21. Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Modern Social Movements Booker T Washington (18561915) Speech at the Atlanta Exposition, 1895; Booker T.Washington (1856-1915) The Awakening of the Negro, The Atlantic Monthly, http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/modsbook56.html

Halsall Home Ancient History Sourcebook Medieval Sourcebook Modern History Course Other History Sourcebooks: African East Asian Indian Islamic ... Pop Culture See Main Page for a guide to all contents of all sections. Contents Modern Social Movements Feminism Origins of Third Wave Cultural Feminism Political Feminism Liberal Feminism Radical Feminism Black Power The US Civil Rights Movement Radicals Since 1968 Other Ethnic/Minority Movements Lesbian and Gay Rights Modern Social Movements Back to Index Feminism WEB Our Bodies. Ourselves Reading Room, Articles and Speeches [At Feminist.com] Origins of Third Wave Simone de Beauvoir: The Second Sex Betty Freidan: Cultural Feminism Sylvia Plath (1932-1963): Poems [At Norconnect] Adrienne Rich (1929-): Poems [At Norconnect] Maya Angelou: I Know Why Caged Birds Sing part of Poems [At Norconnect] Political Feminism National Organization of Women: Statement of Purpose , 1966 [At Hanover] or here [At Civnet] ERA Liberal Feminism Radical Feminism WEB The Andrea Dworkin Online Library [At IGC] An interesting and generous site which makes many of Dworkin's writings available online.

22. Booker T. Washington (1856-1915) American Writer. (18561915) American writer. Booker T. Washington is known for books, whichinclude The Future of the American Negro (1899), his autobiography Up from http://classiclit.about.com/od/washingtonbt/

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help Literature: Classic A-to-Z Writers ... W - Writers - Last Names Washington, Booker T. Homework Help Literature: Classic Essentials Book Reviews ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/7.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Literature: Classic newsletter! See Online Courses Search Literature: Classic Washington, Booker T. (1856-1915) American writer. Booker T. Washington is known for books, which include: "The Future of the American Negro" (1899), his autobiography "Up from Slavery" (1901), "Life of Frederick Douglass" (1907), "The Story of the Negro" (1909), and "My Larger Education" (1911). Alphabetical Recent Up a category An Autobiography University of North Carolina's Documenting the American South project includes a transcription of Booker T. Washington's 1901 autobiography. Stamp on Black History ThinkQuest student project on black history includes a detailed biography of the influential educator. Also find a reference list. Topic Index Email to a Friend Our Story Be a Guide ... Patent Info.

23. Gale - Free Resources - Black History - Biographies - Booker Taliafero Washingto Booker Taliafero Washington. Booker T. Washington. (18561915) Lecturer, CivilRights/Human Rights Activist, Educational Administrator, Professor, http://www.gale.com/free_resources/bhm/bio/washington_b.htm

Thomson Gale Learning Thomson.com SEARCH 2. Select Search Type Products (e.g. InfoTrac) Site (e.g. Customer Service) Press Room About Us Contact Us Site Map ... Careers Order Center: Login Sign Up (new customers) About Thomson Gale Home Locations Executive Bios Trade Shows Business Development Home Who We Are What We Do How We Do It ... Contact Us Press Room Home Archives Library of the Year Logo Library ... Need a Speaker? Outside U.S. and Canada Home International Support Product Information: Catalog Catalog Catalog Help How to Order ... Imprint Publishers Customer Service: Billing/Fulfillment Returns Customer Resource Center Support Technical Resources Training Resources Free Resources: Market Your Library Market Your Library Get Connected Find Yourself in the Library ... InfoTrac Discussion List document.write(url); Black History Booker Taliafero Washington Lecturer, Civil Rights/Human Rights Activist, Educational Administrator, Professor, Organization Executive/Founder, Author/Poet Booker T. Washington was born a slave in Hale's Ford, Virginia, reportedly on April 5, 1856. After emancipation, his family was so poverty stricken that he worked in salt furnaces and coal mines beginning at age nine. Always an intelligent and curious child, he yearned for an education and was frustrated when he could not receive good schooling locally. When he was 16 his parents allowed him to quit work to go to school. They had no money to help him, so he walked 200 miles to attend the Hampton Institute in Virginia and paid his tuition and board there by working as the janitor.

24. Booker T. Washington (1856-1915) Booker T. Washington (1856–1915). “More and more thoughtful students of the raceproblem are beginning to see that business and industry constitute what we http://www.acton.org/publicat/randl/liberal.php?id=170

25. Picture History - Booker T. Washington (1856-1915) Find the pictures you need in this easy to use digital library of high qualityimages and footage illustrating more than 200 years of American history. http://www.picturehistory.com/find/p/21052/mcms.html

Advanced Search Abraham Lincoln Life Cycle Nature ... Footage Order a print or create a gift using an image of your choice Stories behind great pictures from the past Educational web sites linked to historical programs Date: Original Format: Photographic Print File Size: Item#: All digital images are available for download as jpeg files at 300 dpi of original size. If you would like an image at a higher resolution, please email us your request at picture@picturehistory.com (be sure to include item number). Custom requests may take up to two weeks to be fulfilled and require an additional charge. Booker T. Washington (1856-1915) Booker Taliaferro Washington was an African-American educator and reformer who was the first president and principal developer of the Tuskegee Institute (now Tuskegee University). He became the leading spokesman for Black Americans after the death of Frederick Douglass. Washington's autobiographical work, "Up From Slavery" (1901), is his most famous literary work. Far from being a political radical, Washington's views were moderate: he wanted blacks to remain in their places and achieve advancement through vocational and industrial education.  Related Categories: African-Americans Teachers powered by metarhythm

26. Picture History - Booker Taliaferro Washington (1856-1915) Find the pictures you need in this easy to use digital library of high qualityimages and footage illustrating more than 200 years of American history. http://www.picturehistory.com/find/p/1069/mcms.html

Advanced Search Abraham Lincoln Life Cycle Nature ... Footage Order a print or create a gift using an image of your choice Stories behind great pictures from the past Educational web sites linked to historical programs Date: Original Format: Photographic Print File Size: Item#: All digital images are available for download as jpeg files at 300 dpi of original size. If you would like an image at a higher resolution, please email us your request at picture@picturehistory.com (be sure to include item number). Custom requests may take up to two weeks to be fulfilled and require an additional charge. Booker Taliaferro Washington (1856-1915) Booker T. Washington was an African-American educator and reformer who was the first president and principal developer of the Tuskegee Institute (now Tuskegee University). He became the leading spokesman for Black Americans after the death of Frederick Douglass. His autobiographical work, "Up From Slavery," is his most famous literary work. Related Categories: African-Americans Teachers powered by metarhythm

27. Creative Quotations From Booker T. Washington (1856-1915) Booker T. Washington in quotations to inspire creative thinking. http://www.creativequotations.com/one/40.htm

Home Search Indexes E-books ... creative Creative Quotations from . . . Booker T. Washington 1856-1915) born on Apr 5 US "educator, social reformer". "He established Tuskegee Institute, 1881 and wrote his autobiography "Up From Slavery," 1901." Search millions of documents for Booker T. Washington Fishing For Creativity Creative Perfumes No man, who continues to add something to the material, intellectual and moral well-being of the place in which he lives, is left long without proper reward." No race can prosper till it learns there is as much dignity in tilling a field as in writing a poem. We shall prosper as we learn to do the common things of life in an uncommon way. Let down your buckets where you are. I have learned that success is to be measured not so much by the position that one has reached in life as by the obstacles which he has overcome while trying to succeed. You can't hold a man down without staying down with him. Published Sources for the above Quotations: F: "In "Instant Quotation Dictionary," by Donald O. Bolander, 1979."

28. Booker T. Washington Booker T. Washington 18561915. Booker Taliaferro was born a slave on a smallfarm in Franklin County, Virginia. His father, a white man, was absent from http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h944.html

Search ( Enter the name of an historical figure, event or issue) Booker T. Washington In 1881, on Armstrong’s recommendation, Washington was appointed principal (president) of the new Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute in Alabama. Patterned after Hampton, Tuskegee offered a number of academic courses, but emphasized training in the trades. Many students learned the building trades and put their talents to work constructing buildings and facilities on the campus. Great stress was laid on refined speech, proper dress and absolute cleanliness. The emphasis that Washington placed upon moderation and culture aided him in raising money for Tuskegee among white circles. Benefactors included John D. Rockefeller Andrew Carnegie and C.P. Huntington. Washington spent most of his time on public speaking tours and was noted as one of the great lecturers of his day. Tuskegee continued to grow and boasted among its faculty the great botanist, George Washington Carver. Whether fairly or unfairly, Washington developed a reputation as an accommodationist. He was willing to deliver one message to one audience and different versions to others. The theme of hard work and respectability was gladly received by white audiences in the North. In the South, however, he offered a message best typified in the Atlanta Compromise Address, a speech widely reported in the national press. Washington urged blacks to accept segregation and the loss of voting rights in exchange for Southern support of educational and economic opportunities. Many white Southerners were pleased to keep the blacks out of politics and in the menial trades.

29. Reader's Companion To American History - -WASHINGTON, BOOKER T. Washington, Booker T. (18561915), educator. Across the landscape of the mostanguished era of American race relations (1895-1915) strode the self-assured http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/rcah/html/ah_090700_washingtonbo.htm

Entries Publication Data Advisory Board Contributors ... World Civilizations The Reader's Companion to American History WASHINGTON, BOOKER T. , educator. Across the landscape of the most anguished era of American race relations (1895-1915) strode the self-assured and influential Booker T. Washington. The foremost black educator, power broker, and institution builder of his time, Washington in 1881 founded Tuskegee Institute, a black school in Alabama devoted to industrial and moral education and to the training of public school teachers. From his southern small-town base, he created a national political network of schools, newspapers, and the National Negro Business League (founded in 1901). In response to the age of Jim Crow, Washington offered the doctrine of accommodation, acquiescing in social and political inequality for blacks while training them for economic self-determination in the industrial arts. Born a slave on a small farm in western Virginia, Washington was nine years old when the Civil War ended. His humble but stern rearing included his working in a salt furnace when he was ten and serving as a houseboy for a white family where he first learned the virtues of frugality, cleanliness, and personal morality. Washington was educated at Hampton Institute, one of the earliest freedmen's schools devoted to industrial education; Hampton was the model upon which he based his institute in Tuskegee. Growing up during Reconstruction and imbued with moral as opposed to intellectual training, he came to believe that postwar social uplift had begun at the wrong end: the acquisition of political and civil rights rather than economic self-determination.

30. Heath Anthology Of American LiteratureBooker T. Washington - Author Page Booker T. Washington (18561915). Booker Taliaferro Washington’s life and mostimportant literary work embodied the American myth of the poor boy who pulls http://college.hmco.com/english/lauter/heath/4e/students/author_pages/modern/was

Site Orientation Heath Orientation Timeline Galleries Access Author Profile Pages by: Fifth Edition Table of Contents Fourth Edition Table of Contents Concise Edition Table of Contents Authors by Name ... Internet Research Guide Textbook Site for: The Heath Anthology of American Literature , Fifth Edition Paul Lauter, General Editor Booker T. Washington Booker Taliaferro Washington’s life and most important literary work embodied the American myth of the poor boy who pulls himself up by his own bootstraps to become a success. As he wrote in his autobiography, Up from Slavery, he was born a slave in Franklin County, Virginia, “in the midst of the most miserable, desolate, and discouraging surroundings.” He received no help from his white father, whose identity has never been ascertained. It was his mother, Jane, the cook for a small planter named James Burroughs, who taught young Booker his survival lessons. Booker (he did not take the name Washington until he began to attend school) spent his first nine years as a slave on the Burroughs farm. When the Civil War ended, his mother took him and his three siblings to Malden, West Virginia, to join her husband, Washington Ferguson, a former slave who had found employment in the salt mines. Booker soon went to work at a salt furnace; by the time he was twelve years old, he had seen considerable dangerous work in the Malden coal mines. Nevertheless the boy had his dream—he wanted to go to school. From 1881 until his death Washington concentrated on three goals: (1) the creation and maintenance of Tuskegee Institute as a major black-run educational institution, (2) the advancement of his own power as a national racial leader, and (3) the publicizing and defense of his philosophy of African American education and socioeconomic progress. With a modest tone, Washington provides considerable evidence of the lofty status he attained in the eyes of powerful whites. The text of his most famous address, which he gave at the opening of the Cotton States and International Exposition in Atlanta, is followed by a letter from President Grover Cleveland congratulating him on the wisdom of his ideas about how to solve America’s race problem. Without expounding these ideas systematically in his autobiography, Washington makes

31. Booker T. Washington (1856-1915) Booker T. Washington and Character Education at Tuskegee Institute 18811915 (Sanderson From Booker T. Washington s Atlanta Exposition Address, 1895 http://www.nagasaki-gaigo.ac.jp/ishikawa/amlit/w/washington19re.htm

Booker T. Washington (1856-1915) General Resources Short Biography Short Biography Booker T. Washington and Character Education at Tuskegee Institute 1881-1915 (Sanderson Beck) Booker Taliaferro Washington Page Writings From Booker T. Washington's Atlanta Exposition Address, 1895 "The Awakening of the Negro," The Atlantic Monthly, 78 (September, 1896). "The Case of the Negro," The Atlantic Monthly, 84 (November, 1899). Up From Slavery: An Autobiography (MSState) Up From Slavery (Gutenberg text) The Awakening of the Negro (1896) (U. of Virginia) The Case of the Negro (1899) (U. of Virginia) Signs of Progress Among Negroes (1900) (U. of Virginia) http://www.nagasaki-gaigo.ac.jp/ishikawa/amlit/w/washington19re.htm

32. EN232, Washington, Dr. O'Conner Booker Taliaffero Washington (18561915). Compiled by Sarah B. Peters, Booker T. Washington was an outstanding African-American educator, http://www.millikin.edu/aci/crow/chronology/washingtonbio.html

Booker Taliaffero Washington (1856-1915) Compiled by Sarah B. Peters, Millikin University Booker T. Washington was an outstanding African-American educator, leader and spokesman for the black community. He was an advocate stressing the importance for African-Americans to be educated and become economically self-reliant in order for the black community to advance. Often considered the “Moses of his race,” Washington went on to be an influential politician delivering his controversial Atlanta Compromise and became a founder of the Tuskegee Institute and the National Negro Business League. 1856 born April 5 in Franklin County, Virginia 1862 September 22 Lincoln issued The Emancipation Proclamation 1865 Civil War ended and Washington moved to Malden, West Virginia with his family to pack salt 1872-1875 (at age sixteen) he journeyed to and attended the newly founded Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute (now Hampton University) Late 1870s taught for three years in Tinkersville, West Virginia 1878 left to attend Wayland Seminary in Washington DC (quit after six months) 1879 returned to Hampton Institute to teach 1881 offered position of principal of the new Tuskegee Institute in Alabama 1881-1915 headed the Tuskegee Normal School (in 1937 became the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute) 1895 September 18 delivered his controversial speech "The Atlanta Compromise," urging blacks to accept their inferior status and to advance themselves through education and economic improvement

33. American Experience | Marcus Garvey | People & Events People Events Booker T. Washington, 18561915. Booker T. Washington Booker T.Washington was one of the most powerful African Americans at the turn of http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/garvey/peopleevents/p_washington.html

Booker T. Washington was one of the most powerful African Americans at the turn of the twentieth century. Born a slave in Hale's Ford, Virginia, the son of a white man who did not acknowledge him and a slave woman named Jane (Burroughs) who later married a fellow slave, Booker T. Washington became a leader in black education, and a strong influence as a racial representative in national politics. Washington learned to read and write in the late 1860s at a primary school overseen by the Freedmen's Bureau and in 1872 became a student at the Hampton Institute inVirginia, where he excelled. He was teaching at Hampton in 1881 when he was invited to become the first principal of the newly-founded Tuskegee Institute, a school for African Americans in Tuskegee, Alabama. At Tuskegee, Washington developed a vocational curriculum that emphasized carpentry, printing, tinsmithing, and shoemaking. Girls also took classes in cooking and sewing, and boys studied farming methods. All students received instruction in manners, hygiene, and character. Washington was known as a racial accommodationist. He rejected the pursuit of political and social equality with whites in favor of developing vocational skills and a reputation for stability and dependability. In a famous 1895 Atlanta address, Washington urged African Americans to "cast down your buckets where you are," that is, to remain in the Jim Crow South and tolerate racial discrimination rather than make what he considered intemperate calls for equality. "In all things that are purely social," he said, blacks and whites "can be as separate as the fingers, yet one as the hand in all things essential to mutual progress."

34. Booker T. Washington Booker Taliaferro Washington (18561915), African American educator and from his mother that he already had a last name, he became Booker T. Washington. http://www.africawithin.com/bios/booker/booker_bio1.htm

Booker Taliaferro Washington Narrative Essay Booker Taliaferro Washington (1856-1915), African American educator and racial leader, founded Tuskegee Institute for black students. His " Atlanta Compromise " speech made him America's major black leader for 20 years. Booker Taliaferro (the Washington was added later) was born a slave in Franklin County, Va., on April 5, 1856. His mother was the plantation's cook. His father, a local white man, took no responsibility for him. His mother married another slave, who escaped to West Virginia during the Civil War. She and her three children were liberated by a Union army in 1865 and, after the war, joined her husband. Growing Up Black The stepfather put the boys to work in the salt mines in Malden, West Virginia. Booker eagerly asked for education, but his stepfather conceded only when Booker agreed to toil in the mines mornings and evenings to make up for earnings lost while in school. He had known only his first name, but when pupils responded to roll call with two names, Booker desperately added a famous name, becoming Booker Washington. Learning from his mother that he already had a last name, he became Booker T. Washington. Overhearing talk about a black college in Hampton, Va., Washington longed to go. Meanwhile, as houseboy for the owner of the coal mines and saltworks, he developed scrupulous work habits. In 1872 he set out for Hampton Institute. When his money gave out, he worked at odd jobs. Sleeping under wooden sidewalks, begging rides, and walking, he traveled the remaining 80 miles and, bedraggled and penniless, asked for admission and assistance. After Hampton officials tested him by having him clean a room, he was admitted and given work as a janitor.

35. Booker Taliaferro Washington Booker Taliaferro Washington. Booker Taliaferro Washington. 18561915 Walker David Walker Booker Taliaferro Washington Ida B. Wells-Barnett http://www.africawithin.com/bios/booker/booker_washington.htm

Booker Taliaferro Washington Biographical Notes Up From Slavery: An Autobiography Industrial Education for the Negro The 1895 Atlanta Compromise Speech Essays The Awakening of the Negro Signs of Progress Among the Negroes Home Up ... David Walker [ Booker Taliaferro Washington ] Ida B. Wells-Barnett Carter Godwin Woodson Malcolm X

36. Page Moved, Please Update Your Bookmarks Booker T. Washington (18561915) was one of the most influential (and controversial)African Americans in history. Raised the son of a slave mother, http://www.learningtogive.org/papers/people/booker_t_washington.html

37. African American Journey: Washington, Booker T. Booker T. Washington (18561915) was the most influential black leader and educatorof his time in the United States. He became prominent largely because of http://www2.worldbook.com/wc/features/aajourney_new/html/aa_3_washington.shtml

African American Journey From Africa to America From Slavery to Freedom First Years of Freedom ... Racial leader Washington, Booker T. Booker T. Washington (1856-1915) was the most influential black leader and educator of his time in the United States. He became prominent largely because of his role as founder and head of Tuskegee Institute, a vocational school for blacks in Tuskegee, Ala. Washington advised two Presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Tafton racial problems and policies. He also influenced the appointment of several blacks to federal office, especially during Roosevelt's Administration. Washington described his rise from slavery to national prominence as an educator in his best-selling autobiography, Up from Slavery Library of Congress Early life.

38. Alabama Hall Of Fame: Booker Taliaferro Washington 18561915 Educator Booker T. Washington was born in a rude slave cabin inVirginia and weaned in the salt mills and coal mines. http://www.archives.state.al.us/famous/b_wash.html

Booker Taliaferro Washington Educator Founder of Tuskegee Institute. Throughout his adult life he instructed African-Americans in citizenship and worked to improve their economic position through education and vocational training. Booker T. Washington was born in a rude slave cabin in Virginia and weaned in the salt mills and coal mines. He had an insatiable hunger for knowledge that led him to memorize a worn copy of a spelling book and, later, to establish Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute. From its opening in 1881, with 30 students in an old church and a dilapidated building, until the present day, the world-renown Tuskegee Institute has been guided by the principles of its distinguished founder. Washington learned the value of industrial education at Hampton Institute, which he used as a model in the building of Tuskegee. He taught his students the dignity and the beauty of labor and that learning a trade was more necessary sometimes than the study of Greek and Latin verbs. "It is at the bottom of life we must begin," he told his students, "and not at the top." At the time of its founder's death in 1915, the Institute had more than 1500 students, almost 200 teachers, more than 100 buildings and thousands of loyal alumni. In his trips through the North and South to raise money for Tuskegee, Booker T. Washington attained considerable fame as a public speaker and as a spokesman for African-Americans; a role not sought, but richly deserved.

39. BOOKER T. WASHINGTON Booker T. Washington Brief Biography. Booker T. Washington 1856-1915, Educator.Booker T. Washington, 1856-1915 Booker T. Washington National Monument http://www.coax.net/people/lwf/bt_wash.htm

40. From Revolution To Reconstruction: Outlines: Outline Of American Literature: The The Rise of Realism 18601914 Booker T. Washington (1856-1915) Booker T.Washington, educator and the most prominent black leader of his day, http://odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/LIT/washing.htm

FRtR Outlines American Literature The Rise of Realism: 1860-1914: Booker T. Washington (1856-1915) An Outline of American Literature by Kathryn VanSpanckeren The Rise of Realism: 1860-1914: Booker T. Washington (1856-1915) Index Booker T. Washington, educator and the most prominent black leader of his day, grew up as a slave in Franklin County, Virginia, born to a white slave-holding father and a slave mother. His fine, simple autobiography, Up From Slavery (1901), recounts his successful struggle to better himself. He became renowned for his efforts to improve the lives of African-Americans; his policy of accommodation with whites an attempt to involve the recently freed black American in the mainstream of American society was outlined in his famous Atlanta Exposition Address (1895). Index

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