21. The Babbage Pages: Homepage Welcome to The Babbage Pages. Babbage, Charles (17911871) Reformer Militantmathematician, computer pioneer, economist, mechanical engineer, code-breaker, http://www.ex.ac.uk/~rburnley/babbage/

Welcome to The Babbage Pages Babbage, Charles (1791-1871) Reformer Militant: mathematician, computer pioneer, economist, mechanical engineer, code-breaker, inventor, society figure, etc. etc. Biography Family Devonshire Background Friends ... Babbage at the Science Museum These pages give an introduction to Babbage`s life and work, and current research on Babbage. It is intended that they should be gradually expanded as work proceeds. of R.D.Burnley@ex.ac.uk Jul 05, 1996 URL: http://www.ex.ac.uk/~rburnley/babbage/welcome.html

22. Charles Babbage - Life Of Charles Babbage And The Analytical Engine Information about Charles Babbage the inventor of analytical engine forerunnerof the computer. Search. Inventors Charles Babbage 1791-1871 http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blCharlesBabbage.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Business Inventors Famous Inventors ... B Start Inventors Charles Babbage - Life of Charles Babbage and the Analytical Engine Business Inventors Essentials 20th Century Inventions - Timelines ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/7.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Inventors newsletter! See Online Courses Search Inventors Charles Babbage 1791-1871 The earliest known modern computer device was the analytical engine invented by Charles Babbage. Charles Babbage's mechanical analytical engine used a processing unit called the mill, stored number programs, used punch cards for data input, and printed an output. Being mechanical rather than electrical, the analytical engine worked by a series of gears and levers. Charles Babbage started building his analytical engine in 1833 and continued to tinker on his machine until the day he died. According to public lecture on Charles Babbage given by Philip Machanick at the University of the Witwatersrand: "What made the analytical engine such a feat of engineering was that it was built before the discovery of electronics, and was entirely mechanical. Its memory consisted of gears, while the processing unit, or mill, consisted of cams, clutches, cranks and gears.

23. Science Museum | Babbage | Introduction Charles Babbage (17911871) is widely regarded as the first computer pioneer andthe great ancestral figure in the history of computing. http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/on-line/babbage/index.asp

search visiting exhibitions online let's talk ... references babbage Introduction Charles Babbage (1791-1871) is widely regarded as the first computer pioneer and the great ancestral figure in the history of computing. Babbage excelled in a variety of scientific and philosophical subjects though his present-day reputation rests largely on the invention and design of his vast mechanical calculating engines. His Analytical Engine conceived in 1834 is one of the startling intellectual feats of the nineteenth century. The design of this machine possesses all the essential logical features of the modern general purpose computer. However, there is no direct line of descent from Babbage’s work to the modern electronic computer invented by the pioneers of the electronic age in the late 1930s and early 1940s largely in ignorance of the detail of Babbage's work. Babbage failed to build a complete machine. The most widely accepted reason for this failure is that Victorian mechanical engineering were not sufficiently developed to produce parts with sufficient precision. In 1985 the Science Museum launched a project to build a complete Babbage Engine to original designs to explore the practical viability of Babbage’s schemes. The Engine chosen was Babbage’s Difference Engine No. 2 designed between 1847 and 1849. The calculating section of the Engine, which weighs 2.6 tonnes and consists of 4,000 separate parts, was completed and working in November 1991, one month before the 200th anniversary of Babbage's birth.

24. Picture History - Charles Babbage (1791-1871) Find the pictures you need in this easy to use digital library of high qualityimages and footage illustrating more than 200 years of American history. http://www.picturehistory.com/find/p/25296/mcms.html

Advanced Search Abraham Lincoln Life Cycle Nature ... Footage Order a print or create a gift using an image of your choice Stories behind great pictures from the past Educational web sites linked to historical programs Date: Original Format: Carte de Visite Photograph File Size: Item#: State: Photographer: Henri Claudet All digital images are available for download as jpeg files at 300 dpi of original size. If you would like an image at a higher resolution, please email us your request at picture@picturehistory.com (be sure to include item number). Custom requests may take up to two weeks to be fulfilled and require an additional charge. Charles Babbage (1791-1871) Charles Babbage was the British mathematician who built the first computing machines, forerunners of the modern computer. He held a chair in mathematics at Cambridge University (1828-39). His Difference Engine (1821) compiled mathematical tables. In 1854 George Scheutz constructed a machine based on Babbage's designs, which printed mathematical, astronomical and actuarial tables, and was used by the British and American governments. Babbage's Analytical Engine (1856) performed a variety of calculations or "programs." But the British government suspended funding for his research and despite his significant achievements Babbage died a bitter man. This carte de visite is autographed. Related Categories: Teachers Computers powered by metarhythm

25. Rare Books And Special Collections - Charles Babbage - University Libraries - US The role of Charles Babbage (17911871) in the prehistory of computing has oftenbeen told. Babbage’s designs for his mechanical Difference Engine and http://www.sc.edu/library/spcoll/babbage/intro.html

Thomas Cooper Library (main library) - Government Documents - Map Library - Newspapers/Microforms - Reference Department - Science Library Business Library Film Library Math Library Music Library South Caroliniana Library - Books Division - Manuscripts Division - Modern Political Collections - University Archives Law Library Medical Library Special Library Collections Other USC campus Libraries CHARLES BABBAGE (1791-1871): the Calculating Engine in the South Carolina College Library Introduction Part 1 Part Part ... Home This page updated August 4, 2003 by the Department of Rare Books and Special Collections 2003, the University of South Carolina. URL http://www.sc.edu/library/spcoll/babbage/intro.html Special Collections and Rare Books Thomas Cooper Library, Mezz Level

26. Rare Books And Special Collections - Babbage Part1 - University Libraries - USC Babbage at Cambridge in the Royal Society Charles Babbage, 17911871. “An Essaytowards the calculus of functions,” Philosophical Transactions of the http://www.sc.edu/library/spcoll/babbage/part1.html

Thomas Cooper Library (main library) - Government Documents - Map Library - Newspapers/Microforms - Reference Department - Science Library Business Library Film Library Math Library Music Library South Caroliniana Library - Books Division - Manuscripts Division - Modern Political Collections - University Archives Law Library Medical Library Special Library Collections Other USC campus Libraries Babbage - Part 1 Introduction Part 1 Part Part ... Home Charles Babbage, 1791-1871 “An Essay towards the calculus of functions,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society -At Peterhouse, Cambridge (1811-1814), Babbage was a brilliant undergraduate mathematician, though he was barred from competing for honors following official suspicions about his religious views. His early mathematical papers in the Philosophical Transactions led to his election as a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1816, when he was still only twenty-five. Later, he was elected to Sir Isaac Newton’s former chair, as Lucasian Professor of Mathematics (1828-1839), though never he never delivered a lecture. The Analytical Society Herschel, John Frederick William, 1792-1871.

27. Charles Babbage Charles Babbage (17911871). Charles Babbage. SO WHO WAS Charles Babbage?Charles Babbage was born on December 26, 1791 in Teignmouth , Devon, http://www.zephyrus.co.uk/charlesbabbage.html

Home Page Biology Chemistry Physics ... Contact Us CHARLES BABBAGE (1791-1871) Charles Babbage SO WHO WAS CHARLES BABBAGE? Charles Babbage was born on December 26, 1791 in Teignmouth , Devon, the son of a banker. He attended Trinity College, Cambridge and became a fellow of the Royal Society in 1816. He was active in establishing the Analytical, the Royal Astronomical and the Statistical societies. In 1817 Babbage was awarded his MA. Charles Babbage is mainly known as the inventor of a machine known as the Analytical Machine. This machine has been widely recognised as a major contribution to the basic design of the computers we have today. However Charles Babbage was a man of considerable intellect and was responsible for many inventions in his lifetime. HOW DID CHARLES BABBAGE DO THIS? In 1822 he wrote to the President of the Royal Society setting down his plans for calculating and printing mathematical tables by machine. Unfortunately, in 1827 Babbage's wife Georgiana died at the young age of 35. Following this, he travelled across Europe and did not return until the end of 1828. By this time Babbage's grant had run out so he was financing the project himself and needed to approach the Government once more for funding. In 1829 some of Babbage's friends arranged for the Duke of Wellington, the Prime Minister, to see a model of the Difference Engine. Wellington must have been impressed with what he saw, as he awarded Babbage a further grant of £3 000. The engineer Joseph Clement was hired to construct the engine. However, Babbage was to come into serious conflict with Clement, when, in 1830 Clement refused to move the engine from his premises to Babbage's new workshop. Babbage accused Clement of making "inordinately extravagant demands" and refused to give Clement any more money. This resulted in Clement stopping work and dismissing his workers. Development of the Difference Engine ground to a halt.

28. Philosophers : Charles Babbage Picture of Charles Babbage Charles Babbage. English Mathematician. 17911871 and Babbage is thus regarded as the pioneer of modern computers. http://www.trincoll.edu/depts/phil/philo/phils/babbage.html

Charles Babbage English Mathematician Mathematican and inventor, born in London. He studied at Cambridge, where he became professor of mathematics (1828-39), and spent most of his life attempting to build two calculating machines. His "difference engine" was intended for the calculation of tables of logarithms and similar functions by repeated addition performed by trains of gear wheels. An unfinished portion of the machine is now in the Science Museum, London. His "analytical engine" was designed to perform many different computations, using punched cards. The idea was too ambitious to be realized by the mechanical devices available at the time, but can now be seen to be the essential germ of the electronic computer of today, and Babbage is thus regarded as the pioneer of modern computers. Index Interactive Search Links ... Feedback

29. HNF - Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum Charles Babbage (17911871). In the history of computers, Charles Babbage isoften celebrated as the first computer pioneer and as a scientist and http://www.hnf.de/museum/babbage_en.html

Charles Babbage (1791-1871) In the history of computers, Charles Babbage is often celebrated as the "first computer pioneer" and as a scientist and inventor who was 100 years ahead of his time. This reputation is primarily based on the invention of the Analytical Engine, a mechanical automatic calculating machine which featured an arithmetic and logic unit, memory, input/output, and sequential control by means of punched cards. Charles Babbage, the son of a banker born in 1791 in Walworth, England, studied mathematics at Cambridge University from 1810 to 1814. In 1816, he became a Fellow of the Royal Society of London, the most important scientific society in England. Following the death of his father, he was financially independent and exerted great influence on the evolution of science in England without ever holding an official post. He was not only an outstanding mathematician and inventor but also a reformer of science and society. Babbage's initial fame was due to the invention of the Difference Engine. His occupation with the preparation of mathematical tables - a time-consuming activity that was prone to error - gave him the idea in 1821 of doing this automatically with the aid of a machine which would total differences. Construction of the Difference Engine, which was to consist of 25,000 parts, developed into one of the first large-scale scientific projects, although it ultimately failed. In 1833, work on construction of the machine was discontinued after a dispute between Babbage and the engineer Joseph Clement. By then, more money had been spent on this project than would have been needed to build 20 steam locomotives. Finally, it was other inventors who built the first working difference engines, but they were all influenced by Babbage's ideas.

30. History Of Computing Science: Charles Babbage Charles Babbage (17911871), often referred to as the Father of Computing forhis contributions to the development of the computer, seemed to have a http://www.eingang.org/Lecture/babbage.html

Charles Babbage Next Index Links Prev Charles Babbage Charles Babbage (1791-1871), often referred to as the "Father of Computing" for his contributions to the development of the computer, seemed to have a rather ordinary childhood. Nevertheless, he grew up to possess a keen intellect, with a mind interested in not only mathematics, but also philosophy, politics, and mechanics. While he is well known for ideas underlying the difference engine and the analytical engine, it is not so well known that he also was an inventor responsible for the cowcatcher, heliograph, standardized postal rates, Greenwich time signals, and the dyanometer. With respect to the field of philosophy and religion, Babbage found beauty in the orderliness to be found within man, nature, and inventions. He was especially fond of the idea of constructing tables containing standardized measurements for things such as the length a bovine breath, or the time it takes for a pig's heart to beat. Quantification, quantification, quantification. This led to him to investigate biblical miracles. In his book Passages from the Life of a Philospher he wrote that miracles are not "the breach of established laws, but... indicate the existence of far higher laws."

31. Charles Babbage (1791-1871), Mathematician National Portrait Gallery, list of portraits for Charles Babbage including CharlesBabbage by William Brockedon, Charles Babbage by Samuel Laurence, http://www.npg.org.uk/live/search/person.asp?LinkID=mp00196

32. NPG P28; Charles Babbage NPG P28; Charles Babbage. Sitter Charles Babbage (17911871), Mathematician.Sitter in 4 portraits. Artist Antoine Claudet (1798-1867). http://www.npg.org.uk/live/search/portrait.asp?mkey=mw00253

33. AIP International Catalog Of Sources Babbage, Charles, 17911871. Subjects. Herschel, John FW (John Frederick William),Sir, Babbage, Charles, 1791-1871. by title. Items in various ser http://www.aip.org/history/catalog/2266.html

If you are not immediately redirected, please click here My List - Help Browse Archival Resources Archival Finding Aids Books Photos Browse FAQs Past Searches History Home Search: Author Subject Title Journal/Newspaper Title Series Computer File (Software) Title Video Title Refine Search AIP Niels Bohr Library Item Information Holdings More by this author Babbage, Charles, 1791-1871. Subjects Herschel, John F. W. (John Frederick William), Sir, 1792-1871. Lubbock, J. W. (John William), 1803-1865. Lyell, Charles, Sir, 1797-1865. Royal Society (Great Britain) Calculators Technological innovations England 19th century. Mathematics. Browse Catalog by author: Babbage, Charles, 1791-1871. by title: Items in various ser... MARC Display Items in various series of The Royal Society, 1812-1866. by Babbage, Charles, 1791-1871. Owning Repository: Royal Society. 6 Carlton House Terrace, London SW1Y 5AG Country of Repository: England, UK Biography/History: Scope of Material: Materials by or relating to Charles Babbage can be found in the following series: Herschel Letters: ca. 420 letters between Babbage and J. F. W. Herschel on personal and scientific matters (calculating machine, mathematics), ca. 200 of which are written by Babbage. Lubbock Letters: 25 items. Domestic Manuscripts: 23 items, mostly committee papers regarding Babbage's calculating machine. Philosophical Transactions: 5 papers. Archived Papers: 1 paper. Miscellaneous Manuscripts: 1 item. Referees Reports: 1 joint report by C. Lyell and H. Falconer on a paper by Babbage.

34. AIP Niels Bohr Library Babbage, Charles, 17911871. by title. Passages from the li MARC Display By Charles Babbage by Babbage, Charles, 1791-1871. http://www.aip.org/history/catalog/10944.html

If you are not immediately redirected, please click here My List - Help Browse Books Archival Resources Archival Finding Aids Photos Browse FAQs Past Searches History Home Search: Author Subject Title Journal/Newspaper Title Series Computer File (Software) Title Video Title Refine Search AIP Niels Bohr Library Item Information Holdings More by this author Babbage, Charles, 1791-1871. Subjects Babbage, Charles, 1791-1871. Browse Catalog by author: Babbage, Charles, 1791-1871. by title: Passages from the li... MARC Display Passages from the life of a philosopher. By Charles Babbage ... by Babbage, Charles, 1791-1871. Call Number: (Z)L8 BAB Description: xii, 496 p. front., illus. 23 cm. Copy/Holding information Location Collection Call No. Status Niels Bohr Library Books Special Collections (Z)L8 BAB In NBL Format: HTML Plain text Delimited Subject: Email to: Horizon Information Portal 3.0 Dynix

35. Engineering Database Babbage, Charles (17911871). The British inventor known to some as the Fatherof Computing for his contributions to the basic design of the computer http://www.diracdelta.co.uk/science/source/b/a/babbage charles/source.html

Babbage, Charles (1791-1871) The British inventor known to some as the "Father of Computing" for his contributions to the basic design of the computer through his Analytical Engine. His previous computer, the Difference Engine, was a special purpose device intended for the production of mathematical tables. Babbage also invented the cowcatcher, the dynamometer, standard railroad gauge, uniform postal rates, occulting lights for lighthouses, Greenwich time signals, and the heliograph opthalmoscope. He also had an interest in ciphers and lock-picking. Started work on the Difference Engine through funding from the British Government. Published a table of logarithms from 1 to 108000. Appointed to the Lucasian Chair of Mathematics at Cambridge. Founded the British Association for the Advancement of Science. Published "Economy of Manufactures and Machinery". Began work on the Analytical Engine. Founded the Statistical Society of London. See also: Computer View Link Network for: Babbage, Charles Search for Babbage Charles on or Web www.diracdelta.co.uk

36. The Old Computer Hut - Computer History (3) Charles Babbage (17911871). Charles Babbage in 1860 © Science Museum, London.Science Society Picture Library. Charles Babbage in 1860 © Science Museum, http://www.arcula.demon.co.uk/hist3.htm

Previous Page Go Home Contents Next Page - Contents - This Page - charles babbage (1791-1871) charles babbage and table making More about curve fitting and table calculations More about babbage's difference engine - what was it supposed to do? ... charles babbage's legacy Charles Babbage (1791-1871) Charles Babbage had the extreme misfortune to be born in the wrong century. Late in life he said that he had never spent a happy day and that he would gladly give up the rest of his time if he could spend just three days 500 years in the future. He was the son of a wealthy banker, and was born on December 26th 1791, in London. He was educated initially in Totnes in Devon, where the family had its roots. In 1810 he went up to Cambridge, where he found that he knew more algebra than his tutors. In 1812, the idea occurred to him that a major part of the work of making mathematical tables could be carried out by a machine. This was the start of his vision. To understand this, some background is necessary. Charles Babbage and Table Making In Babbage's day all calculations, other than simple additions and subtractions were done with the aid of logarithm tables. Navigators, surveyors and astronomers also relied on trig and astronomical tables for their data. These tables were vitally important. Unfortunately, they were riddled through and through with errors.

37. Gizmag Article: Charles Babbage: The Brain That Invented The Computer Charles Babbage the brain that invented the computer Babbage (17911871)became frustrated with the many mistakes in these tables which were produced http://www.gizmag.com/go/1288/

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38. Charles Babbage 17911871. Since Charles Babbage s father was fairly wealthy, he could afford tohave Babbage educated at private schools. He was sent to an academy at http://www.stetson.edu/~efriedma/periodictable/html/Ba.html

Charles Babbage Since Charles Babbage's father was fairly wealthy, he could afford to have Babbage educated at private schools. He was sent to an academy at Forty Hill, Enfield, Middlesex where his education properly began. He began to show a passion for mathematics. On leaving the academy, he continued to study at home, having an Oxford tutor to bring him up to university level. Babbage entered Trinity College, Cambridge in 1810. He set up the Analytical Society in 1812, and its members were all Cambridge undergraduates. Nine mathematicians attended the first meeting. Babbage and Herschel produced the first of the publications of the Analytical Society in 1813. They published a remarkably deep history of the calculus for undergraduates. Two further publications of the Analytical Society were the joint work of Babbage, Herschel and Peacock. Babbage moved from Trinity College to Peterhouse and it was from that College that he graduated with a B.A. in 1814. Babbage married in 1814, then left Cambridge in 1815 to live in London. He wrote 2 major papers on functional equations in 1815 and 1816. Also in 1816, at the early age of 24, he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of London. He wrote papers on several different mathematical topics over the next few years but none are particularly important and some, such as his work on infinite series, are clearly incorrect. In 1820 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, and in the same year he was a major influence in founding the Royal Astronomical Society. He served as secretary to the Royal Astronomical Society for the first 4 years of its existence and later he served as vice-president of the Society.

39. Charles Babbage Today, Charles Babbage (17911871) is acknowledged as the father of moderncomputers because he foresaw what its basic elements required storage, mill, http://www.surveyhistory.org/charles_babbage1.htm

Article taken from "Backsights" Magazine published by Surveyors Historical Society CHARLES BABBAGE by Mary M. Root Charles Babbage was a prodigal mathematician, a social charmer, a renaissance personality, and a genius whose life-work predicated the modern computer. Babbage's creations were the Difference engines, so called because they were designed to compute tables of numbers according to the method of finite differences, and the more complex Analytical Engines, which utilized the concern of feeding the results of calculations back into the beginning of subsequent calculations. Today, Charles Babbage (1791-1871) is acknowledged as the father of modern computers because he foresaw what its basic elements required: storage, mill, control, input, output, decision-making, repetition and programs. Unfortunately, the brilliant Analytical Engine was never completed, due to a breach of faith and money from the British government and a lack of precision milling in that period. As a young man, Babbage worked with pure mathematics, haunting the London bookshops for works by Lacroix, Newton, Leibnitz, Woodhouse and Lagrange. In time, the self-taught Babbage invented the calculus of functions which was developed on lines analogous to differential equations and difference equations. His work with theory and notation showed clear insight, causing a modern-day biographer to lament: "The mathematical world is the poorer through Babbage never having developed nor published the 'Philosophy of Analysis'...It is almost tragic to think that (he) spent most of his remaining fifty years trying to devise suitable machinery for his engines. If he had developed the very fruitful ideas contained in the book....then it might well have been that mathematical philosophy, modern algebra, the theory of games and stochastic mathematics would have developed many decades before they actually did."

40. Computer Pioneers - Charles Babbage Charles Babbage Father of Computing (1791-1871) 30 November 2002. ( Born December 26, 1791 ) ( Died October 18, 1871 ) If unwarned by my example, http://www.cis.syr.edu/~mmuruges/ComputerPioneers/CharlesBabbage.html

Charles Babbage Computers Pioneers Home Charles Babbage- Father of Computing (1791-1871) 30 November 2002. ( Born : December 26, 1791 ) ( Died : October 18, 1871 ) If unwarned by my example, any man shall undertake and shall succeed in really constructing an engine ...upon difference principles or by simple means, I have no fear of leaving my reputation in his charge, for he alone will be fully able to appreciate the nature of my efforts and the value of their results - Charles Babbage. This article has been compiled from various sources and not the original work of Mummoorthy. Reference list is also provided.

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