male counterparts, Hildegard fought for the independence of her community by seeking the protection of the Archbishop of Mainz and the Emperor Frederick Barbarosa. Under her leadership, the community became economically successful. In 1165 she established a sister community of Eibingen on the other side of the Rhine from Rupertsberg.

18. Hildegard Of Bingen Biography. Download Classical Music By Hildegard Of Bingen hildegard of bingen (1098 1179) Classical music and classical hit collection. Compilations of Hildegard of Bingen classics and listen to its finest http://www.naxos.com/composerinfo/bio23320.htm

The World's Leading Classical Music Label Naxos Worldwide Sites: Choose Country Global Site Australia Canada China Denmark Finland France Germany Hong Kong Japan Korea New Zealand Norway Sweden UK USA E-mail Password New Releases Artists Composers Labels ... H HILDEGARD OF BINGEN BIOGRAPHY Abbess of Rupertsberg, which she herself founded, Hildegard of Bingen held an important position as a religious, a mystic, a diplomat, a writer on a wide variety of subjects and a composer. A visionary, she was highly respected, her advice widely sought by the powerful in church and state. As a poet she writes in a style replete with colourful imagery, as in her books of visions. Religious Music The music of Hildegard of Bingen is contained in her Symphonia armonie celestium revelationum (Symphonic Harmony of Celestial Revelations), the Latin texts dealing with the hierarchy of Heaven, from God, Father and Son to Confessors, Virgins and Innocents. Her monophonic musical language is based on a number of varied melodic formulae. Her morality play Ordo virtutum (Order of Virtues), written some 150 years after the Terentian verse plays of the nun Hrotswitha of Gandersheim, also includes music of a simpler and more syllabic kind. ADORATE DEUM - MYSTIC CHANTS OF THE MIDDLE AGES Choral - Sacred ENKELIN AANIN (Angel's Voices) Choral - Sacred KRONOS QUARTET - In Accord (PAL) Classical Documentary MYSTIC VOICES - Divine Music from the Heavens Choral - Sacred HILDEGARD VON BINGEN: Heavenly Revelations Vocal, Choral - Sacred

19. St. Hildegard Of Bingen - Catholic Online St. hildegard of bingen. Feastday September 17 10981179. Benedictine abbess and mystic called “the Sybil of the Rhine.” She was born in Bockelheim, http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=3777

20. New Page 2 References to and quotations from Hildegard s works are taken from hildegard of bingen Mystical Writings, edited and introduced by Fiona Bowie and Oliver http://www.mala.bc.ca/~johnstoi/introser/hildegard.htm

Lecture on Hildegard of Bingen [The following lecture has been prepared by Ian Johnston of Malaspina University-College, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada, for students in Liberal Studies. This material is in the public domain and may be used, in whole or in part, by anyone without permission and without charge, provided the source is acknowledge. Last revised December 2001. For comments, corrections, and so on, please contact Ian Johnston [References to and quotations from Hildegard's works are taken from Hildegard of Bingen: Mystical Writings, edited and introduced by Fiona Bowie and Oliver Davies, with new translations by Robert Carver, NY: Crossroads, 1992] Introduction This course is called Introduction to Ways of Knowing, and this week we are exploring a very special way of knowing about the world and things beyond, namely a mystical basis for knowledge as that manifests itself in some selections from a very famous medieval mystic, Hildegard of Bingen. As you may know, Hildegard was a very remarkable woman who lived in the Middle Ages, in the eleventh century, and became famous as a mystic, writer, painter, musician, and church official. She also was keenly interested in observations of the natural world and speculations about natural events. In recent years, she has been rediscovered, and is more famous than ever (as a check of the web sites devoted to her life and work reveals). However, before looking at some specific sections of Hildegard, I'd like to offer a few general comments by way of clarifying what we mean by that phrase "mystical way of knowing," especially in comparison with other ways of knowing about the world, those we have already encountered and others.

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