61. Organic Food Production. Resource From The Alternative Farming Systems Informati Alternative farming systems Information Center, NAL/ARS/USDA, www.nal.usda.gov/afsic/ . Organic agriculture practices cannot ensure that products are http://www.nal.usda.gov/afsic/ofp/

Organic Food Production Introduction AFSIC Information Guides USDA Publications, 1992-2003 Resources ... Organic Agriculture Search Tips New reports! Recent Growth Patterns in the U.S. Organic Food Market U.S. Organic Farming in 2000-2001: Adoption of Certified Systems As of Oct. 21, 2002, requires certification by USDA-accredited certifying agent, unless exempted or excluded in Section 205.101 . See AFSIC's Quick Links to National Organic Program informaton. Introduction The recent passage of the National Organic Program Final Rule, coupled with growing consumer support for organic foods, have made farming organically an increasingly viable alternative for many U.S. farmers. In addition, there has been renewed awareness of organic agriculture on the part of public interest groups, marketing organizations, and agricultural researchers. This Alternative Farming Systems Information Center (AFSIC) web site serves as a starting point for those interested in organic production in agriculture. "Organic farming is one of the fastest growing segments of U.S. agriculture during the 1990s. USDA estimates that the value of retail sales of organic foods in 1999 was approximately $6 billion. The number of organic farmers is increasing by about 12 percent per year and now stands at about 12,200 nationwide, most of them small-scale producers. According to a recent USDA study, certified organic cropland more than doubled from 1992 to 1997. Two organic livestock sectors, eggs and dairy, grew even faster." (

62. What Is Sustainable Agriculture? Many inputs and practices used by conventional farmers are also used in Including livestock in the farming system increases the complexity of biological http://www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/concept.htm

Home Site Map Calendar Search ... Webmaster What is Sustainable Agriculture? Concept Themes Farming and Natural Resources Plant Production Practices Animal Production Practices December 1997 A griculture has changed dramatically, especially since the end of World War II. Food and fiber productivity soared due to new technologies, mechanization, increased chemical use, specialization and government policies that favored maximizing production. These changes allowed fewer farmers with reduced labor demands to produce the majority of the food and fiber in the U.S. Although these changes have had many positive effects and reduced many risks in farming, there have also been significant costs.Prominent among these are topsoil depletion, groundwater contamination, the decline of family farms, continued neglect of the living and working conditions for farm laborers, increasing costs of production, and the disintegration of economic and social conditions in rural communities. A growing movement has emerged during the past two decades to question the role of the agricultural establishment in promoting practices that contribute to these social problems. Today this movement for sustainable agriculture is garnering increasing support and acceptance within mainstream agriculture. Not only does sustainable agriculture address many environmental and social concerns, but it offers innovative and economically viable opportunities for growers, laborers, consumers, policymakers and many others in the entire food system.

63. Traditional Practices For Plant Disease Management In Traditional Farming System with primitive agricultural systems or preindustrial peasant agriculture.Traditional farming usually is based on practices that have been passed down http://www.tropag-fieldtrip.cornell.edu/tradag/default.html

Traditional Practices for Plant Disease Management in Traditional Farming Systems H. David Thurston Professor Emeritus - Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY, 14850 ( hdt1@cornell.edu Scarlet runner bean This page is, at best, an introduction to the subject of traditional farming systems. Crop production began perhaps 10,000 years ago. Some ancient farmers developed sustainable agriculture practices that allowed them to produce food and fiber and manage plant diseases for thousands of years with few outside inputs. Many of their successful practices have been forgotten or abandoned in developed countries, but some are still used by traditional farmers in a wide variety of environments in developing countries. The term traditional is usually associated with primitive agricultural systems or preindustrial peasant agriculture. Traditional farming usually is based on practices that have been passed down for many generations. The objective here is to give an overview of the range of methods used by traditional farmers over time to restrict plant diseases without reliance on external or synthetic inputs. Traditional systems of Latin America, Africa, and Asia are considered. Most of the information on traditional agriculture pertinent to the management of plant diseases has never been recorded in a form easily accessible by today's farmers and scientists. With rare exceptions, those who have studied indigenous and traditional agriculture seldom consider or even mention plant diseases. Traditional agricultural practices should be understood and conserved before they are lost with the rapid advance of modern agriculture in developing countries. Plant pathologists and other agricultural scientists can learn much from traditional farmers to elucidate principles and methods useful in the future management of plant diseases. Traditional knowledge can be overvalued or romanticized, but that is better than despising or ignoring it. Combining the best of traditional agriculture methods with the best of modern agriculture should go a long way towards sustaining agriculture in the coming century.

64. Titlepage.html practices for Plant Disease Management in Traditional farming systems Traditional farming usually is based on practices that have been passed down http://www.tropag-fieldtrip.cornell.edu/Thurston_TA/Default.html

Traditional Practices for Plant Disease Management in Traditional Farming Systems H. David Thurston Professor Emeritus - Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY, 14850 ( hdt1@cornell.edu Scarlet runner bean This page is, at best, an introduction to the subject of traditional farming systems. Crop production began perhaps 10,000 years ago. Some ancient farmers developed sustainable agriculture practices that allowed them to produce food and fiber and manage plant diseases for thousands of years with few outside inputs. Many of their successful practices have been forgotten or abandoned in developed countries, but some are still used by traditional farmers in a wide variety of environments in developing countries. The term traditional is usually associated with primitive agricultural systems or preindustrial peasant agriculture. Traditional farming usually is based on practices that have been passed down for many generations. The objective here is to give an overview of the range of methods used by traditional farmers over time to restrict plant diseases without reliance on external or synthetic inputs. Traditional systems of Latin America, Africa, and Asia are considered. Most of the information on traditional agriculture pertinent to the management of plant diseases has never been recorded in a form easily accessible by today's farmers and scientists. With rare exceptions, those who have studied indigenous and traditional agriculture seldom consider or even mention plant diseases. Traditional agricultural practices should be understood and conserved before they are lost with the rapid advance of modern agriculture in developing countries. Plant pathologists and other agricultural scientists can learn much from traditional farmers to elucidate principles and methods useful in the future management of plant diseases. Traditional knowledge can be overvalued or romanticized, but that is better than despising or ignoring it. Combining the best of traditional agriculture methods with the best of modern agriculture should go a long way towards sustaining agriculture in the coming century.

65. Dmoz.fr Science Agriculture Practices And Systems Science Agriculture practices and systems Science Agriculture practices andsystems - Open Directory Project dmoz.fr. http://dmoz.fr/Science/Agriculture/Practices_and_Systems/

Science Agriculture Practices and Systems Dmoz.fr Annuaire Francophone Science Agriculture Practices and Systems : Science Agriculture Practices and Systems L'Open Directory Project est un et un annuaire francophone Version Fran§aise de Dmoz, annuaire francophone international DMOZ : ANGLAIS A propos de Dmoz proposer un site faire un lien ... aide sponsored links the entire directory only in Agriculture/Practices_and_Systems Top Science Agriculture : Practices and Systems Description Agroforestry Community Supported Agriculture Dryland Farming ... Reduced Tillage Farming This category in other languages: Italian Beaverslide Haying - Describes the old practice of harvesting hay in rural Montana using a beaverslide, sickle mowers, side-rakes, and buck rakes. Buffer Strips: Common Sense Conservation - Discusses the uses and benefits of having small areas or strips of land in permanent vegetation, designed to intercept pollutants, prevent soil erosion and manage other environmental concerns. EPA : Global Warming : Impacts - Discussion of the likely effects of global warning on US agriculture.

66. Community Food Systems And Sustainable Agriculture Program AgEBB Community Food System and Sustainable Agriculture (CFSSA) Evaluation The firstis to assess if producers improved practices on sustainable agriculture. http://agebb.missouri.edu/sustain/cfssaeval.htm

67. Science Central : Science - Agriculture - Practices And Systems Category Listing Science Agriculture - practices and systems. http://www.sciencecentral.com/category/286017

Saturday, 17 September, 2005 Home Submit Science Site Set as Homepage Add to Favorite ... Contact search for Directories Agriculture Anomalies and Alternative Science Astronomy Biology ... Technology Category: Science Agriculture Practices and Systems SUBMIT A SITE Practices and Systems Order by Popularity Alphabet Sites Records 1-9 of 9 Mucuna Bracteata - Cover Crop (Popularity: Describes the establishment of the legume Mucuna bracteata under Oil ... Beaverslide Haying (Popularity: Describes the old practice of harvesting hay in rural Montana ... Integrated Farming Information Network (Popularity: A forum for information, information exchange and development in integrated ... Suite 101- Farming (Popularity: Collection of articles with facts, information, and techniques for those ... EPA : Global Warming : Impacts (Popularity: Discussion of the likely effects of global warning on US ... Manitoba's Management Plus Program (Popularity: Provides farmers and industry with crop information and freeware, from ... Buffer Strips: Common Sense Conservation (Popularity: Discusses the uses and benefits of having small areas or ...

68. Texas Precision Agriculture - Texas A&M University System Economic analysis of precision farming practices for cotton, grain sorghum, Precision farming Site Specific Production systems Economics of Precision http://precisionagriculture.tamu.edu/

Precision Home Search Main Precision Ag People Projects About This Site Advanced Search Highlights In the first year of this study, sensors were mounted along a center-pivot irrigation system on the Helms Farm to measure the water needs of corn and cotton. Bart_Thesis.pdf , 2.4 megabytes Irrigation research using PA tools indicates varietal differences in yield response to application method and strategy. Some varieties apparently respond better to the use of highly efficient LEPA irrigation during pod development than do others. Schubert-PorterPAReport02.pdf , 417.3 kilobytes Remote sensing technologies have the potential of differentiating between agronomic stresses by quantifying plant pigments such as carotenoids and anthocyanins. 2002PAReportFormandLetter.pdf , 1.0 megabytes In 2002, crop management zones, based on slope and soil electrical conductivity, were used to allocate irrigation water to a corn crop in Helms. This concept was succes2fully applied and tested. making this a viable management approach. PA-Helms-2002.pdf

69. Organic Apples: Tasty And Good Farming Practices Organic Apples Tasty and Good farming practices In the study, the organicsystem did not use synthetic pesticides or fertilizers and relied on compost, http://www.annieappleseedproject.org/oraptasandgo.html

Organic apples win productivity and taste trials August 10, 2001 A study in the journal Nature counters arguments that organic farming systems are less efficient and produce lower yields than conventional farming systems. Conducted by researchers at Washington State University from 1994 to 1999, the study compared organic, integrated and conventional apple orchards and found that while all three systems gave similar apple yields, the organic system had the greatest environmental sustainability, profitability and energy efficiency. In the study, the organic system did not use synthetic pesticides or fertilizers and relied on compost, mulch, pheromone-mating disruption (PMD), Bacillus thuringiensis and thinning fruit by hand. By contrast, the conventional system used synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, PMD and chemical fruit thinner; the integrated farming system used compost, synthetic fertilizers, mulch and herbicides. Cumulative yields were comparable and there were no observable differences in physiological disorders or pest and disease damage across the three apple production systems. However, the study found that the organic apple system had the highest soil quality, profitability, energy efficiency and taste appeal. The organic apple system also had the least adverse environmental impact. Although sustainability is a difficult concept to measure, the researchers included both ecological and economic factors in their analysis. They noted that to be sustainable a farm must produce adequate high-quality yields, be profitable, protect the environment, conserve resources and be socially responsible in the long term. Specifically, the indicators of sustainability used in the study were soil quality, horticultural performance, orchard profitability, environmental quality and energy efficiency.

70. About Organic Organic farming management relies on developing biological diversity in the and implementation of an organic system plan that describes the practices http://www.ofrf.org/general/about_organic/

Home General Information Research Program SCOAR ... Site Index Frequently Asked Questions About Organic Farming What is organic farming What does certified organic mean www.ams.usda.gov/nop Is organic food more nutritious than conventional food? www.omri.org Is organic food safe? Yes. Organic food is as safe to consume as any other kind of food. Just as with any kind of produce, consumers should wash before consuming to ensure maximum cleanliness. As cited above, organic produce contains significantly lower levels of pesticide residues than conventional produce. It is a common misconception that organic food could be at greater risk of E. coli contamination because of raw manure application although conventional farmers commonly apply tons of raw manure as well with no regulation whatsoever. Organic standards set strict guidelines on manure use in organic farming: either it must be first composted, or it must be applied at least 90 days before harvest, which allows ample time for microbial breakdown of any pathogens. Is organic food really a significant industry?

71. BN23.com :: Science: Agriculture: Practices And Systems practices and systems Provides farmers and industry with crop informationand freeware, from the Manitoba Crop Insurance database. http//www.mmpp.com http://www.bn23.com/portal/Science/Agriculture/Practices_and_Systems/

Practices and Systems Search Science Agriculture Community Supported Agriculture (62 links) Dryland Farming (9 links) Irrigation (36 links) Precision Farming (32 links) Reduced Tillage Farming (7 links) Beaverslide Haying Describes the old practice of harvesting hay in rural Montana using a beaverslide, sickle mowers, side-rakes, and buck rakes. http://www.geocities.com/ima_pooka/ Buffer Strips: Common Sense Conservation Discusses the uses and benefits of having small areas or strips of land in permanent vegetation, designed to intercept pollutants, prevent soil erosion and manage other environmental concerns. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/feature/buffers/ FARmresearch Links to research projects about implementing site-specific management systems on farms. http://www.farmresearch.com/ Integrated Farming Information Network A forum for information, information exchange and development in integrated farming in Europe. http://ew.eea.eu.int/Public/irc/envirowindows/infi... Living With Nature Information on how an arid area of land is made productive, using inter-cropping and organic farming practices. http://www.indianorganic.com

72. Practices And Systems Find It Science Agriculture practices and systems Suite 101 FarmingCollection of articles with facts, information, and techniques for those http://www.ebroadcast.com.au/dir/Science/Agriculture/Practices_and_Systems/

SEARCH GUIDE NEWS AUSTRALIAN TV GUIDE DVD RENTALS ... Agriculture : Practices and Systems Science The A to Z of science is right here. Agroforestry Community Supported Agriculture Dryland Farming Hydroponics ... Beaverslide Haying Describes the old practice of harvesting hay in rural Montana using a beaverslide, sickle mowers, side-rakes, and buck rakes. Buffer Strips: Common Sense Conservation Discusses the uses and benefits of having small areas or strips of land in permanent vegetation, designed to intercept pollutants, prevent soil erosion and manage other environmental concerns. EPA : Global Warming : Impacts Discussion of the likely effects of global warning on US agriculture. FARmresearch Links to research projects about implementing site-specific management systems on farms. Fatal Harvest Book featuring essays on industrial agriculture and its effects on farmers and consumers. Integrated Farming Information Network A forum for information, information exchange and development in integrated farming in Europe. Living With Nature Information on how an arid area of land is made productive, using inter-cropping and organic farming practices.

73. Stonyfield Yogurt - Organic It is an ecological system that at its core relies on a healthy rich soil to In addition, ecological farming practices eliminate the use of toxic and http://www.stonyfield.com/Organic/

About Organic What is Organic? Organic practices include: Crop rotation- alternating the types of crops grown in each field, which in turn prevents the depletion of the soil. Pests are also managed through crop rotation by eliminating breeding grounds built year after year with a continuous crop. Planting cover crops, such as clover adds nutrients to the soil, prevents weeds, and increases organic matter in the soil. Soil with high organic matter resists erosion and holds water better, requiring less irrigation. Studies have shown that organic crops fare better than non-organic crops in times of drought and stress. Releasing beneficial insects to prey on pests helps to eliminate the need for chemical insecticides that can remain in the soil for years or leach into our water supply. Adding composted manure and plant wastes helps the soil retain moisture and nutrients. Just as falling leaves return nutrients to forest soil, composting replenishes the soil. Preventing illness and maintaining strong animals through good nutrition and minimal stress are key to successful organic livestock farming.

74. Opera Directory Top Science Agriculture practices and systems Provides farmers andindustry with crop information and freeware, from the Manitoba Crop http://portal.opera.com/directory/?cat=286017

75. Towards A Sustainable Agriculture By Steve Diver Lowinput agriculture is one of several alternative farming systems whose Finally, in the adoption of sustainable farming practices that depend on a http://www.ru.org/artagri.html

Home New Renaissance Articles Recent Issues ... Radio Rawa Stay on Top of developments in ecology, economics, education, politics, science and the arts with a subscription to New Renaissance Click here SIGN UP for our free newsletter New Renaissance News , an e-mail bulletin giving updates about the web site and news relating to the themes of our journal. Enter your email address here: Subscribe Un-Subscribe Towards a Sustainable Agriculture by Steve Diver Sustainable agriculture is an important element of the overall effort to make human activities compatible with the demands of the earth's eco-system. Thus, an understanding of the different approaches to ecological agriculture is necessary if we want to utilise the planet's resources wisely. While sustainable agriculture is based on long-term goals and not a specific set of farming practices, it is usually accompanied by a reduction of purchased inputs in favor of managing on-farm resources. A good example is reliance on biologically-fixed nitrogen from legumes as versus manufactured nitrogen fertilizers. Low-input agriculture is one of several alternative farming systems whose methods are adaptable to sustainable agriculture. Low-input farming is based on a reductionbut not necessarily eliminationof chemical fertilizers, insecticides, and herbicides. Farmers are adopting these practices primarily to reduce costs, but also because they want to minimize impact on the environment or because they perceive future pesticide regulations.

76. Conservation Tillage Comparison Emerges From 16-year Study Of DAVIS A new location and purpose for a successful 16year-old farming comparison The study of alternative practices, which has helped change the way http://news.ucanr.org/newsstorymain.cfm?story=582

77. Biologically Integrated Prune Farming Project Receives UC Grant Award The Integrated Prune farming practices team, which began in 1998, received $80000 to The Biologically Integrated farming systems (BIFS) model is http://news.ucanr.org/newsstorymain.cfm?story=98

78. Sustainable Agriculture: How Are Practices Or Systems A Part? Producers must think about the longterm implications of practices and how theyvery broadly interact with agricultural systems that are very dynamic. http://msucares.com/environmental/sustainable/how.html

Current Situation Frequently Asked Questions Other Information MSUcares ... Home Page Environmental Quality: Sustainable Agriculture How are practices or systems a part of Sustainable Agriculture? Producers must think about the long-term implications of practices and how they very broadly interact with agricultural systems that are very dynamic. These include interactions among plants, animals, and other organisms that are a part of the system which must be balanced to protect the resource base. This process is ever changing and must translate into profit plus a food supply to meet community and consumer needs. Consumers must be an active participant in learning about the system that produces their food. Visit: DAFVM USDA Search our Site Need more information about this subject? Last Modified: Wednesday, 05-Mar-03 09:57:02 URL: http://msucares.com/environmental/sustainable/how.html Mississippi State University is an equal opportunity institution.

79. Indigenous Technical Practices In A Rice-based Farming Systems Farmerto-farmer seed exchange Farmers practice their own system of obtainingquality seeds. They form an informal network wherein they visit each other s http://ciesin.columbia.edu/docs/004-195/004-195.html

Reproduced, with permission, from: Rajasekaran, B. 1993. Indigenous technical pratices in a rice-based farming system. Ames, IA: Center for Indigenous Knowledge for Agriculture and Rural Development. Draft. Indigenous Technical Practices in a Rice-based Farming Systems I. Indigenous cropping systems Indigenous cropping systems are those cropping systems that have been practiced for generations and still hold promise in meeting the food requirements of a growing population. Most of the cropping systems are well suited to the diversified agro-ecological conditions. Sequential cropping is a system of cropping in which farmers sow two or three short duration crops in succession, especially legumes or oilseeds in lines between trees. Sequential cropping is adopted in marginal lands or dry lands. Sequential cropping contributes significantly to protein production for marginal and small-scale farmers. Mixed cropping is a system of cropping in which farmers sow more than two crops at the same time. Farmers normally sow a mixture of legume and oilseed crops with an objective to meet protein and fat requirements. By sowing more than two crops, farmers try to avoid risks due to failure of any one crop. Mixed cropping is usually followed under rainfed conditions. Monocropping is a system of cropping in which farmers cultivate the same crop in all three seasons in a year. Large-scale farmers who have access to irrigation prefer monocropping.

80. Practices And Systems Agriculture Free Directory A Web Directory including practices and systems Agriculture Resources and practicesand systems Agriculture Free Directory. Offer automatic, instant and http://www.bizseo.com/Directory/Science/Agriculture/Practices_and_Systems/

Page 4     61-80 of 99    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | Next 20