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History Of Computers:     more books (100)

Bit by Bit: An Illustrated History of Computers by Stan Augarten, 1984-11 Journey to the Moon: The History of the Apollo Guidance Computer (Library of Flight Series) by Eldon C. Hall, 1996-09 A Science of Operations: Machines, Logic and the Invention of Programming (History of Computing) by Peter Mark Priestley, 2011-04-28 Digital Art History (Intellect Books - Computers and the History of Art) Digital History: A Guide to Gathering, Preserving, and Presenting the Past on the Web by Daniel Cohen, Roy Rosenzweig, 2005-08-30 Moving Targets: Elliott-Automation and the Dawn of the Computer Age in Britain, 194767 (History of Computing) by Simon Lavington, 2011-03-07 Makin' Numbers: Howard Aiken and the Computer (History of Computing) The Government Machine: A Revolutionary History of the Computer (History of Computing) by Jon Agar, 2003-10-01 Doing History: Research and Writing in the Digital Age by Michael J. Galgano, J. Chris Arndt, et all 2007-05-23 Memoirs of a Computer Pioneer (History of Computing) by Maurice V. Wilkes, 1985-09-04 Priming the Pump: How TRS-80 Enthusiasts Helped Spark the PC Revolution by David Welsh, Theresa Welsh, 2007-05-21 Insanely Great: The Life and Times of Macintosh, the Computer That Changed Everything by Steven Levy, 2000-06-01 Inventing the Electronic Century: The Epic Story of the Consumer Electronics and Computer Industries, with a new preface (Harvard Studies in Business History) by Alfred D. Chandler Jr., 2005-04-30 Teaching History in the Digital Classroom by D. Antonio Cantu, Wilson J. Warren, 2002-12

lists with details

41. Information Technology History - Outline
    Stan Augarten, BIT By BIT An Illustrated history of computers (New York Ticknor Fields, 1984). R. Moreau, The Computer Comes of Age The People,  
    http://www.tcf.ua.edu/AZ/ITHistoryOutline.htm
    
    Extractions: Characterized by a principal technology used to solve the input, processing, output and communication problems of the time: Premechanical, Mechanical, Electromechanical, and Electronic A. The Premechanical Age: 3000 B.C. - 1450 A.D. Writing and Alphabetscommunication. First humans communicated only through speaking and picture drawings. 3000 B.C., the Sumerians in Mesopotamia (what is today southern Iraq) devised cuniform Around 2000 B.C., Phoenicians created symbols The Greeks later adopted the Phoenician alphabet and added vowels; the Romans gave the letters Latin names to create the alphabet we use today. Paper and Pensinput technologies. Sumerians' input technology was a stylus that could scratch marks in wet clay. About 2600 B.C., the Egyptians write on the papyrus plant around 100 A.D., the Chinese made paper from rags, on which modern-day papermaking is based. Books and Libraries: Permanent Storage Devices. Religious leaders in Mesopotamia kept the earliest "books"

42. February 16, 1996, Hour One:History Of Computers
    February 16, 1996, Hour Onehistory of computers. history of computers. Fifty years ago this month, the US Army and the University of Pennsylvania  
    http://www.sciencefriday.com/pages/1996/Feb/hour1_021696.html
    
    Extractions: Fifty years ago this month, the U.S. Army and the University of Pennsylvania teamed up to produce an all-electronic machine that heralded the beginning of the Information Age. In this hour of Science Friday, we'll look back on the half-century since ENIAC was invented and reflect on how computers have revolutionized our lives. Guests

43. History Of Computers
    Helping People Use Computers! history of computers About Us Contact Us Client Testimonials Store Locations News Services Employment History of  
    http://www.nerdz.com/9999/history_of_computers.htm
    
    Extractions: In the last twenty years or so computer have gone from over-sized calculators, to compact and easy to use devices. Hopefully this History will be informative, entertaining, and ultimately further your enjoyment and knowledge of computers. Computer Terminology CPU (central processing unit): This works as the brain of your personal computer. It receives information from other parts on the computer, makes decision and sends that information on to another part of the computer. And it does it very quickly. Some CPUs can process millions of instructions in one second. HARD DRIVE (HDD): The hard drive is where your programs and data are stored. It is like the cassette tape that saves your recordings. A filing cabinet holds paper files, letters, and records just like a hard drive holds digital information about your files, letters and records for you to print of view on the screen In 1993, the common hard drive size was a mere 80MB. Ten years later most computers come standard with a 100GB hard drive and some games can consume more than 200GB of space. RAM (random access memory): This is the area of the computer where information is temporarily stored for further processing or printing. It's kind of like the work area where you spread out the files and documents you are working on at the time. If you don't save your work to the hard drive it will be lost when you turn the computer off. Each program takes up a certain amount of memory to process and do calculations. The more memory you have the more things you can do. Ten years ago DOS programs could operate easily with 1 or 2MB of RAM. Windows 3.1 programs need a minimum of 4MB of ram. Windows 95 realistically needs a minimum of 32MB. Windows 98 needs 64MB. Windows XP needs 128MB. It is always best to have more memory than the minimum requirement.

44. Met Office: History Of Computers At The Met Office
    history of computers at the Met Office. history of computers 1959 to 2004. In the beginning About 50 years ago, the Synoptic and Dynamical Research  
    http://www.met-office.gov.uk/research/nwp/numerical/computers/history.html
    
    Extractions: In the beginning... About 50 years ago, the Synoptic and Dynamical Research Sub-committee of the Meteorological Research Committee recommended that the Met Office obtain an electric desk-calculator, and recruit a mathematician specially trained in computational methods, to enable the office to undertake trial meteorological computations. So it was, with such basic equipment, not even capable of automatic multiplication, that the Met Office began to fulfil the dream of L.F. Richardson, when in 1922 he suggested the possibility of numerical weather prediction using a grand "forecast factory" - consisting of thousands of (human) computers, seated around a globe shaped auditorium, each one calculating the future state of the atmosphere at a fixed location by evaluating a set of equations. In the ten years following the purchase of the electrical desk-calculator, a small number of Met Office staff had access to a "real" computer - the LEO 1 - which had been built by Lyons, the caterers. Eventually, in 1959 the Met Office purchased its first computer - a Ferranti Mercury, which the office named Meteor. With glowing valves and copious volumes of paper tape, the Met Office had entered the computer age.

45. Past Notable Women Of Computing
    Alice Burks has coauthored numerous articles on ENIAC and the history of computers with her husband, Arthur Burks, a computer scientist who was part of the  
    http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/tap/past-women-cs.html
    
    Extractions: Computing Community: Please help us expand this section. Send TAP your information on historical women in CS by clicking on the "submit" icon below. Submit information Feedback During the early 1940's, Kay McNulty, a recent math graduate from Chestnut Hill College, was employed along with about 75 other young female mathematicians as a "computer" by the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School of Engineering. These "computers" were responsible for making calculations for tables of firing and bombing trajectories, as part of the war effort. The need to perform the calculations more quickly prompted the development of the ENIAC, the world's first electronic digital computer, in 1946. Kay McNulty Mauchly Antonelli recalls computing in 1946: "We did have desk calculators at that time, mechanical and driven with electric motors, that could do simple arithmetic. You'd do a multiplication and when the answer appeared, you had to write it down to reenter it into the machine to do the next calculation. We were preparing a firing table for each gun, with maybe 1,800 simple trajectories. To hand-compute just one of these trajectories took 30 or 40 hours of sitting at a desk with paper and a calculator. As you can imagine, they were soon running out of young women to do the calculations. Actually, my title working for the ballistics project was `computer.' The idea was that I not only did arithmetic but also made the decision on what to do next. ENIAC made me, one of the first `computers,' obsolete.

46. World History Compass, History Of Computers
    Links to computer history sites. Computer History Collection Exhibitions, reference materials, interviews. Smithsonian National Museum of American  
    http://www.worldhistorycompass.com/compute.htm

47. Quiz On History Of Computers And Information Technology
    Quiz on Computers. Learn more about the people who were and are behind computing and the PCs. Learn about the history of computers, the development and more  
    http://www22.brinkster.com/beeandnee/quiztime/historyofcomputers.asp
    
    Extractions: var google_language="en"; var adHB=true; wDoL("top","NX72UQN"); wCls("NX72UQN"); wDoL("btm","NX72UQN"); showA("NX72UQN"); Web Hosting by Brinkster Skip Navigation Links home techzone ... QuizTime VAX minicomputers : The VAX range of minicomputers was released by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) on October 25, 1977. It was the first commercially available 32-bit machine and was intended to replace the older PDP-11 series. The letters VAX stand for Virtual Address eXtension. VAX machines used the VMS (later called OpenVMS) operation system. VAX Links: vaxarchive.org VAX History at WilliamBader.com VAX History at webmythology.com Random Access Memory ( RAM ) was invented by Robert Dennard The Winchester Drive , and the floppy disk drive were invented at IBM Ethernet was invented by Dr. Robert (Bob) Metcalfe Lady Ada Lovelace The IBM PC , which featured the 16-bit Intel 8088 microprocessor, came in 1981. The Xerox Star 8010 , developed by Xerox in 1981, featured the mouse and a desktop with icons. This was the first computer with a graphical user interface (GUI). The GUI was first developed by Xerox in 1973 for Alto, an experimental predecessor to the Xerox Star. Apple Computers : formed on April 1, 1976 by

48. Bernie Poole's Presentation On The History Of Computers
    15Sep-01 A Brief history of computers.  
    http://www.pitt.edu/~poole/historyofcomputers.htm

49. Bernie Poole's Presentation On The History Of Computers
    http://www.pitt.edu/~poole/historyofcomputers_files/frame.htm

50. Intel Education: TJI: Explore The Curriculum: Intro To Computers
    In this section, you will learn a bit about the history of computers, the four essential components of a computer, and the differences between your brain  
    http://www97.intel.com/discover/JourneyInside/TJI_Intro/default.aspx
    
    Extractions: The title on the tab above lets you know you are in the Introduction to Computers section. To the left are the links for the lessons available in this section. Click on a tab above and you will jump to that section. Similarly, use the links to the left to proceed through the lessons and activities for this section. It is recommended, though not required, that you go through the lessons in sequence. What you learn in one lesson prepares you for what you will discover in the next one.

51. Intel Education: TJI: Intro To Computers: Lesson 1
    Introduction to Computers, Lesson 1 history of computers history of computers Throughout time, humans have invented ingenious calculating machines.  
    http://www97.intel.com/discover/JourneyInside/TJI_Intro_lesson1/default.aspx
    
    Extractions: Want to Learn More About Inventions? Visit Visual Ranking and use the interactive thinking tool to arrange a list of inventions in order of significance. Compare your list with other students' results, and explore the ways in which technological inventions have shaped the world throughout human history. History of Computers Throughout time, humans have invented ingenious calculating machines. One of the earliest was the abacus. It's about 5,000 years old. Mechanical calculators that could add and multiply (but not subtract!) were invented in the 1600s. In 1820, Charles Xavier Thomas de Colman invented the arithometer, a machine that could add, subtract, multiply and divide. It was Charles Babbage though, in the early 1800s, who designed mechanical calculating machines (see photo) that were the true ancestor of today's computers. Ada Byron King (Countess of Lovelace) was his programmer and today is considered the mother of computer programming.

52. The Language And History Of Computers -- Index
    The Language and history of computers. Willie W. Webfoot Speaks The Language of Computers. Understanding Computer Jargon Need help unscrambling the  
    http://www.imagescape.com/helpweb/history/history.html

53. WIReD: History Of Computers - SJLibrary.org
    Information about library resources for research, including online databases, selected websites and subject guides for academic coursework.  
    http://www.sjlibrary.org/research/web/iguide_subjectList.htm?t=134&catID=59

54. EDUCATION PLANET - 7167 Web Sites For History Of Computers
    EDUCATION PLANETSearch Results for keyword history of computers.  
    http://www.educationplanet.com/search/search?keywords=History of Computers

55. EDUCATION PLANET - 7167 Web Sites For History Of Computers
    CHAC History Pages * Computers, Calculators, Pre-electronic The history of computers During My Lifetime * - The history of computers During My  
    http://www.educationplanet.com/search/search/?keywords=History of Computers

56. History Of Computers
    Computer History Images Pictures of many of the pioneering computers. Computer Industry History - Comprehensive list of links to the best computer  
    http://www.edinformatics.com/computers/history.htm
    
    Extractions: See also: Sites: Brief History of Computers - Charts the evolution of computers from ancient times to the present. Charles Babbage Institute (CBI) - A research center at the University of Minnesota dedicated to promoting the study and preservation of the history of computing and information processing. Chronology of Personal Computers - Timeline of microcomputers from the development of the microprocessor in the 1960s through to the present day. Includes hardware, software, peripherals, companies, and individuals. Computer History Association of California - A non-profit corporation, who safeguards and organizes the history of electronic computing, not only in California, but nationally and internationally. They collect and archive hardware, software and documents. Computer History Images - Pictures of many of the pioneering computers.

57. Talk:History Of Computers - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
    Talkhistory of computers. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Article Discussion Edit this page + History. Personal tools  
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:History_of_computers
    
    Extractions: I think the page should start with the mechanical calculators of Schickard Blaise Pascal and Gottfried Leibniz Also, Zuse 's and Alan Turing 's work is missing. Anybody know more about the eighteenth century polynomial solver that's mentioned in the difference engine section? If Univac was a 1000 times faster - what were its competitors? Retrieved from " http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:History_of_computers Views Personal tools Navigation Search Toolbox What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages ... Permanent link This page was last modified 15:51, 25 February 2002. All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License (see for details).

58. The History Of Computers
    babbage.gif (15130 bytes), The History of the Computer He designed two computers during his lifetime; the Difference Engine and the Analytical  
    http://www.elanguest.com/reporter/computer.html
    
    Extractions: (slightly older) IBM 's Original Building Back in the 'Dark Ages' The first mechanical calculator ever built was constructed by Willhelm Schichard (1592-1633) in Tübingen, Germany, in 1623. Schichard made two copies both entirely in wood. The first one was made for the astronomer Kepler and the second one for himself. None of these machines exist today. A similar, but far more famous calculator was built in 1642 by Blaise Pascal (1623 - 1662). This calculator could do simple calculations, such as addition and subtraction on six digit numbers. The rumour is that Pascal constructed the calculator for his father, who was a tax collector. In the year 1671 Gottfried Leibniz (1646 - 1716) constructed a calculating machine. Not only did this machine include an addition unit, which was identical to Pascal's machine, but it also included an automatic multiplication and division unit. Leibniz's machine was therefore the first calculator which could handle the four rules of arithmetic. Like all other mechanical calculators before the 19th century, it became used only for academic interest. Not until 1820 did Tomas of Comlar construct a mechanical calculator which became a commercial success.

59. TASCHEN Books: Design - All Titles - The Computer. An Illustrated History - Fact
    Discover the fascinating history of computers, interfaces, and computer design. The Computer. An Illustrated History Wurster, Christian  
    http://www.taschen.com/pages/en/catalogue/books/design/all/facts/02976.htm
    
    Extractions: Remember your first computer? No doubt it now seems like a relic from the Flintstone era. From automated punch-card calculators to the first personal computers such as the Apple II and Commodore 64, to today's Sony Vaios and PowerBook G4s, the computer has undergone an amazing, rapid evolution in its brief history. Can you believe the computer's first input device was a light pen used to select a symbol on the screen? And that computer keyboards were preceded by teletypewriters? The progress we've witnessed in our lifetimes is mind-boggling. The struggle for the best interface, the greatest design, and the fastest processor have resulted in computers of a size, power, capability and use that were unfathomable only a few decades ago.

60. History Of Computers | Free Term Papers
    The earliest existence of a modern day computer\ s ancestor was the abacus. These date back to almost 2000 years ago. It is simply a wooden rack holding  
    http://www.oppapers.com/term-papers/29932.html
    
    Extractions: Ads_kid=0;Ads_bid=0;Ads_xl=0;Ads_yl=0;Ads_xp='';Ads_yp='';Ads_xp1='';Ads_yp1='';Ads_opt=0;Ads_wrd='[KeyWord]';Ads_prf='';Ads_par='';Ads_cnturl='';Ads_sec=0;Ads_channels='ROI_Casino,ROI_Dating,ROI_Over 18,_GNM_18+,_GNM_Casino,_GNM_CollegeWeb,_GNM_Dating,_GNM_NewsInformation,_GNM_QLook,_GNM_QPlus,_GNM_RON_J,_GNM_RON_Q'; SEARCH BROWSE JOIN FOR FREE TOP LISTS ... CHUCKIII RSS Feed Custom Essays Term Papers Internships Frat ... Files Search Over 50,000 Term Papers at FratFiles.com Go Directly to FratFiles.com I think that all those teachers who give you book reports are wasting there time... beacause of oppapers! - academon

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