21. Minimizing Hay Losses And Waste This is often appropriate when the hay will be fed to animals with lower nutrient .. Cattle will waste less hay when the amount fed is limited (Table 5). http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/pubs/ansci/range/as1190w.htm

Minimizing Hay Losses and Waste AS-1190 , March 2000 Randy Gaebe , Former Extension Agent, Bowman County Greg Lardy , Beef Cattle Specialist, Fargo Karl Hoppe , Area Livestock Specialist, Carrington Introduction Match Hay Type and Harvest Date to Nutrient Requirements of Livestock Reducing Harvest Losses Reducing Storage Losses ... Summary Hay harvest involves losses in dry matter and quality. These losses occur during all phases of getting the hay from the field to the livestock harvest, storage, and feeding. Hay is harvested, stored, and fed under a wide variety of conditions that influence both its yield and feed value. High quality hay is useful in diets for livestock with high nutrient requirements such as dairy cattle, growing and finishing beef cattle, lambs, and working horses. Excellent hay management is required to produce the hay needed by these livestock. High quality hay can be used as a supplement for lower quality forages, such as straw. Lower quality hay should be used for livestock that have lower nutrient requirements, such as gestating beef cows. Hay that is of very low quality will not only need supplementation when fed but will be subject to more refusal when feeding. Figure 1. Allocation of hays to various classes of livestock based on relative feed value (RFV).

22. What To Compost Grass hay will probably contain a lot of seed, which can resprout in your garden. Alfalfa hay will compost very readily. The greener the hay, http://vegweb.com/composting/what.shtml

/*********************************************** * Drop Down Tabs Menu- (c) Dynamic Drive DHTML code library (www.dynamicdrive.com) * This notice MUST stay intact for legal use * Visit Dynamic Drive at http://www.dynamicdrive.com/ for full source code ***********************************************/ VegWeb.com Recipes Swap Articles ... Product Reviews VegLinks VegFriends Recipes by Category All Recipes New Recipes ... My Subscription //SYNTAX: tabdropdown.init("menu_id", [integer OR "auto"]) tabdropdown.init("glowmenu", "auto") Advanced Search Welcome Guest Username: Password: 1 Hour 1 Day 1 Week 1 Month Forever Click here to register. Forgot your password? Users Online 162 Guests, 4 Users (1 Hidden) dodo Sign up for our Free Email Newsletters Vita-Mix Super 5000 Free Standard Shipping with code: 06-001345 Help support your favorite vegan, vegetarian or animal rights org with Animal Checks Veggie Places Vegetarian Restaurant and Hotel Guide Natural Affiliates ... Compost Guide - Composting Fundamentals What to Compost Introduction to Composting How to Compost What to Compost What NOT to Compost ... Contribute an article on composting A great variety of things can be composted at home, saving them from a one-way trip to the landfill, and turning them into a valuable soil amendment for home use. This list describes some of the items you may want to add to your home compost pile. You may want to read about

23. Annual Hay Show Judging of hay will be Wednesday evening, August 29, 2007 at 100 p.m., All hay will become the property of the Schulenburg Young Farmers and will be http://www.fayettecountyfair.org/hay_show.htm

2007 Fayette County Fair August 30 - September 2, 2007 La Grange, Texas This year's fair theme is "Egyptian Mystique" Exhibitor/Vendor Forms //new fadeshow(IMAGES_ARRAY_NAME, slideshow_width, slideshow_height, borderwidth, delay, pause (0=no, 1=yes), optionalRandomOrder) new fadeshow(fadeimages, 113, 79, 0, 3000, 1, "R") //new fadeshow(IMAGES_ARRAY_NAME, slideshow_width, slideshow_height, borderwidth, delay, pause (0=no, 1=yes), optionalRandomOrder) new fadeshow(fadeimages2, 113, 79, 0, 3000, 1, "R") //new fadeshow(IMAGES_ARRAY_NAME, slideshow_width, slideshow_height, borderwidth, delay, pause (0=no, 1=yes), optionalRandomOrder) new fadeshow(fadeimages3, 113, 79, 0, 3000, 1, "R") //new fadeshow(IMAGES_ARRAY_NAME, slideshow_width, slideshow_height, borderwidth, delay, pause (0=no, 1=yes), optionalRandomOrder) new fadeshow(fadeimages4, 113, 79, 0, 3000, 1, "R") Home General Information Contact Us Site Map ... Colgate Country Showdown Schulenburg Young Farmers 40th Annual Hay Show Held in conjunction with the 2007 Fayette County Fair.

24. Provincial Hay Marketers And Processors Will you have certified organic hay for sale this year? Using smell, color, texture and the feed analysis to choose hay will result in making the best http://mbforagecouncil.mb.ca/foragehaymarketing/provincialhaymarketersandprocess

@import url(/_css/default_print.css); Manitoba Forage Council Contact Us Links Search Provincial Hay Marketers and Processors Provincial Hay Marketers and Processors Hay Transport Information Hay Auction Marts The following links provide listings of Manitoba producers and processors who market forage, hay and/or forage and hay products and ship across Manitoba and into Western Canada and the United States. Click on the following listings to find some premium Manitoba hay. Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Initiatives' Manitoba Hay Listing Service. Go to the Manitoba Hay Listing. Download the list you need (pdf ) or read the information below. 2007 (September) Manitoba Export Hay Directory 2006 Manitoba Horse Hay Information and Directory Organic Hay Listing Service Will you have certified organic hay for sale this year? The Manitoba Hay Listing service operated by MAFRI now has a separate category for organic hay, straw, silage and greenfeed. Pasture is NOT included on the list. Take a look at this webpage How do you add your product to the list?

25. Haying FAQ A light cutting of grass hay will dry in one good hot day. The innoculated hay is palatable but salty; you will need to provide extra water for your http://www.sheepscreek.com/rural/hay.html

Haying FAQ http://www.sheepscreek.com/rural/haying.html The most important invention of the last two thousand years was hay. In the classical world of Greece and Rome and in all earlier times, there was no hay. Civilization could exist only in warm climates where horses could stay alive through the winter by grazing. Without grass in winter you could not have horses, and without horses you could not have urban civilization. Some time during the so-called dark ages, some unknown genius invented hay, forests were turned into meadows, hay was reaped and stored, and civilization moved north over the Alps. So hay gave birth to Vienna and Paris and London and Berlin, and later to Moscow and New York. Why grow hay? I can pick up all I need at $2/bale in the field. There are at least four good reasons to grow hay: control over the quality of the feed you give your livestock; to cut down on feed costs; because you don't want your meadows and fields to revert to woods, jungle, or desert; as a business. Hay as a business is complicated and risky, requiring large outlays for equipment and labor, and a steady market. When you're buying, good hay seems scarce and expensive; when you're selling, there always seems to be a glut. There is an

26. Hay And Feeding Advice For Livestock Owners - Hobby Farms If buying grass hay, maturity at harvest will also make a difference in its Whether you feed grass or legume hay will depend primarily on what is http://www.hobbyfarms.com/crops-and-gardening/hay-feeding-14792.aspx

Hay is the mainstay diet for our livestock. Learn the intricacies of hay types, nutritional content and quality before purchasing your next load. By Heather Smith Thomas About the Author Heather Smith Thomas is based on her ranch in Salmon, Idaho, and has written many books on livestock. During the cold winter months when pastures contain scant forage, hay is the typical diet for cattle, horses, sheep and goats. Next to pasture, good quality hay is the ideal feed. However, there are significant differences in the variety, quality and availability of hay, which can make feeding your livestock a time-consuming chore. In this article... Animal Feeding Tips Nutritional Value of Hay Caring for Your Pastures Hay for Horses ... Storing Hay for Feed More Articles on Hay Making Your Own Hay Hay Shortage Coping Tips But with some planning, feeding hay during the winter months can be a simple and efficient alternative while waiting the return of spring's lush pastures. Hay falls into several categories: grass, legume, mixed (grass and legume) and cereal grain straw (such as oat hay). Some of the more common grass hays include timothy, brome, orchard grass and bluegrass. In some parts of the country fescue, reed canary grass, ryegrass and Sudan grass are common. In northern parts of the United States, timothy is widely grown because it tolerates cold weather and grows early in spring. It does not do well in hot climates, however. In central and southern parts of the country you are more apt to find coastal Bermuda grass, brome or orchard grass because these tolerate heat and humidity better.

27. Making Good Quality Hay Pays Producing quality hay will make (save) the livestock producer money. Feeding the maximum possible nutrient density in the form of hay will minimize the http://www.ext.vt.edu/news/periodicals/fmu/2001-02/haypays.html

Making Good Quality Hay Pays Farm Business Management Update, February 2001 By Jack Dunford The ultimate test of hay quality is animal performance. Quality can be considered satisfactory when animals consuming the hay give the desired performance. Three factors influencing animal performance are (1) consumption - hay must be palatable; (2) digestibility and nutrient content - the hay must be digested to be converted to animal products; and (3) toxicisity factors - high quality hay must be free of components which are harmful to animals. Table 1 illustrates some important points about Virginia forages and supplementation. First, it pays to make good hay. Notice that most of the hays that were made at the right time - boot stage to early bloom - meet or exceed most of the cow's requirements. Second, ENERGY is the nutrient that most often needs to be supplemented with cool-season hays like fescue and orchardgrass. Warm-season grasses and silage more likely will need protein supplementation. Table 1. Comparison of Cow Nutrient Requirement to Forage Analysis

28. Horse Hay: Making Hay By Cherry Hill Therefore, third cut hay will usually have the highest nutritive value. Horses which are not accustomed to a good, leafy hay may experience flatulent http://www.horsekeeping.com/horse_care/making_hay.htm

MAKING HAY from Cherry Hill Home Site Map About Articles ... Horse Health Care © 1998 Cherry Hill www.horsekeeping.com When shown a bale of premium hay and one of poor quality, most horsemen would have little difficulty deciding which bale they would like to take home and feed to their horses. But since the average bale of hay has one or more defects and because the hay-buyer's budget enters into the picture, choosing hay, in actuality, is often not so easy. The many factors which should be considered when selecting hay all relate directly to the growing and harvesting of the hay. Understanding the hay-making process from the ground up can help you make wise decisions when it comes to buying your winter supply of hay. Making premium hay is both an art and a science. While much of the success of a hay field can be attributed to such technical factors as seed selection and fertilization, the critical moments of when to mow and bale require somewhat of a sixth sense. Luck, especially with the weather, also plays a large part in making good hay. The story of the hay in your horse's feeder may have started two to three years ago when a field was prepared and seeded. Often hay is used in rotation with other crops such as corn or barley. Such grains deplete the soil of its nitrogen and legume hays, such as alfalfa, add necessary nitrogen back to the soil. This rejuvenating effect, along with the fact that premium hay is a good cash crop, makes alfalfa a very popular hay with farmers.

29. Hay Exposure to sunlight will destroy some vitamins in the hay, Mail order hay will cost $1 $4 per pound for the hay and shipping can double that cost. http://www.carrotcafe.com/f/hay.html

Home Technical Stuff Diets Edibles ... About Hay Water Treats Pellets Pellet Brands ... Commercial Treats Hay What is hay? Hay is, very simply, dried plant material. There are two general classes of hay: grass and legume. Grass hay is made by drying any one of a number of grasses and is easily identified by its long thin leaves surrounding a central stalk. Legume or lucern hay is commonly made from alfalfa or clover. It looks more our leafed clover) than grass. Why feed hay to my rabbit? Hay is a good source of fiber, some minerals and some energy (calories). For house rabbits, hay is generally used as a low calorie source of fiber. Rabbits are grazers and browsers; in the wild they eat small meals throughout the day. Feeding hay allows a bunny to graze as she would in the wild without gaining weight as grazing on high calorie foods like pellets. The digestive tract of rabbits evolved to process large amounts of high fiber foods very quickly. Feeding too little high fiber food causes digestive (gastro-intestinal) tract problems. Many of these problems can be avoided or minimized by providing free choice grass hay. How do I store hay?

30. IB311 The Dollars And Sense Of Hay Production Efficient systems of grazing and hay production will provide the basis of After baling and during proper storage, hay will dry down during inside http://msucares.com/pubs/infobulletins/ib0311.htm

THE DOLLARS AND SENSE OF HAY PRODUCTION Information Bulletin 311 December 1996 Donald E. Pogue Dairy Scientist and Assistant Superintendent North Mississippi Branch Experiment Station Roscoe L. Ivy Agronomist Prairie Research Unit Richard R. Evans Animal Scientist and Superintendent Prairie Research Unit C. Pat Bagley Animal Scientist and Head North Mississippi Research and Extension Center Introduction Forages That Can Be Used to Produce High Quality Hay Soil Fertility as it Influences Forage Production and Maintenance Factors Affecting Hay Quality ... References Introduction Hay is the primary feed source for cattle during the winter. The quality of hay is dependent upon harvesting a high-quality forage, and the proper management through baling, storage, and feeding. Hay losses from baling to feeding can range from 5% to 65%. A review of the economic value of this nation's cattle industry makes clear the importance of producing high quality hay and minimizing losses. Based upon these trends, the future of beef, dairy products, and the forages cattle utilize as major nutrient resources appears quite positive. However, in a global market, there will be increasing pressure to maintain a low cost of production. Efficient systems of grazing and hay production will provide the basis of cost-efficient livestock production.

31. BookCloseouts.com - The Bestseller In Bargain Books Home Soft hay will Catch You Poems by Young People Soft hay will Catch You Poems by Young People. Click here to enlarge the cover image http://www.bookcloseouts.com/default.asp?R=9780689834608S

32. Hay In Art Hayana. The hay will make an 18 to 20-day journey on the Inland Waterway System to the Port of Muskogee, Okla., where the hay will be offloaded and distributed to http://www.hayinart.com/000427.html

33. The Haymarket Homepage when the hay will be available tested; if yes, the CP and RFV . Will haul hay back to NE, E COAST, SE, and anywhere east of MS river. excellent alfalfa http://www.case-agworld.com/cAw.HM.html

The Haymarket To my Haymarket customers: I will be away from this computer for the month of Feb, 2008. Please send your ads again starting in March. These ads are free; tell your neighbors. Listings are by region in continental North America. If you want to be listed, do so in the following format: Location (County, State) I have for sale / I wish to buy quantity (bales or tons), type (alfalfa,grass,mixed,etc.) unit size (large round, small square, etc.), binding material price in the field, price in the barn, or the price delivered whether or not delivery is available, and the quantity deliverable whether the bales are stored in a barn, out in the field, wrapped or not when the hay will be available tested; if yes, the CP and RFV Telephone, Fax, E-mail address If you have the same service, or produce the same crop every year, such as alfalfa, specify "do not remove this listing" Note! I will no longer list ads that do not specify a location or region. Due to job responsibilities, I have only a limited amount of time to post these ads. Please be patient! DO NOT send files or file attachments. Your ad must be in the body of your e-mail.

34. Hay Preservatives, AGF-013-92 Rainfall on mown hay will significantly lower forage nutrient content. Shortening the field curing time frequently reduces the risk from precipitation. http://ohioline.osu.edu/agf-fact/0013.html

Ohio State University Extension Department of Horticulture and Crop Science 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1044 Hay Preservatives AGF-013-92 Rainfall on mown hay will significantly lower forage nutrient content. Shortening the field curing time frequently reduces the risk from precipitation. Mechanical conditioning of freshly cut forage now is widely utilized to hasten field drying. Two additional approaches also can be considered to further reduce hay curing time. These are: treatment of legume forages with drying agents as discussed in Agronomy Fact Sheet AGF-011 (Chemical Drying Agents in Harvesting Legume Hay) and the use of a hay preservative as described in this Agronomy Fact Sheet. Unlike drying agents, hay preservatives are not restricted to legume forage; they also can be used on grass and grass-legume mixtures. Preservatives work by inhibiting or reducing the growth of aerobic microbes in moist hay. Without microbial growth, heating and the subsequent depression in digestibility does not occur. Most hay preservatives do not improve nutritional quality of the forage, but merely prevent the decline in quality caused by heat buildup from excessive aerobic microbial action. Chemicals and Application Procedures Applying the proper amount of ammonia is extremely important. Application rates below about .8% (dry matter basis) are much less effective than the 1% rate. Applying more than 1% ammonia to high quality forages can result in the formation of an unknown toxic compound. Animals consuming ammoniated high quality forage often exhibit hyperexcitability followed by death. The toxin is transferred into milk, so nursing calves and lambs also are susceptible to the toxin.

35. News 14 | 24 Hour Local News | STORY LINKS | State Helps Livestock Owners Buy Ha “We re not sure exactly what the price of hay will be when we get it here,” explained Steve Troxler, Commissioner of the NC Department of Agriculture. http://news14.com/content/story_links/590979/state-helps-livestock-owners-buy-ha

TOP STORIES HEADLINES News14Cast How To LOCAL NEWS ... SEARCH State helps livestock owners buy hay 12/20/2007 06:17 PM By: Heather Moore Drought Woes Livestock owners say the situation is now so desperate, many of them are having to get rid of some of their animals, simply because they can't afford to feed them. NORTH CAROLINA Livestock owners in North Carolina say they're in a state of emergency. The drought has made hay for feeding animals almost scarce, and the hay that is available cost more than most livestock owners can afford. Carol Dalenko has 23 horses. To her, they’re not just animals, they're family. Since the drought dried up her pastures and drove up the cost of hay, she’s worried about how she’ll keep her family fed. “It's past their time to be fed this morning,” Dalenko said standing among her horses in a pasture. “They're all waiting around here to be fed because there's nothing out there for them to nibble on.” And like any Mom, Dalenko puts her four-legged “kids” first. “They'll eat before I do,” she said.

36. Geoorge Hay — Joel Hay : ZoomInfo Business People Information Hay, Jay, Liberal Kids, hay will serve a three year term while Harrison and Boles Hay, Jean, Warringah Mall, Jean Hay the Mayor of Manly will be invited http://www.zoominfo.com/people/level2page16954.aspx

var biz_data = ""; ZoomSearchBox.init(1, ''); Welcome, Guest Register Sign in Help Welcome to the ZoomInfo People Directory Find the person you're searching for in the list below and click on their name for more detailed information. Or use the search box above to explore our entire directory of over 30 million business professionals. Can't find yourself in ZoomInfo? Create your own profile now. var biz_data = ""; Hay, Geoorge Cornell University Geoorge A. Hay , Consultant, is the ... at Cornell ... Hay, Geordie Rathven George Hay 1729-1811 - Bishop and Vicar-Apostolic of the Lowland Area. In the days of the penal laws, before the restoration ... Hay, George AeroVironment , Inc. George Hay AeroVironment - Geohay3@aol.com Hay, George AV Books Inc It's by AV Books founder George Hay , who's hoping to make deals for other books with major publishers, educational outlets ... Hay, George Building George Hay ... Tel: 020 7560 4145 ghay@cmpinformation.com Hay, George Cornell University George Hay , Professor of Economics and Law, Cornell Hay, George

37. Spontaneous Combustion And Hay Fires Dry ice, liquid nitrogen or carbon dioxide gas pumped into the hay will prevent combustion by eliminating the oxygen from the hay mass. http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/livestock/dairy/facts/hayfires.htm

Spontaneous Combustion and Hay Fires Author: Harold House - Dairy and Beef Structures and Equipment Specialist/OMAFRA Creation Date: July 1998 Last Reviewed: July 1998 Lives have been lost and hay crops destroyed because of fires caused by spontaneous combustion. This year has been particularly bad for hay heating due to the hot humid weather. If the hay crop is put into the mow above 20-25% moisture content, spontaneous combustion may occur. Check your hay regularly. If you detect a slight caramel odour or a distinct musty smell, chances are your hay is heating. What do you do if you suspect that your hay is heating? First of all, make yourself a simple probe that can be inserted into the hay mass to check the temperature. A probe can be made from a 10 foot piece of electrical tubing. Rivet a hardwood pointed dowel to one end and drill 8 - 3/16 inch diameter holes in the tube just above the dowel. Drive the probe into the hay mass and lower a candy thermometer on a long string into the probe. The thermometer should be left for 10 minutes to ensure an accurate reading. Watch for the following temperatures: Entering the Danger Zone.

38. Hay For Sale - NCDA&CS - Hay Alert Type of Hay Soybean Hay Size of Bale 5 x 4 Round Bales Quantity Available 15 Price $50 Comments hay will be available for pick up October 25th http://www.ncagr.com/hayalert/Advanced_HaySellers.asp?County=moore

39. News Story | Virginia Tech News | Virginia Tech According to Thomason, not replacing the large amounts of nutrients removed by hay will lead to reduced yield, vigor, and persistence in even the best http://www.vtnews.vt.edu/story.php?relyear=2005&itemno=1152

40. All Hay All hay is sold on a 1st come/1st serve basis. No hay will be reserved We are now taking contracts for 2008 hay. At this time of year you will have your http://www.bid4hay.com/index/listings/category196.htm

sendReq('close', ''); www.bid4hay.com Login How it Works Seller Features Buyer Features ... Register Welcome: Guest Quick Search Advanced Search Categories All Hay Announcements Antiques Automobiles ... Search: All Hay Current Category: Main > All Hay Alfalfa Alfalfa/Clover Barley Hay Bermuda ... All Other Featured Classifieds in All Hay [ browse by text ] [ browse by pic ] Photo Title Description % Protein % TDN RFV State ... CONTRACT FOR 2008 HAY NOW! We are now taking contracts for 2008 hay. At this time of year you will have your choice of bale size and hay type with guaranteed availability and pricing. 2008 Consignments 7000 tons of irrigated Alfalfa/Grass in 3x4 bales, or if you contract early enough you will have the option of small squares. 400 tons of Timothy (90%)/Brome(10%) in 3x4 Bales or if you contract early enough you will have the option of small squares 3000 small squares of Alfalfa/Orchard (14x18 615 bales per truckload) 3400 small squares of Alfalfa (14x18 615 bales per truckload) 500 tons Alfalfa/Timothy/Brome in 3x4 bales Please visit our website www.montanacutomhay.com

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