21. Jackie Robinson In jackie robinson An Intimate Portrait, The baseball Hero s Story (Atlanta jackie robinson MADE baseball HISTORY 50 YEARS AGO TODAY OPENING THE DOOR. http://www.infoplease.com/ipsa/A0109586.html

in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Daily Almanac for Sep 15, 2005 Skip Navigation Home Almanacs ... Word of the Day Editor's Favorites Hispanic Heritage Month Hurricane Katrina Daylight Saving Time Ramadan ... Mississippi Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map College Center Scholarship Search College Resources Career Center Job Search Post Your Resume Continuing Ed. more . . . Search: Infoplease Info search tips Search: Biographies Bio search tips Sports Halls of Fame/Who's Who R - T Jackie Robinson Born: Jan. 31, 1919 Baseball 1B-2B-3B 4-sport athlete at UCLA (baseball, basketball, football and track); hit .387 with Kansas City Monarchs of Negro Leagues in 1945; signed by Brooklyn Dodgers' Branch Rickey on Oct. 23, 1945. Played in minors (Montreal) in 1946 and broke Major League Baseball's color line in 1947; Rookie of Year in 1947 and NL's MVP in 1949; hit .311 over 10 seasons. His #42 was retired by Major League Baseball in 1997. Died: Oct. 24, 1972 Frank Robinson R - T Sugar Ray Robinson Page Tools: Cite Print Email More on Jackie Robinson from Infoplease: Jackie Robinson Robinson, Jackie

22. ESPN.com: Jackie Changed Face Of Sports jackie robinson led the way for generations of black athletes. In 1997, baseball dedicated the season to robinson on the 50th anniversary of his debut. http://espn.go.com/sportscentury/features/00016431.html

Jackie Robinson voted 15th-best athlete of century Jackie changed face of sports By Larry Schwartz Special to ESPN.com It's not often that the essence of a man, especially a complicated man, can be summed up in one sentence. But then again, there haven't been many people like Jackie Robinson. "A life is not important," he said, "except in the impact it has on other lives." Jackie Robinson led the way for generations of black athletes. By that standard, few people and no athlete this century has impacted more lives. Robinson lit the torch and passed it on to several generations of African-American athletes. While the Brooklyn Dodgers infielder didn't make a nation color blind, he at least made it more color friendly. And he accomplished this feat by going against his natural instincts. He was an aggressive man, outraged at injustice, and quick to stand up for his rights. He had the guts to say no when ordered to the back of the bus in the army, and was court-martialed for his courage. His instinct wasn't to turn the other cheek, but to face problems head on. He was more prone to fighting back than holding back. That's what Robinson had to do when Dodgers president Branch Rickey selected him to become the first African-American to play in the majors this century. Rickey wanted a man who could restrain himself from responding to the ugliness of the racial hatred that was certain to come.

23. Jackie Robinson Civil Rights Advocate Exhibition of photographs and documents concerning jackie robinson's postbaseball career as a civil rights advocate. http://www.archives.gov/digital_classroom/lessons/jackie_robinson/jackie_robinso

24. ESPN Classic - Jackie Changed Face Of Sports jackie robinson broke major league baseball s color barrier in 1947 and two years later won the NL MVP award. http://espn.go.com/classic/biography/s/Robinson_Jackie.html

ESPN Network: ESPN.com NBA.com NHL.com WNBA.com ... Other sports ALSO SEE Robinson's signature game Jackie Robinson's career statistics Jackie changed face of sports By Larry Schwartz Special to ESPN.com Jackie Robinson's impact was greater than just that of baseball. He was a transforming agent and in the face of such hostility and such meanness and violence, he did it with such amazing dignity. He had to set the course for the country says the Rev. Jesse Jackson on ESPN's SportsCentury series. It's not often that the essence of a man, especially a complicated man, can be summed up in one sentence. But then again, there haven't been many people like Jackie Robinson. "A life is not important," he said, "except in the impact it has on other lives." Jackie Robinson, who broke the color barrier in MLB in 1947, won the NL MVP in 1949. By that standard, few people and no athlete in the 20th century has impacted more lives. Robinson lit the torch and passed it on to several generations of African-American athletes. While the Brooklyn Dodgers infielder didn't make a nation color blind, he at least made it more color friendly. And he accomplished this feat by going against his natural instincts. He was an aggressive man, outraged at injustice, and quick to stand up for his rights. He had the guts to say no when ordered to the back of the bus in the army, and was court-martialed for his courage. His instinct wasn't to turn the other cheek, but to face problems head on. He was more prone to fighting back than holding back.

25. Reader's Companion To American History - -ROBINSON, JACKIE jackie robinson s debut in organized baseball is a legend (April 18, Jules Tygiel, baseball s Great Experiment jackie robinson and His Legacy (1984). http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/rcah/html/ah_075600_robinsonjack.htm

Entries Publication Data Advisory Board Contributors ... World Civilizations The Reader's Companion to American History ROBINSON, JACKIE , professional baseball player with the Brooklyn Dodgers (1947-1956); first African-American to play in major league baseball in the twentieth century. Intensely proud of his talents and his blackness in a white-dominated world, Robinson created drama throughout his life. He fought racism viscerally—in his California childhood, at college, and in the army, where he faced a court-martial for defying illegal segregation on an army bus. When general manager Branch Rickey of the Brooklyn Dodgers offered Robinson the chance to break organized baseball's powerful but unwritten color line, the fiery ballplayer not only accepted, he also agreed to Rickey's condition: that he not respond to the abuse he would face. Jackie Robinson's debut in organized baseball is a legend (April 18, 1946, with the Montreal Royals of the International League, the Dodgers' best farm club). In five at-bats he hit a three-run homer and three singles, stole two bases, and scored four times, twice by forcing the pitcher to balk. Promoted to the Dodgers the following spring, Robinson thrived on the pressure and established himself as the most exciting player in baseball. His playing style combined traditional elements of black sports—the opportunistic risk taking known as "tricky baseball" in the Negro Leagues—with an aggressiveness asserting his right to be at the plate or on the basepaths. According to his manager Leo Durocher, "This guy didn't just come to play. He come to beat ya."

26. Great American History Fact-Finder - -Robinson, Jackie robinson, jackie. (191972), baseball player. robinson became the first black player in major league baseball when he joined the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947 http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/gahff/html/ff_156400_robinsonjack.ht

Entries Publication Data Dedication Advisory Board ... World Civilizations The Great American History Fact-Finder Robinson, Jackie , baseball player. Robinson became the first black player in major league baseball when he joined the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947 after a year with the Montreal Royals, the top Dodger farm club. Robinson played all ten years of his major league career with the Dodgers, leading the team to six World Series appearances. Accepting Branch Rickey 's challenge not to respond to abuse, he withstood jeers, insults, bean balls, hate mail, and death threats to break the color line in professional sports. An exceptional hitter and base-stealer, he won the rookie of the year award in 1947 and the most valuable player award in 1949. Breaking his silence in 1949, Robinson became an outspoken opponent of racial discrimination. He received the Spingarn Medal in 1956 and retired from baseball in 1957 to engage in business, political, and civil rights activities. In 1962 he became the first black to enter baseball's Hall of Fame. Site Map I Partners I Press Releases I Company Home I Contact Us Terms and Conditions of Use Privacy Statement , and Trademark Information

27. MSN Encarta - Jackie Robinson Segregation in the United States role of jackie robinson baseball Hall of Breaking baseball’s color barrier was a serious challenge, and robinson met http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761574436/Robinson_Jackie.html

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Sign In Web Search: Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade your Encarta Experience Search Encarta Upgrade your Encarta Experience Spend less time searching and more time learning. Learn more Tasks Find in this article Print Preview Related Items Segregation in the United States: role of Jackie Robinson Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, National more... Further Reading Editors' picks for Robinson, Jackie Search for books and more related to Robinson, Jackie Encarta Search Search Encarta about Robinson, Jackie Editors' Picks Great books about your topic, Robinson, Jackie ... Click here Advertisement document.write(' Robinson, Jackie Encyclopedia Article Multimedia 4 items Article Outline Introduction Early Life Baseball Career Retirement I Introduction Print Preview of Section Robinson, Jackie (1919-1972), American athlete who became a civil rights icon when he broke the color barrier in major league baseball in 1947. Fifty years later, in recognition of his great impact on the sport and on American society, baseball officially retired Robinson’s number (42) throughout the league. II Early Life Print Preview of Section Jack Roosevelt Robinson was born in Cairo, Georgia, to a family of sharecroppers. After his father left the family, Robinson’s mother moved with her five children to Pasadena, California. Robinson, a high school sports star, attended Pasadena Junior College (now Pasadena City College) and then won a scholarship to the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA). There he demonstrated exceptional athletic ability, becoming the first UCLA student athlete to win varsity letters in four sports—football, basketball, baseball, and track.

28. MSN Encarta - Related Items - Robinson, Jackie Related Items from Encarta. robinson, jackie. Segregation in the United States role of jackie robinson baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, National http://encarta.msn.com/related_761574436/Jackie_Robinson.html

var fSendSelectEvents = true; var fSendExpandCollapseEvents = true; var fCallDisplayUAText = false; MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Sign In Web Search: Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade your Encarta Experience Search Encarta Related Items from Encarta Robinson, Jackie Segregation in the United States: role of Jackie Robinson Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, National career in context of other great players experience with the Dodgers ... de jure View article © 2005 Microsoft MSN Privacy Legal Advertise Feedback ... Help

29. Major League Baseball Jackie Robinson Day April 15, 2004 42 glowing from the video board, the memory of jackie robinson was honored Major League baseball, the Major League baseball Players Trust for Children http://mlb.mlb.com/NASApp/mlb/mlb/events/jrd/index.jsp

30. Major League Baseball Official Info Jackie Robinson Foundation jackie robinson s induction into the baseball Hall of Fame • jackie robinson Foundation PSA 56K 350K • Historical jackie robinson 56K 350K http://mlb.mlb.com/NASApp/mlb/mlb/official_info/community/robinson_foundation/in

31. Jackie Robinson: Biography And Much More From Answers.com View Poster jackie robinson , baseball Player Born 31 January 1919 Birthplace Cairo, Georgia Death 24 October 1972 (diabetes) Best Known As The. http://www.answers.com/topic/jackie-robinson

showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Games Health ... More... On this page: Personalities Dictionary Encyclopedia History US History Wikipedia Best of Web Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping Jackie Robinson Personalities View Poster Jackie Robinson Baseball Player Born: 31 January 1919 Birthplace: Cairo, Georgia Died: 24 October 1972 (diabetes) Best Known As: The man who broke baseball's color barrier Jackie Robinson was the first African-American to play in baseball's major leagues in the modern era. Only white players were accepted in the major leagues until 1947, when Robinson was called up to join the Brooklyn Dodgers. Robinson's excellent play, and his role in breaking the color barrier, led to his 1962 induction as the first African-American in baseball's Hall of Fame. In 1997, on the 50th anniversary of Robinson's first year with the Dodgers, Major League Baseball permanently retired his uniform number (42)... Other baseball stars on Who2 include Hank Aaron Babe Ruth Barry Bonds and Joe DiMaggio FOUR GOOD LINKS Soul of the Game The Sporting News has an archive of articles By Popular Demand: Jackie Robinson U.S. government collection of documents and a good page of links

32. Gale - Free Resources - Black History - Biographies - Jackie Robinson robinson, jackie. baseball Has Done It. Philadelphia Lippincott, 1964. ———. I Never Had it Made. New York GP Putnam s Sons, 1972. Tygiel, Jules. http://www.galegroup.com/free_resources/bhm/bio/robinson_j.htm

Thomson Gale Learning Thomson.com SEARCH 2. Select Search Type Products (e.g. InfoTrac) Site (e.g. Customer Service) Press Room About Us Contact Us Site Map ... Careers Order Center: Login Sign Up (new customers) About Thomson Gale Home Locations Executive Bios Trade Shows Title List Changes for Licensed Databases Home Alacritude Dialog Factiva ... Yahoo Business Development Home Who We Are What We Do How We Do It ... Contact Us Press Room Home Archives Library of the Year Logo Library ... Need a Speaker? Outside U.S. and Canada Home International Support Product Information: Catalog Catalog Catalog Help How to Order ... Imprint Publishers Customer Service: Billing/Fulfillment Returns Customer Resource Center Support Technical Resources Training Resources Free Resources: Market Your Library Market Your Library Get Connected Find Yourself in the Library ... InfoTrac Discussion List document.write(url); Black History Jackie Robinson Also known as: Jack Roosevelt Robinson, John Roosevelt Robinson Baseball player, activist Honored internationally as the central figure in baseball's "Noble Experiment," Jack Roosevelt Robinson, known in the world of baseball as Jackie Robinson, took the first steps toward integrating the sport's major league teams when he signed a contract to play with the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947. This gigantic stride, which prepared the way for the legendary feats of Willie Mays and Henry Aaron, was an early harbinger of the significant changes in contract negotiations, compensation, and general status of professional athletes addressed half a century later in the 1994-95 baseball strike. His individual challenge to the accepted policies of organized sports demonstrated that change was possible through the concentrated effort of a player's union.

33. Robinson, Jackie - Former Negro League Baseball Player jackie robinson broke the Major League baseball color barrier when he became the first black baseball player in the US major leagues during the 20th century http://www.nlbpa.com/robinson__jackie.html

Site Search: ALL words ANY words JACK ROOSEVELT ‘JACKIE’ ROBINSON Born: Jan 31, 1919 Died: Oct. 24, 1972 Kansas City Monarchs 1945; Brooklyn Dodgers 1947-56. Elected to Major League Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962. Every major league team has retired uniform No. 42 to honor Robinson. Jackie Robinson broke the Major League Baseball color barrier when he became the first black baseball player in the U.S. major leagues during the 20th century. As an infielder and outfielder for the Brooklyn Dodgers of the National League from 1947 through 1956.came to the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947. Two years later, he hit a league-leading .342, drove in 124 runs, and was voted the Most Valuable Player in the National League. Reared in Pasadena, Calif., Robinson became an outstanding all-around athlete at Pasadena Junior College and the University of California at Los Angeles. He excelled in football, basketball, and track as well as baseball. Robinson withdrew from U.C.L.A. in his third year to help his mother care for the family. In 1942 he entered the U.S. Army, attended officer candidate school, was commissioned a second lieutenant in 1943, and received a medical discharge in 1945. He then played professional football in Hawaii and baseball with the Kansas City Monarchs of the Negro National League. On Oct. 23, 1945, Robinson and pitcher John Wright, also black, were signed by Branch Rickey, president of the Brooklyn club, to play on a Dodger farm team, the Montreal Royals of the International League.

34. Negro League Baseball Message Board Great Time Coming The Life of jackie robinson, From baseball to Birmingham. baseball s Great Experiment jackie robinson and His Legacy. http://www.nlbpa.com/message_view.asp?imsg=1661

35. Jackie Robinson Breaks Baseball's Color Barrier, 1945 A watershed meeting in Brooklyn Dodgers general manager Branch Ricky s office makes history. http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/robinson.htm

20th Century The Roosevelts Move Into the White House, 1901 Early Adventures With The Automobile The Gibson Girl ... Payoff to the Vice President, 1971 Jackie Robinson Breaks Baseball's Color Barrier, 1945 Printer Friendly Version >>> J ackie Robinson gained national recognition in 1941 when he became the first athlete in the history of UCLA to earn a letter in four different sports in the same year (football, basketball, track and baseball). Drafted into the Army, he was discharged in 1945 and joined the Kansas City Monarchs of the American Negro League. That same year, he had a visit from Clyde Sukeforth a Dodger scout who told him that Brooklyn Dodger general manager Branch Rickey would like to meet with him. Jackie Robinson When Robinson traveled to New York City for the meeting he was unaware that he was going to be asked to become the first Black player in major league baseball. The decision to open up "America's favorite pastime" to African-Americans was in no small part due to the contribution they had made to the country's war effort. Happy Chandler, the newly installed Baseball Commissioner, was quoted as saying that: "if they (African-Americans) can fight and die on Okinawa, Guadalcanal (and) in the South Pacific, they can play ball in America." Branch Rickey agreed, but everyone knew that the first Black to break through the color barrier would not only have to be talented enough to play in the majors but strong enough to withstand with dignity the inevitable racial taunts that would be hurled his way. Jackie Robinson was their man.

36. Jackie Robinson | BaseballLibrary.com jackie robinson profile from baseballLibrary.com, the most comprehensive baseball history encyclopedia on the Internet. We give you the stories behind the http://www.baseballlibrary.com/baseballlibrary/ballplayers/R/Robinson_Jackie.stm

BALLPLAYERS TEAMS CHRONOLOGY TODAY ... Rules: 1900-present Rules The Field The Ball The Bat The Uniforms Chronology FAQ Authors BaseballLibrary.com by The Idea Logical Company, Inc. Jackie Robinson 2B-3B-1B-OF 1947-56 Dodgers Jackie Robinson's Teams 1947 Brooklyn Dodgers 1948 Brooklyn Dodgers 1949 Brooklyn Dodgers 1950 Brooklyn Dodgers 1951 Brooklyn Dodgers 1952 Brooklyn Dodgers 1953 Brooklyn Dodgers 1954 Brooklyn Dodgers 1955 Brooklyn Dodgers 1956 Brooklyn Dodgers Jackie Robinson's Teammates Led League in ba 49. All-Star in 1949-54 Most Valuable Player Award in 1949 Hall Of Fame in 1962 Games Average HR RBI Career World Series Books and articles about Jackie Robinson SHOPPING Look for Jackie Robinson books at BN.com Look for Jackie Robinson books at Amazon.com Your purchases keep BaseballLibrary.com online. Thank you! RELATED LINKS Photos Photo: History Maker, Barrier Breaker from Black Baseball in Kansas City Photo: Jackie Robinson, 1947 from Black Baseball in Detroit Photo: Jackie Robinson steals home during the 1955 World Series Book Excerpts Tales from the Dodger Dugout by Carl Erskine Submissions Memories of Jackie Robinson by Sam Person Celebrating Jackie Robinson by Harvey Frommer Remembering Irving Rudd by Harvey Frommer Branch Rickey and Jackie Robinson by Harvey Frommer The Men who Broke Baseball's Color Line: Excerpt from Harvey Frommer's "Rickey and Robinson" by Harvey Frommer Spring Training Is About To Begin by Sam Person Baseball. . . The Perfect Game, Red Sox Vs Yankees Reads and other sporting fare.: Sports Book Review

37. Jackie Robinson Baseball Stats By Baseball Almanac jackie robinson baseball stats with batting stats, pitching stats and fielding stats, along with uniform numbers, salaries, quotes, career stats and http://www.baseball-almanac.com/players/player.php?p=robinja02

38. Black Memorabilia - Jackie Robinson By Baseball Almanac baseball Almanac s National Treasures article researches Black Memorabilia jackie robinson. http://www.baseball-almanac.com/treasure/autont2003a.shtml

Baseball Almanac: Where What Happened Yesterday is Being Preserved Today Advertising Downloads Feedback Newsletter ... Year In Review Google Baseball Almanac Related Links Articles by Frank Ceresi Treasures Menu "Yes I know that (how much the Dodgers financially benefited from his presence). But I also know what a big gamble he took." - Jackie Robinson in 'I never Had it Made' (1982) F rank Ceresi and Carol McMains, formerly of the National Sports Gallery in Washington, D.C., currently run FC Associates , a museum consultation and sports appraisal business. They have also lectured, appeared on television, authored many articles on sports history and studied countless sports artifacts that can only be described as "national treasures". B aseball Almanac is pleased and honored to present an interesting column written by the former curator of the National Sports Gallery and current president of FC Associates Black Memorabilia Jackie Robinson FC Associates During the last several years there has been enormous interest in collecting unique sports artifacts and memorabilia. This has been especially true for collectibles representing or commemorating African-American athletes. For this column, we will share our insights on one of the most popular African-American athletes of all time . . . Jackie Robinson Jack Roosevelt Robinson , born in 1919, grew up in Pasadena, California and from a young age was an extraordinary athlete. While attending UCLA he starred in four different sports; track and field, basketball, football and baseball. Not only did Jackie break the Pacific Coast Conference record in the broad jump, but he was the school basketball team’s leading scorer and, on the gridiron, led the nation in yards per carry for the UCLA football team. Also, of course, Jackie was a baseball player who, unfortunately after graduation, faced what thousands of African-Americans confronted during the first half of the 20th century . . . the Major League color barrier.

39. Jackie Robinson: A Baseball Celebration March 31; Standing Beside jackie robinson, Reese Helped Change baseball. March 30; Blacks Turning Away From baseball and robinson s Dream http://www.nytimes.com/specials/baseball/robinson-index.html

Jackie Robinson: A Baseball Celebration Jackie Robinson signing autographs at an exhibition game at Ebbett's field on his first day as a Dodger, April 11, 1947. Forum Join a Discussion on Jackie Robinson May 2 Baseball Column: Ripple of Recognition Follows Robinson Audio Duke Snider , Robinson's teammate Rachel Robinson Hank Aaron James Baldwin , pitcher From the Archives Sports of the Times: Play Ball! , first published on April 15, 1947. Archival Photographs Jackie Robinson Photo Gallery April 16 A Grand Tribute to Robinson and His Moment With a Modest Entrance, Robinson Stepped Quietly Into History Sports of the Times: Robinson A Role Model for the Ages On Baseball: Standing by Her Man, Always With Elegance ... Clinton Honors Robinson Amid Talks to Kids and Politicians April 15 Baseball Pulls Out the Stops for Robinson Celebration New Yorkers Recall Impact of Jackie Robinson On Baseball: A Ballplayer Who Embraces His Predecessors Role Models for the Future at School 320 April 13 Mainstream Press Gave Minor Play to Robinson Breakthrough An Early Exemplar in Jazz So Large a Sports Hero, He Filled the Screen April 10 Color Issue Extends Beyond Playing Field April 7 Sports of the Times: Willie Mays Pays Homage to Robinson April 6 No. Robinson Wasn't First.

40. The New York Times Store Photographs Sports Jackie Robinson jackie robinson, 1952 view larger image, jackie robinson, 1952 It happened in the fourth inning at Ebbets baseball robinson, jackie Brooklyn (NYC) http://www.nytimes.com/nytstore/photos/sports/baseball/NSAPBGD4B.html

SEARCH PHOTOGRAPHS New York Sports American Experience ... Favorite Sets For information about corporate sales and group discounts, photographs sports baseball view larger image Jackie Robinson, 1952 It happened in the fourth inning at Ebbets Field in May of 1952. Robinson made a cap-losing slide and caught a corner of the plate with his right foot before the Cubs’ catcher, John Pramesa, could tag him. The umpire is Augie Guglielmo and the man with the bat is Preacher Roe, Dodger pitcher. P.S.: Roe stepped back up to the plate and made his first hit of the year! The New York Times Photo Archives view a sample of our framing >> select product / price (11x14) JACKIE ROBINSON 1952 PHOTO / $195 (11x14) JACKIE ROBINSON 1952 FRAMED / $340 (16x20) JACKIE ROBINSON 1952 / $375 (16x20) JACKIE ROBINSON FRAMED / $540 (20x24) JACKIE ROBINSON 1952 / $495 (20x24) JACKIE ROBINSON 1952 FRAMED / $745 (30x40) JACKIE ROBINSON 1952 / $1150 (30x40) JACKIE ROBINSON 1952 FRAMED / $1545 Home delivery subscribers receive a 10% discount on this item at checkout. Browse Related Collections Collection: New York's Glory Days of Baseball Browse for photos in related categories: Photographs Sports Baseball Search for other products with related keywords Baseball Robinson, Jackie

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