1. Aphra Behn - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Aphra Behn (July 10, 1640 – April 16, 1689) was a prolific dramatist of the Restoration and was one of the first English professional female writers. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphra_Behn

Aphra Behn From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Portrait of Aphra Behn, aged approximately 30, by Mary Beale Aphra Behn July 10 April 16 ) was a prolific dramatist of the Restoration and was one of the first English professional female writers . Her writing participated in the amatory fiction genre of British literature. Contents Early life Life in England, writing career, work as a spy Status among other writers throughout history Quotes of Aphra Behn ... edit Early life The personal history of Aphra Behn, one of the first Englishwomen credited to earn their livelihood by authorship , is unusually interesting but very difficult to unravel and relate. Information regarding her, especially her early life, is scant, but she was almost certainly born in Wye , near Canterbury , on July 10 to Bartholomew Johnson, a barber, and Elizabeth Denham. The two were married in 1638 and Aphra, or Eaffry , was baptized on December 14 . Elizabeth Denham was employed as a nurse to the wealthy Colepeper family, who lived locally, which means that it is likely that Behn grew up with and spent time with the family's children. The younger child, Thomas Colepeper , later described Behn as his foster sister.

2. Aphra Behn Aphra Behn, perhaps the first professional English woman author, was born Aphra Johnson near Canterbury, England in 1640. She was the daughter of an http://www.distinguishedwomen.com/biographies/behn.html

Distinguished Women of Past and Present First Page Name Index Subject Index Related Sites ... Search Aphra Behn Aphra Behn, perhaps the first professional English woman author, was born Aphra Johnson near Canterbury, England in 1640. She was the daughter of an innkeeper and as a child she was taken to Surinam, West Indies. While there, she met an enslaved Negro prince, Oroonoko, who was the basis for a novel she wrote later. She returned to England between 1658 and 1663 and married a merchant named Behn but was widowed after three years of marriage. In the meantime, she had entered court circles and was employed as a spy at Antwerp for King Charles II in the war against the Dutch (1665-1667). She provided political and naval information to the English government, but was paid very little or not at all, and on her return to England was imprisoned briefly for debt. Aphra Behn had at some time previously acquired schooling in languages and in literature and soon turned to writing poetry, novels, and plays to earn a living. She wrote The Forced Marriage The Rover The Feigned Courtizans The City Heiress (1682). Her plays were very successful and were performed under royal patronage by the Duke's Theatre Company. In 1688, she published the novel

3. Aphra Behn --  Britannica Online Encyclopedia Britannica online encyclopedia article on Aphra Behn English dramatist, novelist, and poet who was the first Englishwoman known to earn her living by http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9014136/Aphra-Behn

var britAdCategory = "literature"; Already a member? LOGIN Encyclopædia Britannica - the Online Encyclopedia Home Blog Advocacy Board ... Free Trial Britannica Online Content Related to this Topic This Article's Table of Contents Aphra Behn Print this Table of Contents Shopping New! Britannica Book of the Year The Ultimate Review of 2007. 2007 Britannica Encyclopedia Set (32-Volume Set) Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. New! Britannica 2008 Ultimate DVD/CD-ROM The world's premier software reference source. Aphra Behn Page 1 of 1 born July 1640, Harbledown?, Kent, Eng. died April 16, 1689, London Aphra Behn. Hulton Archive/Getty Images English dramatist, novelist, and poet who was the first Englishwoman known to earn her living by writing. Behn, Aphra... (75 of 259 words) To read the full article, activate your FREE Trial Commonly Asked Questions About Aphra Behn Close Enable free complete viewings of Britannica premium articles when linked from your website or blog-post. Now readers of your website, blog-post, or any other web content can enjoy full access to this article on Aphra Behn , or any Britannica premium article for free, even those readers without a premium membership. Just copy the HTML code fragment provided below to create the link and then paste it within your web content. For more details about this feature, visit our Webmaster and Blogger Tools page Copy and paste this code into your page var dc_UnitID = 14; var dc_PublisherID = 15588; var dc_AdLinkColor = '009900'; var dc_adprod='ADL'; var dc_open_new_win = 'yes'; var dc_isBoldActive= 'no';

4. Behn Aphra Behn is buried in the East Cloister of Westminster Abbey, London. Aphra Behn is now famous for being the first woman to earn her living from http://www.poetsgraves.co.uk/behn.htm

Home Poets' Graves Search by Surname Search by Location Other Poets Maps of Poets' Graves Poetry Resources Poetry Forum Glossary Poetic Terms Classic Poems Poets Laureate UK ... Poetry Links Other Graves Writers Musicians Artists What's New on PG Related Site Literary Norfolk Aphra Behn 'Here lies a Proof that Wit can never be Defence enough against Mortality' Aphra Behn is buried in the East Cloister of Westminster Abbey, London. (See map...ref no. 7) Aphra Behn is now famous for being the first woman to earn her living from writing. She was a poet, playwright and novelist. In her early twenties she visited Surinam and on her return she married a merchant scaller Behn who died two year later. She later worked as a spy for Charles II during the Dutch War. Her most famous poem was a coronation ode to Charles II. The hero of her best known play, The Rover , was said to have been based on John Wilmot (Earl of Rochester) Her novel Oroonoko - the story of an enslaved African Prince - was one of the first anti-slavery works in the English Language.

5. Aphra Behn - Hutchinson Encyclopedia Article About Aphra Behn Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Aphra Behn. Aphra Behn. Information about Aphra Behn in the Hutchinson encyclopedia. http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/Aphra Behn

Domain='thefreedictionary.com' word='Behn, Aphra' Printer Friendly 762,455,674 visitors served. TheFreeDictionary Google Word / Article Starts with Ends with Text subscription: Dictionary/ thesaurus Medical dictionary Legal dictionary Financial dictionary Acronyms Idioms Encyclopedia Wikipedia encyclopedia Hutchinson encyclopedia Behn, Aphra (redirected from Aphra Behn Also found in: Encyclopedia Wikipedia 0.03 sec. write_ads(AdsNum, 0) Oroonoko (1688), based on her visit to Suriname, is an attack on slavery. Between 1670 and 1687 fifteen of her plays were produced, including The Forced Marriage (1670) and The Rover (1677). As in The Lucky Chance (1686), condemnation of forced and mercenary marriages was a recurring theme in her work. She had the patronage of James I and was employed as a government spy in Holland in 1666. Her writing is characterized by an earthy realism tinged with sentimentality, and a taste for the rare, exotic, and surprising. hut(3) write_ads(AdsNum, 0) Page tools Printer friendly Cite / link Email Feedback Sign in Email: Password: Register Charity('US') Your Ad Here Mentioned in References in periodicals archive No references found Among the dramatists whose work Meg reads is Aphra Behn , who had more than a dozen of her plays produced in the Restoration Period.

6. Aphra Behn - Wikiquote Aphra Behn, née Aphra Johnson (164007-10 – 1689-04-16) was a prolific Restoration dramatist and writer of amatory fiction. She was one of the first English http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Aphra_Behn

Aphra Behn From Wikiquote Jump to: navigation search Variety is the soul of pleasure. Aphra Behn , n©e Aphra Johnson ( ) was a prolific Restoration dramatist and writer of amatory fiction . She was one of the first English professional woman writers. edit Sourced No friend to Love like a long voyage at sea. The Rover , Part I , Act I, sc. ii (1677) There's no sinner like a young saint. The Rover, Part I , Act I, sc. ii Patience is a flatterer, sir, and an ass, sir. The Feigned Courtesans , Act III, sc. i (1679) Variety is the soul of pleasure. The Rover, Part II , Act I (1681) Come away; poverty's catching. The Rover, Part II , Act I Money speaks sense in a language all nations understand. The Rover, Part II , Act III, sc. i One hour of right-down love is worth an age of dully living on. The Rover, Part II , Act V A brave world, sir, full of religion, knavery, and change: we shall shortly see better days. The Roundheads Faith, sir, we are here today, and gone tomorrow. The Lucky Chance , Act IV (1686) Love ceases to be a pleasure when it ceases to be a secret. The Lover's Watch , "Four o'Clock General Conversation" (1686) Oh what a dear ravishing thing is the beginning of an Amour!

7. The Mediadrome - Poems Of The Week: Aphra Behn Aphra Behn Virginia Woolf (1882 – 1941), in her long essay A Room of One’s Own (1929) described the status of women and the difficulties encountered by http://www.themediadrome.com/content/articles/words_articles/poems_aphra_behn.ht

The Mediadrome Search WWW Poems of the Week: Aphra Behn by John Stringer Virginia Woolf (1882 – 1941), in her long essay A Room of One’s Own (1929) described the status of women and the difficulties encountered by women writers in a man’s world. In it, she says: "All women together ought to let flowers fall upon the tomb of Aphra Behn, which is, most scandalously but rather appropriately, in Westminster Abbey, for it was she who earned them the right to speak their minds. It is sheshady and amorous as she waswho makes it not quite fantastic for me to say to you tonight: Earn five hundred a year by your wits." Aphra was born in July, 1640, probably in Harbledown, a small town near Canterbury in the county of Kent in England. According to the Merriam-Webster Encyclopedia of Literature She had entered court circles (as they say), and was employed by King Charles II as a spy in Antwerp during the war against the Dutch (1665 – 1667). Her code name was ‘Astrea’ or Agent 160. According to one of the biographies of her, in this role “she successfully accomplished the objects of her mission; and in the latter end of 1666 she wormed out of one Van der Aalbert the design formed by De Ruyter, in conjunction with the DeWitts, of sailing up the Thames and burning the English ships in their harbours. This she communicated to the English court, but although the event proved her intelligence to have been well founded, it was at the time disregarded. Disgusted with political service, she returned to England.”

8. Aphra Behn@Everything2.com Aphra Behn died in either 1688 or 1689, and during the last part of her life, she was a very famous figure and activist in England. http://everything2.com/index.pl?node=Aphra Behn

9. Poetry Anthology - Aphra Behn Aphra Behn (16401689). The Disappointment Song Love Armed A Thousand Martyrs To the Fair Clarinda. http://www.web-books.com/classics/Poetry/Anthology/Behn/index.htm

Home Classic Literature Poetry Anthology Aphra Behn The Disappointment Song: Love Armed A Thousand Martyrs To the Fair Clarinda

10. The Aphra Behn Page aphra behn (16401689) was the first professional woman writer in English literature. The page contains a chronology of her life, essays and links to other http://www.lit-arts.net/Behn/

"... faith, Sir, we are here to Day, and gone to Morrow." Aphra Behn, The Lucky Chance The Aphra Behn Page "All women together ought to let flowers fall upon the tomb of Aphra Behn, which is, most scandalously but rather appropriately, in Westminster Abbey, for it was she who earned them the right to speak their minds. It is sheshady and amorous as she waswho makes it not quite fantastic for me to say to you tonight: Earn five hundred a year by your wits." Virginia Woolf A Room of One's Own Aphra Behn , the first professional woman writer in English, lived from 1640 to 1689. After John Dryden , she was the most prolific dramatist of the Restoration, but it is for her pioneering work in prose narrative that she achieved her place in literary history. The Aphra Behn Page Table of Contents Chronology of Aphra Behn's life and works Primary sources and related links Behn and racism Women in the Restoration theater ... and narrative authority (German) Aphra Behn and the impossibility of female authorship (German) Materials from a course on the early English novel (Universtiy of Freiburg 1997): Notes on the beginnings of the English novel Credibility and Realism in Daniel Defoe's Moll Flanders and Aphra Behn's ... Oroonoko (Anne-Kathrin Rochwalsky) For comments on this page, please contact

11. Aphra Behn - Author Of The Rover And Oroonoko Biography of aphra behn, the first professional female playwright, plus links to all of her works currently in print. http://www.imagi-nation.com/moonstruck/clsc17.htm

Aphra Behn Before becoming a professional writer, Aphra Behn was a professional spy for England, code-named "Astrea" or Agent 160. She was the first professional female writer in England, and for the first twenty years of her career, she was the only female playwright. It was rumored that she was James II's mistress. However, we know very little else about her life. The Restoration , as a period, was badly documented, and the institutions that did keep records, Oxford and Cambridge, the Inns of Court and the Middle Temple, excluded women from their ranks. So our understanding of Ms. Behn's life must depend on the writings she left behind, the voices of her characters, the repeated themes and expressions. Perhaps as a result of her one certain activity, espionage, Ms. Behn was fascinated with the entanglement of sex and power, both in the personal and political spheres. And because this was considered an inappropriate subject for a woman, she was, for centuries after her death, simply regarded as a smutty writer. The Marquis of Halifax went so far as to blame Behn for the oppression of other women when he remarked, "The unjustifiable freedom of some of your sex have involved the rest in the penalty of being reduced." In recent years, however, Ms. Behn has been rediscovered by a more liberal generation of readers and performers. Her plays are now read throughout the English-speaking world and are regarded not as vulgar sexploits, but rather as legitimate and sensual explorations of gender, race and class.

12. Aphra Behn (1640-1689) Website for the Restoration woman writer, author of Oroonoko. Biography, Works, Essays and Web Resources. http://www.luminarium.org/eightlit/behn/

Created by Anniina Jokinen on June 23, 2006.

13. Aphra Behn (1640-1689) A biography of British dramatist and novelist aphra behn. http://www.theatrehistory.com/british/behn001.html

APHRA BEHN This article was originally published in Encyclopedia Britannica, Eleventh Edition, Volume III . Anonymous. Cambridge: University Press, 1910. p. 657. BEHN, APHRA (otherwise AFRA, APHARA or AYFARA) (1640-1689), British dramatist and novelist, was baptized at Wye, Kent, in 1640. Her father, John Johnson, was a barber. While still a child she was taken out to Surinam, then an English possession, from which she returned to England in 1658, when it was handed over to the Dutch. In Surinam Aphra learned the history, and acquired personal knowledge of the African prince Oroonoko and his beloved Imoinda, whose adventures she has related in her novel, Oroonoko . On her return she married Mr. Behn, a London merchant of Dutch extraction. The wit and abilities of Mrs. Behn brought her into high estimation at court, andher husband having died by this timeCharles II employed her on secret service in the Netherlands during the Dutch war. At Antwerp she successfully accomplished the objects of her mission; and in the latter end of 1666 she wormed out of one Van der Aalbert the design formed by De Ruyter, in conjunction with the DeWitts, of sailing up the Thames and burning the English ships in their harbours. This she communicated to the English court, but although the event proved her intelligence to have been well founded, it was at the time disregarded. Disgusted with political service, she returned to England, and from this period she appears to have supported herself by her writings. Among her numerous plays are

14. Isle Of Lesbos: Poetry Of Aphra Behn Brief biographical information, the texts of two poems, and links to further resources. http://www.sappho.com/poetry/a_behn.html

Lesbian Poetry Historical Poetry Contemporary Poetry Resources for Poets and Readers Lesbian Poetry FAQ ... Historical : Aphra Behn Aphra Behn Aphra Behn ( 33k JPG image ), alleged by Vita Sackville-West to be the first women in England to earn a living as a writer, is a bit of a mystery. Little is known about her backgroundwho her parents were and where she was bornbut the details of her life that are known paint the portrait of an intriguing woman. Aphra lived for a time in Surinam, an experienced that inspired her first novel, Oroonoko, or The Royal Slave (1688). She was married for a short time and widowed at age 25. She secured employment as a spy for King Charles II and was sent to Belgium in this capacity. The King refused to pay her return trip, however, and after borrowing the funds to return, she was thrown into debtor's prison. After leaving prison, Aphra worked hard to make sure she was always capable of supporting herself. She became a successful London playwright and then a novelist. She wrote poetry, feeling that this form allowed her to express her "masculine" side. Aphra's opinions were unconventional, and because she openly expressed her viewpoints in her lifestyle and through her writing, she was seen as scandalous. Her poetry remarks on romantic relationships with both men and women, discusses rape and impotence, puts forth a woman's right to sexual pleasure, and includes scenes of eroticism between men.

15. Aphra Behn Society--Home Home Information for Members Newsletter Conference Executive Board Members Links Contact. http://www.oldroads.org/behn/home.htm

Home Information for Members Newsletter Conference Home Information for Members Newsletter Conference ... Contact

16. Aphra Behn Society: Sites The aphra behn Page (Ruth Nestvold); behn s Oroonoko Bibliography Distinguished Women of Past and Present (includes behn; many fields) http://prometheus.cc.emory.edu/behn/sites.html

Behn Sites The Aphra Behn Page (Ruth Nestvold) Behn's Oroonoko Bibliography Distinguished Women of Past and Present (includes Behn; many fields) Molly Brown's The Invitation To A Funeral Tour of Restoration London (featuring Aphra Behn as the protagonist) Cynthia Caywood's Tour of Aphra Behn's London The Sign of Angellica : an Aphra Behn site General Information American Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies Anna Barbauld prose works (by Laura Mandell) British Women Romantic Poets, 1789-1832 (UC Davis) C18-L's Resources (Kevin Berland) Eighteenth-century bibliographies online (Jack Lynch) Eighteenth-Century Resources (Jack Lynch's comprehensive site, Rutgers) Eighteenth-Century Scottish Studies Society Mary Leapor's Poetry (by Laura Mandell) The Orlando Project: An Integrated History of Women's Writing in the British Isles Theatre and Drama Section of the Web Virtual Library Voice of the Shuttle: 18thc Century (Alan Liu's stupendous site) WWWomen Please send new links and corrections on these ones to Carole Meyers ( cmeyers@emory.edu

17. Aphra Behn - Danger Of Eclectic Shock January 18, 2008 — aphra behn. Lady Doctor by John Woodwark I bought a pair of trousers January 16, 2008 — aphra behn. Battle Of Pelennor Fields http://aphrabehn.wordpress.com/

@import "http://s.wordpress.com/wp-content/themes/pub/garland/style.css?m=1192581927"; Aphra Behn - danger of eclectic shock MMC and MTAS Questions Who ... Words Conversations Irene on on Up close and personal kelli on Driven to distraction Irene on Driven to distraction TheShrink on Driven to distraction Teuchter on Driven to distraction Omega Mum on Driven to distraction SonofRojBlake on Driven to distraction Geoff Coupe on Driven to distraction James on Alan Bean - fourth man on the ... Top Clicks wordpress.com/tag/lesbian kleinbottle.com Most popular posts, where 'popular'='containing the strangest search terms' Building Site Collage Killing Polar bears - right or wrong? How to knit a moebius scarf from the middle out to the edge Driven to distraction ... A patients' guide to Modernising Medical Careers and MTAS - Part 1 Blogs by women who write 3 kids no job Around my kitchen table Charlotte’s Web Diaphanous ... Shelves in my Mind Classy Anemones Anticant Earthpal Eclectic Shockers Chopstix What not to crochet What not to knit You Are Sleeping From another place in cyberspace Sporky Internet Wierdos I've met in Real Life Chez Teuchter KerrAvon Miki Out of ideas ... Verbosity leads to unclear, inarticulate things.

18. Sukipot.com: The Sign Of Angellica aphra behn (16401689) was not the first woman writer; neither was she the only But aphra behn holds the singular distinction of being recognized as the http://www.sukipot.com/angellica/astrea.html

Sukipot.com cleaning out ferryboats the sign of angellica An Aphra Behn Web Site The Incomparable Astrea: An Introduction to Aphra Behn Roving Hellena: The Portrayal of Women's Roles in The Rover Online Resources Selected Bibliography The Incomparable Astrea: An Introducton to Aphra Behn "[...] a Devil on't the Woman damns the Poet." Aphra Behn, Preface to The Lucky Chance Aphra Behn (1640-1689) was not the first woman writer; neither was she the only woman writer of her day. But Aphra Behn holds the singular distinction of being recognized as the first professional woman writer in the English language. That's right, ladies Aphra Behn was the first woman writer who did it for money. It was a natural choice for this young woman, a recent spy for the crown and a widow at the age of 26, to turn to selling herself (in a manner of speaking) in order to survive. Many other women of the period did so; but instead of novels and plays, they sold something much more fundamental and far more common. Single women, whether spinsters or widows, often allowed themselves to be kept by rich men of the commons and nobility alike. Mrs. Behn chose not to sell herself but her wits and words, and was branded a whore for her efforts. Not much is known of her origins. Most biographers seem to agree she was born Aphra Johnson in or around 1640, and that she acquired her education and her connections at court through a noble childhood friend for whom her mother acted as a wet-nurse. She very likely traveled with her family to Surinam in her early 20s; at the age of 26, after having been briefly married to a Mr. Behn (of which nothing is known), she went to Antwerp as a spy for the crown. The mission was singularly unsuccessful, and she returned to England a debtor (very likely serving a short term in prison).

19. BBC - History - Aphra Behn (1640 - 1689) behn was the first professional woman writer in English literature, best known for her plays and her novel Oroonoko . http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/behn_aphra.shtml

@import '/includes/tbenh.css'; @import '/history/historic_figures/css/historic_figures.css'; @import '/history/historic_figures/css/biography.css'; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index 28 January 2008 Accessibility help Text only BBC Homepage History Homepage Topics Ancient History British History World Wars Recent History Resources Interactive Content British Timeline Historic Figures History for Kids Practical History Archaeology Family History History Trails Community Message Board Newsletter Site guide Contact Us Like this page? Send it to a friend! Aphra Behn (1640 - 1689) Behn was the first professional woman writer in English literature, best known for her plays and her novel 'Oroonoko'. Aphra Johnson was born near Canterbury in 1640, and baptised on 14 December of that year. She is thought to have spent some of her youth in Dutch Guiana in the West Indies. In 1664 she married Johan Behn a merchant of Dutch or German parentage, but the marriage is not thought to have lasted very long. She is known to have acted as a British spy in Antwerp in 1666. Imprisonment for debt led her to write for an income. Behn wrote a series of successful plays. Her first, 'The Forc'd Marriage' was produced in 1671. 'The Rover' (1681), her most successful, was produced in two parts and included in its cast Nell Gwyn, mistress of King Charles II. Among Behn's sources was the Italian commedia dell'arte (improvised comedy), which she used in her farce 'The Emperor of the Moon' (1687), forerunner of the modern-day pantomime.

20. Aphra Behn Restoration playwright, novelist and poet, aphra behn is known as the first Western woman to earn her living by her writing. http://womenshistory.about.com/od/behnaphra/Aphra_Behn.htm

zOBT=" Ads" zGCID=" test1" zGCID=" test1 test9" zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') z160=zpreC(160,600);z336=zpreC(336,280);z728=zpreC(728,90);z133=zpreC(336,133);zItw=160 Women's History var h2=document.getElementsByTagName("h2")[0];if(h2.getElementsByTagName("a")[0].firstChild.nodeValue.length>29)h2.className="long"; Home Education Women's History Search over 1.4 million articles by over 600 experts Search Women's History Biographies Women's Rights Email ... Print Filed In: Art, Music, Writers, Media Writers Women Writers 1501-1700 Aphra Behn Aphra Behn Restoration playwright, novelist and poet, Aphra Behn is known as the first Western woman to earn her living by her writing. British Women's History @ Women Writers 1501-1700 @ British Women Writers @ Early Women Writers - Reading Groups on Women's History Books by early women writers, part of a series of suggested reading lists related to women's history for reading groups. Spy Turned Writer About's Classic Literature Guide, Esther Lombardi, writes about Aphra Behn and her writing. Aphra Behn Danuta Bois' brief biography of Aphra Behn.

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